Seen from space the Earth is covered in a blue mantle. It is a planet on which the continents are dwarfedby the oceans surrounding them and the vastness of the marine area. An astonishing 80 percent o 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Seen from space the Earth is covered in a blue mantle. It is a planet on which the continents are dwarfed(相形见绌)by the oceans surrounding them and the vastness of the marine area.

An astonishing 80 percent of all the life on Earth is to be found hidden beneath the waves and this vast global ocean pulses around our world driving the natural forces which keep life on our planet.

The oceans provide necessary sources of protein, energy, minerals and other products of use the world over and the rolling of the sea across the planet creates over half our oxygen, drives weather systems and natural flows of energy and nutrients around the world, transports water masses many times greater than all the rivers on land combined and keeps the Earth habitable.

Without the global ocean there would be no life on Earth.

It is seriously worrying, then, that we are damaging the oceans on a scale that is unimaginable to most people.

We now know that human activity can have serious influences on the vital forces governing our planet. We have fundamentally changed our global climate and are just beginning to understand the consequences of that. As yet largely unseen，but just as serious，are the influences we are having on the oceans. A healthy ocean has diverse ecosystems and strong and healthy habitats. The actual state of our oceans is a far cry from this natural level.

A large quantity of human pressures are being exerted both directly and indirectly on ocean ecosystems the world over. Consequently ecosystems are collapsing as marine species are driven towards extinction and ocean habitats are destroyed. With the decrease and removement of their diversity, ocean ecosystems are losing their natural recovery.

20．The 2nd and the 3rd paragraphs are given mainly to describe________．

A．what the oceans look like

B．what the oceans are made up of

C．what lives in the oceans

D．what functions the oceans have

21．The oceans provide all the following except ________．

A. various marine creatures

B. rich living resources

C. all natural forces

D. comfortable habitats for man

22．Man has not yet realized that ________．

A．he has done harm to the oceans

B．he has done harm to the planet

C．he has benefited from the oceans

D．he has benefited from the planet

23．The best title for this passage should be ________．

A. Protecting our planet

B. Defending our oceans

C. Making good use of our oceans

D. A glimpse of the oceans

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍海洋资源及人类对海洋的影响。

20．D　段落大意题。第二段中的“this vast global ocean pulses around our world driving the natural forces which keep life on our planet.”和整个第三段都在说明海洋的作用，故选D项。

21．C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“An astonishing 80 percent of all the life on Earth is to be found hidden beneath the waves…”可知A项正确；根据第三段中的“The oceans provide necessary sources of protein, energy, minerals…”可知B项正确；根据倒数第二段中的“A healthy ocean has diverse ecosystems and strong and healthy habitats”可知D项正确。而C项是对文章的错误理解。

22．A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As yet largely unseen，but just as serious，are the influences we are having on the oceans.”可知答案。

23．B　标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍海洋的作用，以及人类对海洋造成的破坏，故B项“保护海洋”作为标题最合适。

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M: Well, this is it! What do you think of it?

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I saw it in books when I was a child．Just thinking of all this being built

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M: A the started building is more than 2,500 years ago when ________

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W．But I always thought the wall had been built by Qin Shihuang, the first

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M: Well, yes．In the way, you see, he united thew country in the ________

third century B．C．and one of the things he did was to join the s ________

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By the way, how tall is the wall?

M: The average h is 7．8 meters; the average width is 6．5 meters ________

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W: Yes! I'd like to have a look from the top．

请认真阅读下面对话，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，在标有题号的右边横线上，写出一个英语单词的完整、正确形式，使对话通顺。

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W: It is certainly something any nation could be proud of. I hear this is the

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On the night of May, 7,1942, a plane took off from an Air Force base in England to stop German fighters over the English Channel. The pilot of the plane was Captain Thomas Nash. Looking eastward, Nash saw twelve orange lights in a row, moving at an extremely high speed. As an experienced flyer, he had never seen anything like them. Thinking that they might be a new German weapon, he decided to follow them. But when he swung the plane around and headed directly for the lights, they disappeared.
Captain Nash may have been the first to see such orange lights but he wasn’t the last. His experience was repeated several times by pilots during World War Ⅱ in Europe and the Far East. What were they? No one knows for sure, but there is an interesting theory to explain them. According to this theory, the orange lights are space animals – animals specially adapted to life in the upper atmosphere just as some creatures are adapted to life at the bottom of the sea. These space animals, the theory says, live so far up in the atmosphere that they are invisible from the earth. They feed in part on the air and partly on energy from sunlight. Being almost pure energy themselves, they can give light at night. During the day they become invisible.
Before World WarⅡ, continues the theory, there was little radiated (辐射) energy available on the earth’s surface. Then came the development of rockets, atomic reactor (核反应堆), and hydroelectric (水力发电的) plants. The space creatures are attracted by these sources of energy. At night when no energy is sent from sunlight, they go down into the lower levels to search a meal. They may even come into the scope of human eyesight. This explains the fact that they have been sighted now and then from the earth since 1942.
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A．The secret of nature can be completely explained.
B．Captain Nash may have been the first to see the lights in space.
C．Captain Nash saw twelve orange lights moving at a high speed.
D．According to an interesting theory, the orange lights are space animals.
55．The strange orange lights were first seen         .
A．from the ground                                  B．from a rocket ship
C．during World War I                             D．during World WarⅡ
56．The theory says that during the daytime the space animals        .
A．can’t be seen                                       B．shine brightly in the sky
C．can be seen from the earth                    D．visit the earth’s surface
57．If the space theory is true, the creatures go down to the lower places in order to         .
A．make connection with man                   B．search for man – made energy
C．attract curiosity                                   D．escape detection

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先，请阅读以下世界古代奇观的简介：

　　A. The Great Wall was begun more than two thousand years ago. It was built to keep out invaders. It extends about six thousand seven hundred kilometers across northern China. Today, the Chinese government is working to repairparts of the wall and protect as much of it as possible. The Great Wall of China is one of the largest building projects ever attempted. It is also the only object built by people that can be seen from space.

B. The Coliseum in Rome, Italy was built almost two thousand years ago. The ancient Roman sports center could hold fifty thousand people who gathered there to watch public events. Experts say it is one of the finest examples of Roman design and engineering.

C. The city of Machu Picchu in Peru includes some of the best stone works ever built. The ancient Inca people built Machu Picchu high in the Andes Mountains, northwest of the city of Cuzco. Machu Picchu is about thirteen square kilometers. Historians say it might have been one of the last places of safety for the Incas who were fleeing invaders from Spain.

D. India is famous for its temples and buildings. The most famous is the Taj Mahal, considered one of the most beautiful buildings ever built. The fifth Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, ordered it built in Agra in sixteen thirty-one. He built it as a burial place in memory of his wife. The Taj Mahal has tiny colorful stones inlaid in white marble. The structure seems to change color during different times of the day and night.

E. Abu Simbel was built more than three thousand years ago. It is about 280 kilometers south of Aswan on the western bank of the Nile River. It took an army of workmen and artists more than thirty years to cut the huge temple into the face of a rock mountain. In front of the main temple are four huge statues of Ramses the Second. Each statue is about twenty meters high.

F. Stonehenge also belongs on a list of ancient wonders. It is a circle of huge stones in southeastern England. Experts believe work began on Stonehenge about five thousand years ago. We know very little about Stonehenge. We do not even know how these huge stones were moved to the area. Much has been written about Stonehenge, but experts say they still are not sure what it was used for.

以下是旅行者的信息，请匹配他们计划参观的世界奇观。

1.Mr. Smith, who comes from Rome, Italy, plans to visit Asia. He hears about a beautiful building which tells a moving story about the love between an ancient ruler and his wife. ＿＿

2.Li Hua, who has been to the Great Wall several times, plans to visit an ancient wonder in Europe which has as long a history as the Great Wall. ＿

73. Cindy, who comes from India, plans to visit an ancient temple on the bank of a famous river in Africa. The temple, in front of which there were some huge statues, is one of the greatest stone works ever built. ＿

3.Jack will visit one of the oldest stone works ever built by people. It was made up of huge stones, but how ancient people moved the stones and why they built it remain a mystery.＿

4.A scientist will be sent into space. He hopes he can see an object built by human beings when he looks at our earth with his bare eyes. ＿＿

Fish Ears Tell Fish Tales

　 Fish have ears. Really. They’re quite small and have no opening to the outside world carrying sound through the body. For the past seven years, Simon Thorrold, a university professor, has been examining fish ears, small round ear bones called otoliths (耳石).

　 As fish grow, so do their otoliths. Each day, their otoliths gain a ring of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙). By looking through a microscope and counting these rings, Thorrold can determine the exact age of a young fish. As a fish gets older, its otoliths no longer get daily rings. Instead, they get yearly rings, which can also be counted, giving information about the fish’s age, just like the growth rings of a tree.

　 Ring counting is nothing new to fish scientists. But Thorrold has turned to a new direction. They’re examining the chemical elements (元素) of each otolith ring.

　 The daily ring gives us the time, but chemistry tells us about the environment in which the fish swam on any given day. These elements tell us about the chemistry of the water that the fish was in. It also says something about water temperature, which determines how much of these elements will gather within each otolith ring.

　 Thorrold can tell, for example, if a fish spent time in the open ocean before entering the less salty water of coastal areas. He can basically tell where fish are spending their time at any given stage of history.

　 In the case of the Atlantic croaker, a popular saltwater food fish, Thorrold and his assistant have successfully followed the travelling of young fish from mid-ocean to the coast, a journey of many hundreds of miles.

　 This is important to managers in the fish industry, who know nearly nothing about the whereabouts of the young fish for most food fish in the ocean. Eager to learn about his technology, fish scientists are now lending Thorrold their ears.

1.What can we learn about fish ears from the text?

　A. They are small soft rings.

　B. They are not seen from the outside.

　C. They are openings only on food fish.

　D. They are not used to receive sound.

2.Why does the writer compare the fish to trees?

　A. Trees gain a growth ring each day.

　B. Trees also have otoliths.

　C. Their growth rings are very small.

　D. They both have growth rings.

3.Why is it important to study the chemistry of otolith rings?

　A. The elements of the otoliths can tell the history of the sea.

　B. Chemical contents of otoliths can tell how fast fish can swim.

　C. We can know more about fish and their living environment.

　D. Scientists can know exactly how old a fish is.

4.How would you understand “fish scientists are now lending their ears”?

　A. They are very interested in Thorrold’s research findings.

　B. They want to know where they can find fish.

　C. They lend their fish for chemical studies.

　D. They wonder if Thorrold can find growth rings from their ears.　

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