题目内容

【题目】People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this __________ creates further problems.

A. in short B. in case

C. in doubt D. in turn

【答案】D

【解析】句意:人们驾驶自家车以避免公共交通的延误,这样反过来又造成更多的问题。in turn反过来,依次,轮流;in short简单地说;in case以防,万一;in doubt怀疑。

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【题目】C

No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are controlling the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic(民主的) society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an individual but only lives to function as a part of the whole. The individual in a uniform loses all self-worth.

There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a larger, more important concept. What could be more important than the individual himself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence.

Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, gets rid of all envy and competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing is not to be looked down upon by a wealthy person who wears expensive clothing. Those persons ignore the concepts as freedom of choice, motivation, and individuality. If all persons were to wear the same clothing, why would anyone struggle to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of food. When this happens, all motivation to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life as they had?

Uniforms also hurt the economy(经济). Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion industry yearly. Thousands of people are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Salesmen would be extra as well. Why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion industry which in turn would have a wave effect on such industries as advertising and sales promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. Our entire information and entertainment industries would collapse.

【1】What is the main idea of the passage?

A. The advantages of uniforms.

B. The disadvantages of uniforms.

C. Different opinions of uniforms.

D. Measures to forbid uniforms.

【2】Why does the author discuss forcing everyone to buy the same car or eat the same food?

A. To show that freedom of choices is absolute in modern society.

B. To show that the government has too much control over people’s lives.

C. To predict the way the society will be in the next few generations.

D. To suggest the result if uniforms became compulsory.

【3】What does the author talk about in the last paragraph?

A. The effect uniforms have on personality.

B. The effect uniforms have on information industries.

C. The effect uniforms have on economy.

D. The effect uniforms have on cultural industries.

【4】What does the underline word “collapse” mean?

A. Come up. B. Turn out prosperous.

C. Come into being. D. Come to an end.

【5】What is the authors attitude towards uniforms?

A. Opposed. B. Favorable.

C. Unclear. D. Doubtful.

【题目】B

Global warming will significantly increase the frequency of lightning strikes, according to a US research.

The research, published in Science, was carried out with the help of data from a US network of lightning detectors. The teams says they have calculated how much each extra degree in temperature will raise the frequency of lightning. "For every two lightning strikes in 2000, there will be three lightning strikes in 2100," said David Romps, at the University of California, Berkeley.

As well as triggering more wild fires, he said, this would alter the chemistry of the atmosphere.

The team's work reveals a new method of working out the relationship between temperature and lightning storms, by estimating the heat energy available to "fuel" storm clouds. "As the planet warms, there will be more of this fuel around, so when thunderstorms get triggered, they will be more energetic," said Prof Romps.

He and his colleagues calculated that every 1 rise in global temperature would lead to an increase in the frequency of lightning strikes by 12%.

They validated their calculations against a year of data from the US National Lightning Detector Network, which detects an electromagnetic pulse every time lightning strikes in the US. "The resulting data is exquisite," said Dr Romps. "The position and time of every lightning strike is very accurately recorded."

As well as triggering half of the wildfires in the US, each lightning strike— a powerful electrical discharge— sparks a chemical reaction that produces a "puff" of greenhouse gases called nitrogen oxides." Lightning is the

dominant source of nitrogen oxides in the middle and upper troposphere(对流层)," said Prof Romps.

And by controlling this gas, it indirectly regulates other greenhouse gases including ozone and methane. Prof Romps said that this was an example of a large response to "what sounds like only a few degrees of warming".

A scientist at the UK Met Office said it was important to understand future lightning patterns, but cautioned that there were still uncertainties in the researchers' model that needed to be tested further. The Met Office added that the application of this forecast to other parts of the world could be limited by the fact that rainfall patterns were very uncertain in many regions.

【1】The best title for the passage should be .

A. Global warming causes more wildfires

B. A new research on the effects of global warming

C. Climate change will make lightning strike more

D. The relationship between temperature and lightning

【2】According to Prof. Romps, .

A. it remains to be seen whether the lightning will trigger wildfires

B. the research is working out the causes of the wildfires

C. they detected an electromagnetic pulse every time lightning strikes in the US

D. lightning plays a major role in creating nitrogen oxides in the middle and upper troposphere

【3】What did the UK Met Office think of the result of the research?

A. The researchers’ model was not convincing enough.

B. The rainfall patterns stayed stable in many areas over a long time.

C. The result wouldn’t be applied to other parts/span> of the world.

D. No research would be needed to make sure of the result.

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