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完形填空

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中.选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Many years ago, I went to ________ my mother from work in the afternoon. I got there a little early so I parked the car by the road and waited for her.

As I looked outside the car window to my right, there was a small park where I ________ a little boy, around one and a half to two years old, ________ freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short distance. The boy had a big smile on his face _________ he had just been set free from some sort of prison. The boy would then fall to the grass, get up, and without ________ or without looking back at his mother, run as fast as he could, again, still with a smile on his face. It seemed ________ had happened!

For kids, ________ at an early age, when they fall down, they don't regard their falling down as a ________ ;instead, they treat it as a learning experience. They feel compelled to try and try again until they succeed. The answer must be that they have not ________ "falling down" with the word "failure" yet, thus they don' t know how to feel the state which accomparues failure. Therefore, they are not _________ in any way. In addition, they probably think to themselves that it's perfectly okay to fall down, and that it's not wrong to do so. ________ , they give themselves permission to make mistakes. Thus they remain energetic.

Touched as I was by the boy's ________ , I was equally touched by the manner in which he ran. With each attempt, he looked so ________ and natural. No ________ of fear and nervousness.

His only aim was to run freely and to do it as ________ as he could. He was just being a child-just being himself - being completely in the moment. He was not looking for ________ or was not worrying about whether someone was ________ or not. He wasn't concerned about being judged. He didn't seem to be bothered by the fact that maybe someone would see him fall ( as there were others in the park apart from him and his mother) and that it would be ________ if he did fall. No, all that ________ to him was to accomplish the task or activity at hand to the best of his ability. To run and to feel the experience of running fully and freely. I ________ a lot from that observation and experience, and have successfully brought that lesson with me in my many pursuits in life.

1.A. take up B. pick up C. bring up D. look up

2.A. realized B. understood C. saw D. helped

3.A. marching B. walking C. running D. moving

4.A. even if B. only if C. if only D. as if

5.A. hesitation B. competition C. situation D. motivation

6.A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing

7.A. especially B. specially C. generally D. normally

8.A. success B. failure C. shame D. pity

9.A. announced B. abandoned C. assumed D. associated

10.A. encouraged B. shocked C. discouraged D. excited

11.A. In other words B. In conclusion C. For another D. On the contrary

12.A. faith B. honesty C. persistence D. loyalty

13.A. upset B. calm C. enthusiastic D. confident

14.A. symbols B. signs C. signals D. marks

15.A. effectively B. imaginatively C. relatively D. negatively

16.A. explanation B. approval C. curiosity D. opinion

17.A. listening B. glaring C. watching D. enjoying

18.A. embarrassing B. amazing C. confusing D. thrilling

19.A. referred B. came C. contributed D. mattered

20.A. won B. learned C. made D. knew

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Clive Roberts,a director at ELS Educational Services,says English tests are changing greatly in response to the global growth in the use of English as a lingua franca— the common language used among people with different native languages.For that reason,a lot of new tests are being developed while old tests are being improved to meet the needs of universities and employers worldwide.

Changes in language testing

“A lot of tests are now delivered online,all four skills are being tested,in some cases,by computer,in particular speaking and writing skills,which are the most difficult to assess on a computer environment,”says Mr.Roberts.

Computer testing will reduce the length of time required for testing,because the tests adjust to the test-taker’s ability.These computer-adaptive tests also increase accuracy in scoring.Computer-adaptive tests change depending on the test-taker’s responses.They can become more or less difficult during the testing session.For this reason,the set of correct answers will be different for each test-taker.

Cultural sensitivity

Another change to language testing relates to cultural sensitivity.The term refers to material on a test that is based on a certain culture or is hard for test-takers from different cultures to understand.

Mr.Roberts says test development companies are now hiring people with intercultural communication backgrounds to review test items.The companies want to make sure the test does not upset test-takers.

Proficiency(精通程度)in language

Changes to English proficiency tests make them better at measuring the learners’ ability.However,Mr.Roberts says the changes may mean the tests are more difficult for some students.

“The tests have become more proficiency-oriented.The items are being designed in such a way that they test real-world proficiency and not simply sort of an artificial environment or a specific set of skills that are taught in a classroom.So a lot of authentic texts,a lot of authentic listening passages are being used.”

The changes mean students have to be able to understand English the way it is used in everyday life, not just in textbooks.

1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined words“a lingua franca”in Paragraph l?

A. a universal language B.a second language

C.a native language D.a mother tongue

2.Which of the following is true about online English tests?

A.Listening is more difficult to be tested online than speaking.

B.Online English tests need more time.

C.Online English tests make scoring more accurate.

D.Online English tests are more difficult.

3.Why is proficiency stressed in language testing?

A.To make the test more difficult.

B.To get learners to learn textbooks well.

C.To test learners’speaking ability.

D.To test learners’ real ability to use the language.

4.Which words can best describe the new English tests?

A. More accurate but easier.

B.Less practical but harder.

C. Better but harder.

D.Less popular but easier.

Tu Youyou, the 85-year-old Chinese pharmacologist(药理学家),received the Nobel Prize for medicine in Stockholm on December 10,2015. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology(生理学)or medicine. Also, in 2011, she became the first Chinese person to receive the US-based Lasker Award for clinical medicine.

Based on a fourth-century Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) text, together with her team, she managed to get artemisinin(青蒿素)from sweet wormwood through trial and error and developed an important drug that has significantly reduced death rates among patients suffering from malaria. Tu delivered a speech titled Artemisinin is a Gift from TCM to the World. She has urged more research into the benefits of traditional Chinese medicine and called for joint efforts worldwide to fight against malaria and develop more potential uses for TCM, which she called a "great treasure" with thousands of years' history and empirical knowledge. She said that by combining TCM with modem scientific technologies, "more potential can be discovered in searching for new drugs " .

According to the WHO, more than 240 million people in sub-Saharan Africa have benefited from artemisinin, and more than l. 5 million lives are estimated to have been saved since 2000 thanks to the drug. Apart from its contribution to the global fight against malaria, TCM played a vital role in the deadly outbreak of SARS across China in 2003.

Besides treating viruses, TCM has been most effective in diagnosing diseases, cultivating fitness, treating difficult multisource illnesses, and using nonmedical methods such as acupuncture (钟刺疗法) and breathing exercises.

However, TCM, which is based on a set of beliefs about human biology, is seldom understood or accepted by the West. Tu's success will bring more recognition and respect for TCM, experts say. The Western world should learn to appreciate the value of the treasures of TCM, which will lead to more basic scientific research into ancient TCM texts and ways to explore research findings worldwide.

1.In this passage the author mentions _ prize( s) that Tu Youyou received.

A. one B. two C. three D. four

2.The underlined word "malaria" in Paragraph 2 refers to "a kind of ".

A. medicine B. animal. C. plant D. disease

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A. This success may encourage Easterners to learn more about Chinese medicine.

B. Nothing remains to be done in researching into TCM theories and texts.

C. More research into the value of TCM should be carried out worldwide.

D. TCM only contributes to the fight against malaria and SARS in China.

4.What's the passage mainly about?

A. TCM is based on thousands of years of practice in China.

B. Nobel winner, Tu Youyou, strongly supports TCM research.

C. Artemisinin is now widely used to fight against Malaria.

D. Westerners will appreciate the value of the treasures of TCM.

People are being tricked into Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up loads of personal information.

Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Facebook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.

The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules early on you keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook. You could create your own little private network. Last year. The company changed its privacy rules so that many things; your city, your photo, your friends’ names were set, by default (默认)to be shared with everyone on the Internet.

According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information. They have a “less satisfying experience.

Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them. At the side of the pages totally, who wants to look at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends?

The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.

I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning,which is why I’m considering cancelling my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t know. That’s too high a price to pay.

1.What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?

A. It is a website that sends messages to users who want to get married.

B. It earns money by putting on advertisements.

C. It makes money by selling its users’ personal data.

D. It provides loads of information to its users.

2.What does the author say about most Facebook users?

A. They are unwilling to give up their personal information.

B. They don’t know their personal data enriches Facebook.

C. They don’t identify themselves when using the website.

D. They care very little about their personal information.

3. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?

A. To provide better service to its users.

B. To obey the Federal guidelines.

C. To improve its users’ connection

D. To expand its business.

4. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?

A. He is dissatisfied with its present service.

B. He finds many of its users untrustworthy.

C. He doesn’t want his personal data badly used.

D. He is upset by its frequent rule changes.

There’s a case to be made, from things like Google search figures, that Robert Frost’s poem The Road Not Taken – you know, the one about two paths diverging (分开) in a wood – is the most popular in modern history. Yet people still can’t agree what it means. On the surface, it’s a fridge-magnet cliché (陈词滥调) on the importance of taking risks and choosing the road less travelled. But many argue it slyly mocks (暗讽) that American belief in the individual’s power to determine his or her future. After all, the poet admits that both paths look roughly similarly well-travelled. And how could he be sure he took the right one? He’ll never know where the other leads. Looking back at our life histories, we tell ourselves we faced important dilemmas and chose wisely. But maybe only because it’s too awful to admit we’re stumbling (跌跌撞撞地走) mapless among the trees, or that our choices don’t make much difference.

Two psychologists, Karalyn Enz and Jennifer Talarico, throw light on these matters in a new study with a title that nods to Frost: Forks In The Road. They sought to clarify how people think about “turning points” versus “transitions” in life. A turning point, by their definition, is a moment that changes your future – deciding to leave a job or marriage, say – but often isn’t visible from the outside, at least at first. “Transitions” involve big external changes: going to university, marrying, emigrating (迁出). Sometimes the two go together, as when you move to a new place and realize it’s where you belong. (“New Yorkers are born all over the country,” Delia Ephron said, “and then they come to New York and it hits them: oh, that’s who I am.”) But it’s turning points we remember as most significant, Enz and Talarico conclude, whether or not they also involve transitions.

The distinction is useful: it underlines how the most outwardly obvious life changes aren’t always those with the biggest impact. Hence the famous “focusing illusion”, which describes how we exaggerate (夸大) the importance of a single factor on happiness: you switch jobs, or spouses, only to discover you brought the same troublesome old you to the new situation. Before it became a joke, “midlife crisis” referred to a turning point that happens because your circumstances don’t change, when your old life stops feeling meaningful. Turning points can be caused by mundane (世俗的) things – the offhand remark that makes you realize you’re in the wrong life – or by nothing at all.

1.Why do some people think the poem makes fun of the American belief?

A. Because the two roads are more or less similar in the poet’s view.

B. Because Americans believe they can decide their future themselves.

C. Because Americans can find their way easily in a forest just with a map.

D. Because Americans surely know which road to take without consideration.

2.Which of the following can be considered as a transition?

A. Your experience of midlife crisis.

B. Your choice of the road to take.

C. Your decision to travel abroad.

D. Your move into a new flat.

3.What can we infer from this passage?

A. Turning points involving transitions are often remembered as most significant.

B. The biggest impact is often characterized with obvious outside changes.

C. A fundamental change is often affected by more than one single factor.

D. We can rid ourselves of the unpleasant past with the change of a job.

4.What’s the best title of the passage?

A. Is our fate in our own hands?

B. Must people make changes in life?

C. Should we choose the road less travelled?

D. Are turning points connected with transitions?

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