题目内容

Vitamin B could help reduce the effects of the dangerous type of air pollution, according to a new study published on Monday. In the first study of its kind, a team of international researchers looked into the damage caused by one of the pollutants that have the severest impact on health—PM2.5.

They found that Vitamin B supplement could effectively reduce the impact of the tiny particles (颗粒)on the human body, although they stressed that the research was in its early stages. According to the WHO, 92% of the world's people are living in places where the PM2.5 level goes beyond the recommended level. So it’s urgent to find a solution to the problem.

According to this study, published in the PNAS, 10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo (安慰剂)to check their baseline responses. The group then kept on taking placebos tor tour weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from downtown Toronto, where an estimated 1,000 cars passed every hour. The bad air was delivered to the volunteers through an "oxygen type" face mask. The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a Vitamin B supplement daily, made up of 2.5mg of folic acid, 50mg of Vitamin B6, and l mg of Vitamin B12.

Vitamin B6 can be found in liver, chicken, nuts and other things, and Vitamin B12 in fish, meat, eggs, milk and some cereals. The researchers found that four weeks of Vitamin B supplements — the damage of PM2.5 effects by 28-76%. The results emphasized how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight against the damage of PM2.5, the researchers said.

1.What's the newly discovered effect of Vitamin B in Paragraph 1?

A. It can be used to replace other vitamins in our daily life.

B. It can help lower the air pollution level in the open air.

C. It can reduce the impact of PM2.5 on human bodies.

D. It can get rid of the pollutants remaining in our body.

2.What can be learned from the second paragraph?

A. Further study about the effect of Vitamin B needs to be done.

B. Vitamin B is the most important to human's health.

C. The tiny particles in the air are made up of PM2.5.

D. 92% of the world's people are affected by PM2.5.

3.How did researchers draw the new conclusion about Vitamin B?

A. By referring to a journal. B. By performing experiments.

C. By interviewing scientists. D. By comparing vitamins.

4.You may read the passage on a website about .

A. environment B. medicine

C. education D. health

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"Sorry,but I don't agree with you ..."This is usually followed by unbearable silence and angry tears.I've always found it difficult to disagree with someone,because I don't want to lose a friend.I've found it even harder to accept it when someone disagrees with me,because my ego(自尊心)is hurt.

Before the other person gets a chance to explain why she disagrees with me,my usual response would be,"If you aren't able to see my point of view,then what you think isn't worth my time or consideration,either."But now I've come to realize that when a friend disagrees with me,sometimes she is simply saying,"I don't agree with the way things are done."She still respects me as a person,and is only pointing out a better way to look at a matter.However, there may be times when my friend disagrees with me because I'm against the truth.That's when need to listen to what she says.

I've learned that one way to help my friend is for me to be open and honest with the other to voice my thoughts and listen to the other carefully.While we can't control how a person will respond to our views,we must learn to disagree with our friends in love.We will never feel that we are better than the other person.And that will help us to be less emotional,and more objective in the way we express our opinions.In the same way,we can also stay open to feedback(反馈)from others,knowing that our friends may be correcting us in love.

Good friendships build each other up,sometimes through disagreements and honest opinions.Though I don't like being disagreed with,I'm starting to see the value of such disagreements.

1.The author has found it difficult to disagree with someone because .

A. he is a friendly person B. he usually hides his ideas

C. he has no mind of his own D. he wants to keep the friendship

2.When a friend disagreed with him,the author used to .

A. be unhappy B. argue with the friend

C. break up with the friend D. explain things calmly

3.The author will listen to a friend when .

A. he is against the truth B. he doesn't tell the truth

C. he is respected by a friend D. he does things in the wrong way

4.What does the author mainly talk about in the text?

A. How to keep friendship. B. How to avoid hurting a friend.

C. How to express disagreements. D. How to deal with disagreements.

Do you still remember the haze(雾霾)in the winter? So many people got terribly ill during or after the haze. 1.Here is advice for you to protect yourself in hazy weather.

Spend less time outdoors.This is the most effective way for self-protection in such bad weather.With PM2.5 increasing 103mg per cubic meter,residents will risk a 2.29% increase of death,which experts found out in 2012.If you have to get out,avoid riding bicycles.2.

Close your windows.Experts advice residents to avoid opening windows at home.If you have to ,avoid the time when smog is at its densest(浓的).3.Besides,you can keep plants with broad leaves at home to absorb dust,and use air purifiers(清洁器).

Smoke less.4.In hazy weather,smoking would be even more harmful.Smokers are advised to keep their distance from cigarettes before the weather gets better.

5.For example ,wear special masks outside to avoid breathing in PM2.5.Then take off your coat after getting indoors and keep it away from your other clean clothes,Don’t forget to wash your face,rinse(漱)your mouth,and clean your nasal cavity(鼻腔)to clean the particulate matters(颗粒物)that fall on you.Last but not least,keep off stimulating(刺激性)foods.

A.Wear masks.

B.Pay attention to other daily things.

C.Also avoid rush hours,when pollutants will be denser.

D.That’s because haze does harm to the health of people.

E.Cigarettes could cause more particulate matters,which are included in PM2.5 .

F.Take more fruits and vegetables instead,which are good for lung,spleen(脾)and kidney(肾).

G.For residents who use air-conditioner,make sure your apartment has enough oxygen indoors.

One day, I was teaching my daughter how to paint. I saw that a lot of her energy went into______her brush into the paint, and then into a bowl of water. But then most of the paint that was on the______would just disappear in the water. As an______ mother, I was thinking, “I am trying to teach you how to paint on paper and what are you doing? This is not what you are ______to do. You have to do this way.”

But she is three years old so she is probably not going to______doing it the right way. She had so much______dipping the brush in the paint and in the water bowl. Pretty much within an hour, most of the paint was all over the room and I just sat there with my hands______my head thinking, “Oh my god, this girl is hopeless.” Soon after, however, she shouted, “Mama, when I______pink and blue, it turns purple!”

I was surprised.______I was thinking that she was wasting perfectly good paint and paper, she______learned something. What would have been a very theoretical(理论的) experiment turned into a very______experiment.

I am a designer and work with software like Photoshop and Illustrator. When my daughter sees me work on the______, she is always very curious and she wants to work with me on the same thing that I do. She starts to______with buttons, and in that process, sometimes lands up______me things! There will be many times when she will find______new. I will ask her______, and she will tell me, “I pressed this, and I pressed this, and then this happened.”

One of the things I realized from this is that everyone has a(n)______way of learning things. When I was growing up, I______to literature very well, so everything that was turned into a story became my way of learning and______ different concepts. Some kids understand through art, some understand through math and games, and it’s the job of a parent or a teacher to watch and______how children learn and try their best to make these experiences educational.

1.A. dipping B. throwing C. breaking D. sweeping

2.A. plate B. brush C. paper D. bowl

3.A. optimistic B. impatient C. energetic D. independent

4.A. supposed B. allowed C. intended D. tricked

5.A. keep B. consider C. bother D. remember

6.A. regret B. fun C. disappointment D. trouble

7.A. beside B. over C. below D. on

8.A. add B. combine C. mix D. take

9.A. While B. Because C. If D. Before

10.A. accidentally B. immediately C. fortunately D. actually

11.A. interesting B. practical C. beneficial D. novel

12.A. phone B. desk C. computer D. calculator

13.A. mess B. cooperate C. go D. live

14.A. telling B. awarding C. teaching D. giving

15.A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything

16.A. when B. why C. where D. how

17.A. different B. effective C. quick D. strange

18.A. stuck B. referred C. related D. turned

19.A. accepting B. using C. appreciating D. understanding

20.A. disturb B. teach C. respect D. discover

Three Simple Ways to Make Exercise a Habit

A lot of people want to build an exercise habit that sticks. Of course, wanting to make exercise a habit and actually doing it are two different things. Changing your behavior is difficult. Living a new type of lifestyle is hard. This is especially true when you throw in very personal feelings about body image and self-worth. 1. Here are three simple ways to make exercise a habit.

Develop a ritual to make starting easier.

Habits are behaviors that you repeat over and over again, which means they are also behaviors that you start over and over again. 2. In many ways, building new habits is simply an exercise in getting started time after time.

3.

The best way to make exercise a habit is to start with an exercise that is so easy that you can do it even when you are running low on willpower and motivation. In the words of an expert, start with something that is so easy you can't say no.

Focus on the habit first and the results later.

4. Most people start with some type of goal. This is the wrong approach. It's better to focus on the system rather than the goal. What matters most in the beginning is establishing a new normal and building you will stick to; not the results that you get. In other words, in the first 6 months it is more important to not miss workouts than it is to make progress. 5.

A. Exercise even when you're “too tired”.

B. Start with an exercise that is ridiculously small.

C. The typical approach to diet and exercise is to focus on results first.

D. It is more important not to miss taking exercise than to make progress.

E. In other words, if you don't consistently get started, then you won't have a habit.

F. Both there are some strategies that can make it easier to stick with an exercise habit.

G. Once you become the type of person who doesn’t miss workouts, then you can worry about making progress and improving.

America’s Best National Parks

Pacific: Yosemite National Park, California

Closest city: Oakland, Calif. (3.5-hour drive)

This Golden State treasure has thick forests and rock formations like the Half Dome—a naturalist’s dream in winter, spring, summer or fall. “Anytime of year, it’s such an important park,” says Patricia Schultz, author of 1000 Places to See Before you Die. She recommends taking a tour with a naturalist guide to learn about the reintroduction of wolves into the park.

Pacific: Denali National Park, Alaska

Closest city: Fairbanks, Alaska (two-hour drive)

Denali National Park includes the towering Mt. McKinley. At 20,320 feet, it’s America’s tallest peak. “But the park’s real glory is the wildlife viewing in a setting that is vast, terrific and pristine(原始的),” says Schultz.

West: Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming.

Closest city: Jackson, Wyo. (45-minute drive)

Home to ski paradise Jackson Hole, the Grand Tetons offer a charming Wild West view in any season. Schultz especially likes the park for its cross-country skiing and wildlife sighting opportunities.

East: Acadia National Park, Maine

Closest city: Bangor, Maine (45-minute drive)

A former haunt(消磨时光的去处) of an older generation of America’s wealthiest, this stretch of coastline once played host to Rockefeller, Astor and Vanderbilt. Easy hiking trails(小道) lead through forests dotted with small lakes.

1.Half Dome is probably the name of _________.

A. a city B. a forest

C. a national park D. a rock formation

2.According to Schultz, the best thing to do in Denali National Park is ________.

A. watching wild animals B. walking in the forests

C. climbing the mountains D. enjoying pristine scenery

3.What’s special about Acadia National Park?

A. It is very close to the city. B. It has a wide variety of forests.

C. It is in the east of the U.S. D. It attracted many famous rich people.

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