题目内容

【题目】

A.He is not a bit overweight.

B.He likes his fitness instructor.

C.She has set too many rules for him.

D.She should talk with his personal trainer.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】

W: Jonny, you should take up a little weight training and you need to go to bed early instead of watching TV half the night.

M: Hey, you're starting to sound like my personal fitness instructor.

Q: What does the man mean?

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【题目】 When people are rude to their co-workers or treat them badly, they probably don’t realize the unintended victims in the encounter could be the co-workers, children. Women who experience incivility in the workplace are more likely to engage in stricter, more authoritarian parenting practices that can have a negative impact on their children, according to the research presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association.

“These findings reveal some previously undocumented ways that women, in particular, suffer as a result of workplace aggression,” said researcher Angela Dionisi, PhD, of Carleton University. This research also speaks to a previously unacknowledged group of indirect incivility victims, namely children.

Workplace incivility is any behavior that is disrespectful, impolite or otherwise goes against workplace standards of respect, according to coauthor Kathryne Dupre, PhD, of Carleton University. “We now know that the outcomes of workplace incivility are vast and negative,” said Dupre. Survey results showed that incivility in the workplace was associated with mothers feeling less effective as parents, which could help explain the increased need to engage in strict, controlling parenting behavior, said Dupre.

Authoritarian parents have high expectations from their children, with rules that they expect their children to follow unconditionally. At the same time, though, they provide very little in the way of feedback and severely punish any mistake, said Dupre. They tend to have lots of regulations and micromanage almost every aspect of their children’s lives, valuing discipline over fun.

“Research suggests that authoritarian parenting is more of a negative style of parenting as compared to other parenting styles. This style of parenting has been associated with a variety of negative child outcomes, including exhibiting aggressive behavior outside the home, being fearful or overly shy around others, having difficulty in social situations due to a lack of social competence,” she said.

1Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “incivility” in Paragraph 1?

A.Rudeness.B.Panic.

C.Violence.D.Argument.

2Which of the following is NOT a feature of authoritarian parents?

A.They tend to be too strict with their children.

B.They set high standards for their children to reach.

C.They want to keep their children’s life under control.

D.They attach equal importance to discipline and fun.

3What is the main idea of the passage?

A.The cause of more authoritarian parents.

B.The harm of workplace incivility to children.

C.The different styles of parenting practices.

D.The effects of high expectations from children.

【题目】Whenever we see a button on a doorbell or on a remote, we may press it. This is true in most cases. But some buttons are actually fake(假的), like the“ close" button on an elevator.

Many people are in the habit of pressing the "close" button because they don’t have the patience to wait for the elevator doors to shut. But according to experts, the buttons are a complete trick- the doors will not close any faster however hard you press

It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed, making sure that all elevators stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only firefighters and maintenance workers(维修工) can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys. But to normal elevator riders, the buttons aren't completely useless.

According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control. Experts have showed that a lot of buttons that don't do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don't live up to their names. Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before computer-controlled traffic signals were introduced.

But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little "white lies". They still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort

That habit is here to stay, John Kounios, a psychology professor at Drexel University in the US, told The New York Times. “After all, I’ve got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not try the chance?”

1The author writes the text to______________

A. analyze what roles fake buttons play

B. inform readers of kinds of fake button

C. explore different ways to push buttons

D. explain why fake buttons were introduced

2The underlined “for this same purpose " in Paragraph 4 probably refers to_____________.

A. making people more patent

B. improving people 's bad mood

C. offering people a sense of control

D. helping people build up confidence

3What can we know from John Kounios’ words?

A. Pressing fake buttons is of no meaning at all

B. People don't know that what they press is fake

C. Some people press fake buttons Just to kill time

D. People are supposed to quit Pressing fake buttons

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