题目内容

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with word or phrases that best fits the context.

People often fall ill because of me.  36    , they can hardly blame me; it is largely their own 37____ .A tired person may get caught, especially when he goes to crowded places with polluted air. A sudden change in 38    is another factor. In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily.

My latest victim is an energetic student. After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though 39   , he still went to the cinema .Then he got back home and took a cold shower immediately.

I seized this golden chance to attack him .He reacted, trying to 40    me, but I was already reproducing deep in his throat. He kept sneezing and his nose was running. 41   he put on some warm clothes, it didn’t work, for there were too many of us. Besides, his sore throat kept    42   him, and he developed a cough to force me and my family out, but  43   .

The next day he couldn’t go to school He had lost his appetite and was not as 44   as before. His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C, which would help his recovery.

For two days he was nursed by his mother. As he rested more, his defense strengthened and I began to feel the 45   . I knew I had to leave him before long. But I am not the one who gives up easily, and I made every effort to fight back. Unfortunately, it was my turn to feel 46    now, for his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me. I became 47    and finally my time was over.

Do you know what I am?

36. A .Therefore       B. Besides        C. However      D. Then

37. A .business         B . responsibility      C. excuse D. fault

38. A. temperature B. season          C. place    D. condition

39. A. excited  B. hurt      C. late      D. tired

40. A. get on with    B. get rid of      C. put up with  D .take hold of

41. A. Since      B. Once    C. Whether      D. Although

42. A. reminding      B. upsetting     C. comforting  D. influencing

43. A. escaped          B. succeeded   C. regretted     D. failed

44. A. peaceful         B. afraid   C. active  D. happy

45. A. loss         B. operation     C. pressure      D. movement

46. A. painful   B. disappointed        C. nervous        D. ashamed

47. A. bigger    B. weaker         C. smaller         D. stronger

36-55 CDADB DBDCC AB


解析:

36.C  前后句形成转折关系,故选C. However“然而”

37.D  从本句后的举例论证看,人们生病都是因为自己的“过错”造成的,故选D fault

38.A  从后句:In hot summer, people turn on the air-conditioner upon returning home. They will catch a cold easily.可知,感冒的另一个因素是A sudden change in temperature.即气温的突然变化。

39.D  由前句“he played football hard for two hours.”知,这个学生很累了。故选D. tired

40.B  他感冒了,所以作出反应想“除掉”我,即想治好感冒。只有“get rid of” 合适。

      Get on with 是相处的意思;take hold of 是握住,抓住的意思;put up with 是忍受,容忍的意思

41.D  本题考查连词,前后句的逻辑关系理解。从句意知,尽管他穿上温暖的衣服,可还是“didn’t work”, 不起作用,故选D. Although,引导让步状语从句。

42.B  “upset”意为“使……不舒服,使……烦恼”,从上下文知,他喉咙疼使他很不舒服。故选“upsetting”

43.D  从下段开头知道,The next day he couldn’t go to school. He had lost his appetite. 他的目的:“force me and my family out” 并未达成,即“failed”

44.C  从本句结构“….not as________ as before” 知是与以前的情况相比不一样了。以前的情况从第二段开头:My latest victim is an energetic student 知,与“energetic”相对应的应该是:active. 故选C.

45.C  从上段知他在吃药,并休息的很好,所以“我”(从文章拟人化的手法表达知,“我”就是导致感冒的病毒)就会感觉到压力。所以C. pressure 符合文意。

46.A  从上文知前面提到的学生感冒了,很痛苦,而现在轮到我了,“it was my turn”,所以应选“painful”与之照应。

47.B  从前句“ his defense system was starting an all-out attack against me.”和本句后的“and finally my time was over.”知,“我”变得越来越虚弱“weaker”。

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Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blankets by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

  

Like our body, our memory needs regular exercise to be in good condition. Like the sportsman who must train to allow the body to respond to difficult times, the memory needs its own special training in order to stay in “shape” and improve.

There are many factors that can cause poor memory like insomnia (失眠), depression and alcohol. However, there are simple ways which you can follow to keep your memory in shape and actually help you to improve your memory’s condition and performance.

Never stop learning. Look for topics that interest you and really get involved in learning new information about them. Reading and attending lectures or programs are sources of continuous education of your brain with beneficial results to your memory.

    Develop your social and family relationships. The more social you are, the better it is for your brain. Studies have shown that the brain and heart have a lot to gain from good family and social relationships.

    Exercise your mind with games. The more you use your brain, the more you help your memory stay in shape. There are many games that can make you an intelligent person as well as entertain you such as chess, puzzles and board games.

    Exercise physically can improve your memory. This type of exercise improves the circulatory (血液循环的) system. Even the simple but regular daily exercise such as fast walking can improve the heart and oxygenation(供氧) of the brain. The benefits of exercise affect positively many body systems, as well as our memory and other cognitive(认知的) capabilities.

    Eat more fruit and vegetables. What we eat every day affects the performance and long-term condition of our memory. Fruit and vegetables are an excellent source of antioxidants(抗氧化剂) and vitamins that can help and benefit the nervous system.

   So our memory is like a sportsman. The more we practice our brains and memory, the better their performance will be.

                      Title: How to improve memory

 

   Topic

1.      like insomnia, depression and alcohol can lead to poor memory. We should exercise 2.      to keep memory in good condition.

 

 

 

 

 

Ways to improve memory

Never stop learning

3.      like reading and attending lectures or programs does good to your memory.

Develop social and family relationships

Good family and social relationships are beneficial to your brain and contribute to 4.    as well.

Exercise mind with games

Play chess, puzzles or board games, which is of great benefit to your intelligence and also offers you5.   .

Take6.    exercise

Physical exercise improves the 7.    of the brain, which leads to better memory.

Eat more fruit and vegetables.

Fruit and vegetables are 8.     in antioxidants and vitamins that can help and benefit the nervous system.

9.    

If we practice brains and memory more, they will 10.    .

 

The concept of health holds different meanings for different people and groups. These meanings have also changed over time. This change is no more evident than in Western society today, when notions of health and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways.

For much of recent Western history, health has been viewed in the physical sense only. That is, good health has been connected to the smooth mechanical operation of the body, while ill health has been attributed to a breakdown in this machine. Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms.

In the late 1940s the World Health Organization challenged this physically and medically oriented (导向的) view of health. They stated that health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 1946). Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind / body / spirit) and not just in physical terms.

The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasizing the importance of the lifestyle and behaviour of the individual. Specific behaviours which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medical health care, but also health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviours and lifestyles. While this individualistic healthy lifestyle approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society), it was of little benefit to people experiencing poverty, unemployment, underemployment or who had little control over the conditions of their daily life.

During the 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live. This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health.

At the Ottawa Conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promotion based on the socio-ecological view of health. This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. In exploring the scope of health promotion it states that:

Good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension (尺度) of the quality of life. Political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural and biological factors can all favour health or be harmful to it. (WHO, 1986)

1.From the passage, we can infer that _________.

A.good health means not having any illness

B.health has different meanings for different people in different periods

C.health has always been viewed in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live

D.health has always been considered a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quality of life

2.In the late 1940s, if you ___________, that meant you were healthy. 

A.were strong enough

B.were strong, optimistic and happy

C.had enough money

D.had a good lifestyle

3.        of society benefited most from the healthy lifestyle approach to health. 

A.Rich people

B.Poor people

C.Old people

D.Young people

4.The socio-ecological view of health includes the following broad areas EXCEPT ________.

A.the social contexts

B.the environmental contexts

C.the economic contexts

D.the area of personal development

5.This passage mainly tells us that                 .  

A.wealth is health

B.health means different things in different periods

C.it’s getting harder to be healthy

D.people should change their understanding of health over time

 

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with word or phrases that best fits the context.

When other nine-year-old kids were playing games, she was working at a petrol station. When other teens were studying or going out, she struggled to find a place to sleep on the street. But she overcame these terrible setbacks to win a highly competitive scholarship and gained 36___ to Harvard University. And her 37___story has inspired a movie, Homeless to Harvard: The Tony Morrison Story 38___ in late April.

Tony Morrison, a 22-year-old American girl, has been writing a real-life story of willpower and determination. Tony grew up in the 39___of two drug-addicted parents. There was never enough food or warm clothes in the house. Tony was the only member of the family who had a job. Her mother had AIDS and died when Tony was just 15 years old. The effect of that loss 40___ a turning point in her life. Connecting the environment in which she had grown up with how her mother had died, she decided to do something about it. Tony went back to school. She 41___ herself into her studies, never telling her teachers that she was homeless. At night, she slept on the streets.

“What drove me to survive had 42___to do with understanding, by understanding that there was a whole other way of being. I had only experienced a small part of the society,” she wrote in her book Breaking Night. She admitted that she used envy to drive herself on. She used the benefits that came easily to others, such as a safe living environment, 43___ herself that “next to nothing could hold me 44___”. She finished high school in just two years and won a full scholarship to study at Harvard University.

But Tony decided to leave her top university for a couple of months earlier this year in order to take care of her 45___, who has also developed AIDS. “I love my parents so much. They are drug addicts. But I never forget that they love me 46___.” Tony wants moviegoers to go away with the idea that changing your 47___ is “as simple as making a decision”.

36. A. permission           B. entry                C. honor              D. confidence

37. A. puzzled               B. puzzling            C. amazing            D. amazed

38. A. published             B. appeared           C. sold               D. shown

39. A. charge                      B. face                 C. middle            D. shadow

40. A. lay in                 B. led to                      C. referred to          D. stuck to

41. A. threw              B. put               C. devoted           D. concentrated 

42. A. nothing               B. everything                  C. something         D. anything

43. A. to encourage                 B. to control         C. to persuade         D. to believe

44. A. up                      B. down                      C. off                    D. back

45. A. mother                B. sister               C. father                 D. brother

46. A. once in a while                                   B. time and time again  

C. at the same time                                D. all the time

47. A. life                     B. university            C. way              D. family

 

Directions:  Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

As we all know, all the governments in the world collect taxes(税), but what are they and what are they used for? Some people may not know about them.

There are two kinds of taxes. One of the most important taxes is income-taxes which a person pays according to the amount of his income. Whatever he is, he must pay tax if income is more than a certain amount. This is called a “direct” tax, because it is paid in money directly to the government.

Another tax is paid on goods. When they are brought into a country, such a tax is paid as part of the price of these goods if they are later sold in shops. We call it “indirect” tax, because it is paid indirectly through the shopkeepers.

People usually complain about having to pay taxes, but they forget that the money is spent on what they need. On one hand, we need policemen and soldiers to protect us from danger. Meanwhile, we also need schools and teachers for our children. On the other hand, we need officials and workers to serve us. Above all, we need money to develop our nation.

Taxes, therefore, can’t be avoided. We have no real reason to complain when we are asked to supply money to be spent for the good of ourselves and for our fellow-citizens.

Title:   1.  are necessary in our life

Sources

People→Taxes

_2.__of taxes

Tax-payers

  3. 

People whose income is over a certain amount

Indirect tax

___4.__

  5. 

Taxes→  6.  

On safety—  7.  

On education—  8. 

  9. —Officials and workers

On development—  10.

 

 

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