题目内容

【题目】Preliminary (初步的) estimation puts the figure at around $ 110 billion, __________ the $ 160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.

A. in proportion to B. in reply to

C. in relation to D. in contrast to

【答案】D

【解析】A项in proportion to:"与……成比例"Bin reply to:"以……作答"Cin relation to:"关于;关系到"Din contrast to:"与……比较起来,与……形成对照"。根据上下文的意思,(D)为正确答案。全句的意思为:初步估计的数字大约为1100亿美元,与总统竭力使国会通过的1600亿美元形成对照。

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【题目】At first, the earth's surface layer (was made up of huge blocks of hard, solid rocks. Then slowly, the rocks broke up into smaller and smaller pieces. Finally stones, pebbles(砾石and grains of sand were formed. Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth. Their remains mixed up with the stones, pebbles and formed soil. The outmost layer of the earth is soil.

There are many ways in which large pieces of rock break up into smaller ones. Wind, water, heat and cold help to break up rocks. When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away. These leave holes and cracks (裂缝in the rock, which become bigger and finally the rock breaks up into smaller pieces.

The moving water of streams and rivers also helps to break up rocks. As the water moves along, it carries with small pieces of rock. These rub the larger ones. Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.

The heat of the sun is also helpful in breaking up rocks. When the sun shines, the rocks become very hot. If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack. Ice also plays a part in making soil. Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather. As this happens, it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider, and finally break up into smaller pieces.

1 According to the passage, soil __________.

A. forms very slowly

B. is a mixture only of stones, pebbles and sand

C. makes up the layers of the earth

D. is becoming smaller and smaller

2 Which of the following speeds up the breaks of rocks most?

A. Hot weather.

B. Cold water.

C. Sharp changes in temperature.

D. More dead plants in the cracks.

3Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The remains of many plants and animals can form soil.

B. If a large rock never moves, it will never break up.

C. Even if a large rock never moves, it will break up.

D. Ice in the cracks helps to break up rocks.

4 The best title for this passage should be __________

A. Soil from rock

B. Ways to break up rocks

C. Soil on the earth

D. Soil, outmost layer of the earth

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