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Sometimes willpoweris a lot like the television remote control hard to findjust when you want it most£®1. But there are waysto increase your willpower£®

Don¡¯t try to change your economic situation£¬win a promotion and lose weight all on the same morning£®Setone clear£¬specific goaland make a realistic plan toachieve it. Extrawillpower sometimes requires extra energy£¬so don¡¯t spread yourself too thin£®2.

Whatever your goal is£¬don¡¯texpect to achieveit overnight£®3. £¬If you are trying to kick a coffee habit£¬start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water,instead of promising never to drink coffee again£®Congratulateyourself on the small achievements£®These successes help your willpower grow£®

4. Ask friends£¬family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help£®If your credit card bills have risen£¬for instance£¬let friends now that you are cutting back on expenses£®Suggest havinga common dinner instead of meetingat an expensive restaurant£®Find support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meeting£®Youcan get valuableadvice,understanding and information£®

If possible£¬change your environment to encourage positive behavior£®Want to get in shape?Keep a set of workout clothesinyour office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home. Quitting smoking? 5.

A£®Real success takes time£®

B£®Focus on one goat at atime£®

C£®Change your environment to change your life£®

D£®Improve your willpower by a support network£®

E£®Changing your behavior requires more than willpower£®

F£®Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up£®

G£®Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficult£®

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Parents usually go to malls to find new school supplies for their children. One of the most important things to get during this time is the backpack. Most students choose to bring a backpack because it allows them to have both hands free. This makes the bag less likely to hinder (·Á°­)other activities that the person carrying it may be doing at the same time. Here are the ways parents can choose the perfect backpack for school.

How many books will children be carrying to school? How many notebooks should be inside the bag? Parents should know these details before buying a bag for their children. Each situation requires a different bag so it pays to ask children about the expected load.

Do children need special storage for the bag? If they will be carrying a laptop computer inside the new backpack£¬make sure that parents get a model that¡¯s designed specifically for laptop use. This will protect the computer from bumps and falls that might damage the device if it had less protection.

Are children going to use the bag for a long time? If they want to use a bag for a long time£¬parents will be better off investing in a good brand that is known for quality. Parents may have to pay extra cash to get the top of the line and the best backpack in the market.

Count the pockets. Backpacks usually come with a lot of pockets£¬and generally£¬the more pockets£¬the better. This allows children to organize their things£¬like pens and pencils inside small pockets.

Picking the perfect school backpack is all about getting the sweet compromise (ÕÛÖУ©between form£¬function and price. Remember to choose the best fit for children¡¯s needs.

1.Why do most students like bringing a backpack?

A. Because it looks beautiful.

B. Because it¡¯s a duty for them to bring it.

C. Because they can put all the books into it.

D. Because it helps them do other activities freely.

2. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A. Parents should find out how many books their children have.

B. Parents must ask teachers for help before buying a backpack.

C. Parents should know the weight of things that will go inside the backpack.

D. Parents must ask their children¡¯s requirements when buying a backpack.

3. The underlined word ¡°bumps¡± in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to¡° ¡±.

A. knocks B. jumps C. stands D. beats

4.Which of the following can we know from the text?

A. Picking a backpack is very easy to do.

B. It¡¯s better for children to have a backpack that has more pockets.

C. The backpacks that have a good brand are more popular with children.

D. Parents always feel worried when buying a backpack for their children.

Sleep deprivation(ȱʧ)is an important hidden factor in lowering the achievement of school pupils, according to researchers carrying out international education tests.

It is a particular problem in richer countries with sleep experts linking it to the use of mobile phones and computers in bedroom late at night. Sleep deprivation is such a serious problem that lessons have to be dragged down to a lower level to suit sleep-deprived learners, the study found. The international comparison, carried out by Boston College, found the United States to have the highest number of sleep-deprived students, with 73% of 9- and 10-year-olds and 80% of 13- and 14-year-olds identified by their teachers as being negatively affected.

In literacy(¶ÁдÄÜÁ¦) tests there were 76% of 9- and 10-year-olds lacking sleep. This was much higher than the international average of 47% of primary pupils needing more sleep and 57% among the secondary age group.

Other countries with the most sleep-deprived youngsters were New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Australia, England, Ireland and France. High-performing Finland is also among the most lacking in sleep. Countries with the best records for getting enough sleep include Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Japan and Malta.

The analysis was part of the huge date-gathering process for global education rankings, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study(TIMSS)and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study(PIRLS)

¡°I think we underestimate the impact of sleep. Our data show that across countries internationally, on average, children who have more sleep achieve higher in maths, science and reading. That is exactly what our data show,¡± says Chad Minnich of the TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center.

¡°It¡¯s the same link for children who are lacking basic nutrition,¡± says Mr Minnich, based at the Lynch School of Education, Boston College. ¡°If you are unable to concentrate, to attend mentally, you are unable to achieve at your best level, because your mind and body are in need of something more basic. Sleep is a fundamental need for all children. If teachers report such large proportions of children suffering from lack of sleep, it¡¯s having a significant impact. But worse than that, teachers are having to adjust their instruction based on those children who are suffering from a lack of sleep. The children who are suffering from a lack of sleep are driving down instruction.¡±

That means that even the children who are getting enough sleep are still suffering from this sleep-related lowering.

1. What did the researchers of Boston College try to find?

A. Why children don¡¯t get enough sleep

B. How many hours children sleep every night

C. The relationship between sleep and test results

D. The relationship between sleep and health

2.Many children suffer from sleep deprivation because _________.

A. they sit in front of the TV for too long

B. they can hardly sleep soundly and deeply

C. their homework occupies too much of their time

D. modern technological devices consume a lot of their time

3.Which of the following countries has the most sleep-deprived students?

A. Japan B. Malta

C. Finland D. Portugal

4.Why are children who get enough sleep also victims?

A. Because they are disturbed by sleep-deprived students

B. Because teaching is driven down by sleep-deprived students

C. Because they have to spend time helping sleep-deprived students

D. Because the teachers waste time disciplining sleep-deprived students

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