题目内容

Clive Roberts，a director at ELS Educational Services，says English tests are changing greatly in response to the global growth in the use of English as a lingua franca— the common language used among people with different native languages．For that reason，a lot of new tests are being developed while old tests are being improved to meet the needs of universities and employers worldwide.

Changes in language testing

“A lot of tests are now delivered online，all four skills are being tested，in some cases，by computer，in particular speaking and writing skills，which are the most difficult to assess on a computer environment，”says Mr.Roberts.

Computer testing will reduce the length of time required for testing，because the tests adjust to the test-taker’s ability．These computer-adaptive tests also increase accuracy in scoring．Computer-adaptive tests change depending on the test-taker’s responses．They can become more or less difficult during the testing session．For this reason，the set of correct answers will be different for each test-taker．

Cultural sensitivity

Another change to language testing relates to cultural sensitivity．The term refers to material on a test that is based on a certain culture or is hard for test-takers from different cultures to understand．

Mr．Roberts says test development companies are now hiring people with intercultural communication backgrounds to review test items．The companies want to make sure the test does not upset test-takers．

Proficiency(精通程度)in language

Changes to English proficiency tests make them better at measuring the learners’ ability．However，Mr．Roberts says the changes may mean the tests are more difficult for some students．

“The tests have become more proficiency-oriented．The items are being designed in such a way that they test real-world proficiency and not simply sort of an artificial environment or a specific set of skills that are taught in a classroom．So a lot of authentic texts，a lot of authentic listening passages are being used．”

The changes mean students have to be able to understand English the way it is used in everyday life， not just in textbooks．

1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined words“a lingua franca”in Paragraph l?

A． a universal language B．a second language

C．a native language D．a mother tongue

2.Which of the following is true about online English tests?

A．Listening is more difficult to be tested online than speaking．

B．Online English tests need more time．

C．Online English tests make scoring more accurate．

D．Online English tests are more difficult．

3.Why is proficiency stressed in language testing?

A．To make the test more difficult．

B．To get learners to learn textbooks well．

C．To test learners’speaking ability．

D．To test learners’ real ability to use the language．

4.Which words can best describe the new English tests?

A． More accurate but easier．

B．Less practical but harder．

C． Better but harder．

D．Less popular but easier．

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相关题目

Children whose minds wander might have sharper brains, a research suggests.

A study has found that people who appear to be often distracted (走神) have more “working memory”, giving them the ability to hold a lot of information in their heads and control it cleverly.

Children at school need this type of memory on a daily basis for a variety of tasks, such as following teachers’ instructions or remembering dictated (听写的) sentences. During the study, volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering. At the end, volunteers measured their working memory capacity (容量) by their ability to remember a series of letters mixed with simple maths questions.

Daniel Levinson, a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States, said that those with higher working memory capacity reported “more mind wandering during these simple tasks”, but their performance did not suffer.

The results, published online in the journal Psychological Science, appear to confirm former research that found working memory allows humans to deal with multiple thoughts at the same time.

Dr Jonathan Smallwood, of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science in Leipzig, Germany, said, “What this study seems to suggest is that, when surroundings for the task aren’t very difficult, people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they’re doing.”

Working memory capacity is also associated with general measures of intelligence, such as reading comprehension and IQ scores. Dr Smallwood added: “Our results suggest the sorts of planning that people do quite often in daily life – when they are on the bus, when they are cycling to work, when they are in the shower – are probably supported by working memory.”

1.During the study, the researchers asked the volunteers to _______.

A. solve some difficult maths problems

B. retell some dictated sentences

C. follow the teacher’s instructions

D. carry out one simple task

2.The underlined word “suffer” in the fourth paragraph probably means _______.

A. become worse B. settle down

C. experience pain D. run out

3.According to the study, working memory _______.

A. prevents people from remembering dictated sentences

B. causes people’s minds to wander more easily

C. allows people to consider more things at the same time

D. leads to people’s worse performance during work

4.What’s the text mainly about?

A. How the working memory works in the daily life.

B. Wandering minds might have brighter brains.

C. Why people’s minds wander while working.

D. Working ability can be improved by wandering minds.

From the top of Renhuang Mountain, we can have a better _________ of the whole Huzhou City.

A. sight B. scene C. scenery D. view

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Those who believe that they will never do well in a particular area probably never will. Those who believe they are not good at ________ will forever feel unprepared. But those who believe that it is ________ to succeed at what they attempt can surprise themselves.

Adam was ready to ________. His wife Anna, however, was less ________ . As she explained to a friend,” Adam has________ done anything that required physical strength. When he retires, he will sit in his easy chair and ________ me to bring him his food.”

But to Anna’s ________ , soon after her husband retired, he ________ a health club. Arriving home from exercise class one night, he announced,”I ________ for the wrestling tournament. I am going to ________ Friday night.” Anna was shocked. “Please don’t do it., Adam. You’re not in ________ . You will be so beat up that they will have to carry you home!” ________ , he couldn’t be persuaded and she told him that if he wanted really to do it, she was not going to watch.

________ to her word, she stayed away as Adam wrestled. And just as she ________ , two men carried Adam home. He ________ down on the bed, every muscle pained and wounded. ________ she could speak, he cried out,” Don’t say a(n) ________ , Anna! This is not the worst of it. I________tonight. I have to wrestle again tomorrow night!”

Nothing ________ in your life until you believe you can do things that are important to you. And if you have a low ________ of yourself, nobody else is likely to raise it.

1.A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything

2.A. possible B. vital C. impossible D. important

3.A. travel B. retire C. resign D. leave

4.A. confident B. negative C. enthusiastic D. elegant

5.A. always B. often C. again D. never

6.A. expect B. warn C. invite D. urge

7.A. sorrow B. surprise C. delight D. relief

8.A. owned B. founded C. supported D. joined

9.A. signed up B. made up C. took up D. came up

10.A. prepare B. exercise C. wrestle D. consult

11.A. place B. shape C. trouble D. practice

12.A. Anyhow B. Moreover C. Therefore D. However

13.A. True B. Exact C. Opposite D. Relevant

14.A. advised B. promised C. predicted D. designed

15.A. settled B. lay C. sat D. laid

16.A. When B. After C. Before D. Until

17.A. plan B. idea C. goal D. word

18.A. lost B. won C. gained D. performed

19.A. changes B. happens C. recovers D. reacts

20.A. talent B. doubt C. opinion D. suggestion

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每旬中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个灞字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉，

修改：在惜的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意： 1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I'm from Detroit in the United States, and during his senior year in high school I win a scholarship to study the singing during the summer in London. When I went there, I stayed in someone's home. The people were very sweetly, and it was a really fun summer. I got the inside view of that it's like to live there. I loved it, but I have to say, one thing that surprising me was that you had to go to such many different stores to do your shopping. There are also a lot of differences in the language. They said thing like ”ring you up” instead of “give you a call." It took me a little while figure out these differences， because it was fun.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Have you ever lived abroad? When living overseas in a place where people speak a different language, 1. can be difficult to make yourself understood even in 2. （relative） simple but important areas of life, like shopping and getting around town. It can be really upset trying to ask for something in a store or to tell the taxi driver 3. you are going.

Sometimes you may be at a 4. (lose) as to what to do; sometimes you are certain that people understand you 5. are just pretending that they don’t, and other times they make a very 6. (consider) effort to communicate with you.

You should also be prepared to make changes in the diet and get accustomed to 7. local foods and the limited selection of familiar foods in the stores and restaurants. You may not have the nice variety of very large grocery stores you had back home.

Besides, you will experience some stress and anxiety 8. you are living in a different culture with different values 9. your own. You may find that some of your cherished and deeply 10. (hold) values about life may not equally important to members of your new host culture.

短文改错：

下面短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分

Last Sunday my father and I went fishing along a river. We found the water very dirty that we could hardly catch any fish in it. A lot of factories along the river always poured their waste water and rubbish straightly into the river, which made the river polluting. In this way most of the fish in the river was killed. Unless the rivers all over the country are polluted like this, no living things will be exist in the water. As we all know, environmental pollution do great harm to living things and human beings. Now more and more people have come to realize what serious this problem is. Our government is doing her best to take measure to fight against pollution. We expect that water in every river will be made cleaner and cleaner before long.

Let’s ______my scientific knowledge and your business skills and start a company.

A. connect B. relate C. combine D. put

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中．选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Many years ago, I went to ________ my mother from work in the afternoon. I got there a little early so I parked the car by the road and waited for her.

As I looked outside the car window to my right, there was a small park where I ________ a little boy, around one and a half to two years old, ________ freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short distance. The boy had a big smile on his face _________ he had just been set free from some sort of prison. The boy would then fall to the grass, get up, and without ________ or without looking back at his mother, run as fast as he could, again, still with a smile on his face. It seemed ________ had happened!

For kids, ________ at an early age, when they fall down, they don't regard their falling down as a ________ ;instead, they treat it as a learning experience. They feel compelled to try and try again until they succeed. The answer must be that they have not ________ "falling down" with the word "failure" yet, thus they don' t know how to feel the state which accomparues failure. Therefore, they are not _________ in any way. In addition, they probably think to themselves that it's perfectly okay to fall down, and that it's not wrong to do so. ________ , they give themselves permission to make mistakes. Thus they remain energetic.

Touched as I was by the boy's ________ , I was equally touched by the manner in which he ran. With each attempt, he looked so ________ and natural. No ________ of fear and nervousness.

His only aim was to run freely and to do it as ________ as he could. He was just being a child-just being himself - being completely in the moment. He was not looking for ________ or was not worrying about whether someone was ________ or not. He wasn't concerned about being judged. He didn't seem to be bothered by the fact that maybe someone would see him fall ( as there were others in the park apart from him and his mother) and that it would be ________ if he did fall. No, all that ________ to him was to accomplish the task or activity at hand to the best of his ability. To run and to feel the experience of running fully and freely. I ________ a lot from that observation and experience, and have successfully brought that lesson with me in my many pursuits in life.

1.A. take up B. pick up C. bring up D. look up

2.A. realized B. understood C. saw D. helped

3.A. marching B. walking C. running D. moving

4.A. even if B. only if C. if only D. as if

5.A. hesitation B. competition C. situation D. motivation

6.A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing

7.A. especially B. specially C. generally D. normally

8.A. success B. failure C. shame D. pity

9.A. announced B. abandoned C. assumed D. associated

10.A. encouraged B. shocked C. discouraged D. excited

11.A. In other words B. In conclusion C. For another D. On the contrary

12.A. faith B. honesty C. persistence D. loyalty

13.A. upset B. calm C. enthusiastic D. confident

14.A. symbols B. signs C. signals D. marks

15.A. effectively B. imaginatively C. relatively D. negatively

16.A. explanation B. approval C. curiosity D. opinion

17.A. listening B. glaring C. watching D. enjoying

18.A. embarrassing B. amazing C. confusing D. thrilling

19.A. referred B. came C. contributed D. mattered

20.A. won B. learned C. made D. knew

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