Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt Polly. He looked at it, and all joy left him. The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. He repeated the operation. He felt he could not continue and sat down.

He knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day. They would walk past him and laugh. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. The thought burned him like fire.

He put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owned. Perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. But there was nothing of value in his pockets —nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. So he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the idea. At this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.

While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. As he walked along, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he said “Ding-Dong-Dong”, “Ding-Dong-Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he made other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he stopped.

Tom went on whitewashing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stared a moment and then said: “Hello! I’m going swimming, but you can’t go, can you?”

No answer. Tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. Ben came nearer. Tom’s mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working.

Ben said, “Hello, old fellow, you’ve got to work, hey?”

Tom turned suddenly and said, “Why, it’s you, Ben! I wasn’t noticing.”

“Say —I’m going swimming. Don’t you wish you could? But of course you’d rather work — wouldn’t you? Of course you would.”

Tom looked at the boy a bit, and said “What do you call work?”

“Why, isn’t that work?”? Tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.

“Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn’t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.”

“Oh come, now, you don’t mean to say that you like it?”? The brush continued to move.

“Like it? Well, I don’t see why I shouldn’t like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?”

Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon he said,

“Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little.”

Tom thought for a moment, was about to agree; but he changed his mind.

“No —no —it won’t do, Ben. You see, Aunt Polly wants this fence to be perfect. It has got to be done very carefully. I don’t think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough.”

“No —is that so? Oh come, now —let me just try. Only just a little.” “Ben, I’d like to, but if it isn’t done right, I’m afraid Aunt Polly … ”

“Oh, I’ll be careful. Now let me try. Say —I’ll give you the core of? my apple.”

“Well, here —No, Ben, now don’t. I’m afraid …”

“I’ll give you all of it.”

Tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. There were enough boys. Each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, Tom sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought in for a dead rat —and so on, hour after hour. And when the middle of the afternoon came, Tom had won many treasures.

And he had not worked. He had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company and the fence had been whitewashed three times. If he hadn’t run out of whitewash, Tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends.

He had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get.

1.Why did Tom take all his bits of toys out of his pockets?

A. Because he is tired and wanted to play with his toys.

B. Because he wanted to throw his toys away.

C. Because he wanted to give his toys to his friends.

D. Because he wanted to know if he could buy help with his toys.

2.Tom was about to agree to let Ben whitewash when he changed his mind because ____________.

A. Tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himself

B. Tom planned to make Ben give up his apple first

C. Tom was unwilling to let Ben do the whitewashing

D. Tom was afraid Ben would do the whitewashing better.

3.What made Ben Rogers eagerly gave up his apple and offer to brush the fence for Tom?

A. His warm heart and kindness to friends.?????????????

B. His curiosity about Tom’s brushing job.

C. Tom’s threat.????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ?????????????

D. Aunt Polly’s idea.

4.Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?

A. The Happy Whitewasher ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ?????????????

B. Tom And His Fellows

C. Whitewashing A Fence????????????? ????????????? ? ????????????? ????????????? ?????????????

D. How To Make The Things Difficult To Get

 

An old problem is getting new attention in the United States—bullyingRecent cases included the tragic case of a fifteen-year-old girl whose family moved from IrelandShe hanged herself in Massachusetts in January following months of bullyingHer parents criticized her school for failing to protect herOfficials have brought criminal charges against several teenagers

Judy Kaczynski is president of an anti-bullying group called Bully Police USAHer daughter Tina was the victim of severe bullying starting in middle school in the state of MinnesotaShe said, "Our daughter was a very outgoing childShe was a bubbly personality, very involved in all kinds of things, had lots of friendsAnd over a period of time her grades fell completelyShe started having health issuesShe couldn't sleepShe wasn't eatingShe had terrible stomach painsShe started clenching her jaw and grinding her teeth at nightShe didn't want to go to school"

Bullying is defined as negative behavior repeated over time against the same person It can involve physical violenceOr it can be verbal — for example, insults or threatsSpreading lies about someone or excluding a person from a group is known as social or relational bullying

And now there is cyberbullying, which uses the Internet, e-mail or text messagesIt has easy appeal for the bully because it does not involve face-to-face contact and it can be done at any time

The first serious research studies into bullying were done in Norway in the late 1970sThe latest government study in the United States was released last yearIt found that about one-third of students age twelve to eighteen were bullied at school

Susan Sweater is a psychologist at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and co-director of the Bullying Research NetworkShe says schools should treat bullying as a mental health problem to get bullies and victims the help they needShe says bullying is connected to depression, anxiety and anti-social behavior, and bullies are often victims themselves

1.From the case of Tina, we can know that???????????

Abullying is rare????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ??????????? Bvictims suffered a lot

Cschools are to blame????????????? ????????????? ??????????? Dpersonalities are related

2.Which of the following is NOT bullying?

ATo beat someone repeatedly????????????? ?????????????

BTo call someone names

CTo isolate someone from friends????????????? ???

DTo refuse to help someone in need

3.Why is cyberbullying appealing to the bully?

ABecause it can involve more people?????????????

BBecause it can create worse effects

CBecause it is more convenient????????????? ?????????????

DBecause it can avoid cheating

4.According to Susan Sweater,??????????

Abullies are anti-social????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ???

Bbullies should give victims help

Cstudents are not equally treated????????????? ???

Dbullies themselves also need help

5.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?

ABullying—Old Irish Girl Committed Suicide?

B15-Year-Old Irish Girl Committed Suicide

CCyberbullying-Taking Off in Schools????????????? ?

DHow to Find Bullying among Teens

 

Below is a discussion on a website.

 

http://www.TalkingPoints.com/

Stuck on a desert island?

Started on 23rd April by Steve Posts 1 – 7 of 42

Post 1

Steve

USA

Hi, everyone. What would you miss most and least if you were stuck on a desert island? For me, it would be the changing seasons in New England. I guess this will sound stupid but I’d probably miss the rain, too. I wouldn’t miss getting up at six every day to go to work, though! What about you?

Post 2

Tomas

Germany

Good question. Steve, I think I’d miss different types of bread, and shopping at the supermarket. I’d miss the food most. What would I miss least? My mobile phone---I’d like to be completely quiet --- at least for a little while

Post 3

Paola

Italy

I would miss the company of people because I know I’d like to have someone to share experiences with. I’d go mad on my own. And I sure wouldn’t miss junk mail(垃圾邮件) --- I hate coming home every evening and a pile of junk mail in my post box.

Post 4

Miko

Japan

Hi, I would miss Manga cartoon, the Internet and Japanese food, like sushi. I’d also miss TV shows and shopping for clothes…

Post 5

Roger

UK

I would miss my daily newspaper and listening to the news on TV and radio. I’d feel very cut off if I didn’t know what was happening in the world. What I’d miss least would be traffic jams in the city, particularly my journey to work.

Past 6

Jayne

Why hasn’t anyone mentioned their family? I’d be lost without my husband and two kids. They’re the most important for me. And I can’t get started in the morning without a cup of black coffee. I wouldn’t miss doing the housework!

Post 7

Jaime

Mexico

It would have to be music. I couldn’t live without my music. I wouldn’t miss going to school at all or doing homework!

 

1.Who would miss his or her family most?

A. Jaime         B. Jayne       C. Miko        D. Paola.

2.Which of the following people would feel most uncomfortable without the news media?

A. Steve.         B. Jaime       C. Roger.       D. Tomas

3.How many of them mentioned that they would miss food or drink?

A. One           B. Two        C. Three        D. Four

 

阅读表达(每小题2分,满分10分)

Walking is a popular form of exercises. It is an easy activity and offers a good way to improve physical fitness. Walking also gives many of the same benefits as other kinds of exercises.

Regular, brisk(轻快地)walks helps a person’s body work better. Walking builds a stronger heart and lungs. The heart pumps blood through the body. It gets more rest between beats. Walking also seems to help protect the heart from heart diseases. Walking can help lose weight, too. What’s more, walking causes very few injuries, which is why there is a lower “dropout” rate among walkers than among runners. People are more likely to continue a walking program. This gives a better chance for success.

Walking offers some mental benefits, too. It seems to make people feel better. Many walkers say they sleep better at night when they take regular walks. Others say they have a better attitude about life.

Walking offers many of the same physical and mental benefits as other forms of exercise, but walking offers some special advantages, too.

★ Almost everyone can walk. There are no special lessons of coaching. To become a serious walker, a person only needs to walk faster, farther and more often.

★ People can walk almost anywhere. There are no special playing fields or courts for walking. Sidewalks, streets, parks, fields and malls are excellent places for walking.

★ People can walk almost anytime. A person doesn’t need a team or a partner for walking. There is no “season” for walking. Most walkers walk in all kinds of weather.

Walking offers a form of exercise within the reach of nearly everyone. With a little time and effort, people can rediscover a valuable form of exercise and improve their fitness.

1. What’s the best title of the passage?(within 10 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

2.Please explain the underlined word “dropout” with proper words or phrases.(within 5 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

3.Why is there a lower dropout rate among walkers than among runners? (within 10 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

4. How can people become a more serious walker? (within 10 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Which do you prefer, walking or jogging? Why? (within 15 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

 

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