B 

        The daily hard work in the office can be extremely exhausting. Staring at a computer screen for eight hours a day seems like modem business practice. It's also a common belief that you 5 re more likely to complete your "tasks if you keep your bottom planted in your chair all day. But that opinion is erroneous. In fact,taking breaks regularly throughout your workday can increase your productivity and creativity as it helps to keep the mental iuices flowing. ,

         A new study in the journal Cognition overturns an old theory about the nature of attention and shows that brief breaks from a task can greatly improve one's  ability to focus on that task for a longer period of time. The study gets to the most important part of what so many of us experience when doing the same task for a long period of time; after a while you begin to lose your focus and your ability to perform the task well. "Basically,if you don 51 take small breaks during the day,you re likely to suffer from exhaustion and won 51 complete your task to the highest level of your ability,” says Alejandro Lleras,the leader of the study.

         In addition,new research shows that your brain can be trained and developed iike a muscle. Mental concentration is part of that training. Just as your muscles  become tired after a workout,so does your brain. It needs a rest to recover and move on.

         So,what can you do if you feel guilty about taking a break during the workday? Remember that taking breaks is a good,necessary thing. We* re trying to prove ourselves and our worth to the company,which makes us think that taking breaks prevents us from achieving our goals,but in fact it's  not. It's  necessary to do your best work. 

5. What does the underlined word a “erroneous” in Paragraph 1 mean?

   A. Incorrect.    B. Interesting.

   C. Important.    D. Strange.

6. The study by Alejandro Lleras shows that people.

   A. always lose their focus during the workday

   B. find it hard to reach the highest level of their ability

   C. often feel competitive when performing a task well

   D. become less productive after working non-stop for long periods

7. The third paragraph is mainly developed .

   A. by order in space    B. by cause and effect

   C. by time and events   D. by making a comparison

8. In the author's opinion,people should .

   A. take breaks at work

   B. try to achieve their goals

   C. train their brains frequently

   D. prove themselves to the company

根据短文内容,f短文后的选项中选出能填 在空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

   The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago. People thought that there was a special danger from evz7 (邪恶的) spirits,so friends and family came together to bring good thoughts and wishes and even presents. 36 But as uiuug?iis anu WIMICS

time went by,children and then adults began to have the? own birthday celebrations. There are s?me traditions — such as sending birthday cards,blowing out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the “Happy Birthday” song,that you can find almost anywhere,any time. 37

      In many English-speaking countries,a twenty-first birthday cake often has a key on top. 38 The key means that the young person is now old enough to leave and enter the family home at any time they want to!

     In the past in parts of Europe,men who reached the age of thirty and were still single,had to clean the stairs of the City Hall. This way every girl could see that the man didn't have a girlfriend.39

     After the age of thirty,many people prefer to forget their birthdays rather than celebrate them ... children often bring Mum (or Dad) breakfast in bed. 40 It's also a day when your friends and family have to pay if you go out for drinks or a meal!

   A. Birthday traditions are.around the world.

   B. At one time,only kings had birthday parties.

    C. Or the cake itself is sometimes in the shape of a key.

   D. It's traditional to give flowers and enjoy a special meal.

   E. Family members put many sweets on the birthday cake.

   F. They could also see how good he was at cleaning the house!

   G. Others are more specific to certain ages and certain countries.


                                A

                                ★★★★☆

      Nearly every driver has experienced that feeling of great tiredness,where it becomes almost impossible to stay awake at the wheel. 14-year-old Katherine Wu is too young to have experienced this situation firsthand. However slie noticed how difficult it was for her dad to remain awake while driving back from ?ieir femiiy vacations in Florida to their home in Maryland. Her mom had to talk to her dad all the way.

So I created a tool that can be used instead of my mom talking to my dad to make sure he stays awake and is safe,” she says.

       Her inversion ,“Driver's Companion”,can notice driver sleepiness and warn the driver if he or she is too t?ed to be on the road.

     The user wears a headset(耳机) ,which sends information about the driver' s brain waves (月凶电波) to a tiny computer. The computer can be placed in front of the driver. The 吵对撕(系统) then gives warnings,if needed. As the driver becomes sleepier,red color will be shown to warn him or her. The driver will also hear messages warning him to get off the road. The machine can say, “You’ re tired. Please take a break."

      After sending her invention to the 2014 Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge,Wu was chosen as a finalist and was able to work with Dr. Jesse Miller,who is a product development specialist.

    “He helped me understand how important it IS to make sure that my invention wprked for the people who were using it and that it was user-friendly,” Wu says.

As a young scientist,Wu has some advice for other students of her age: ul would like to tell them that they should choose something they* re interested in. So they 11 be willing to spend more time on it and enjoy working on it more. Also when there 's difficulty,they should just continue working hard because they’ 11 get over it."

1. Why di? Wu’s mother talk to her dad all the way?

   A. To prevent an accident.

   B. To help him feel relaxed

    C. To discuss their vacations.

   D. To make the trip enjoyable.

2. What is the purpose or‘Driver's Companion”?

   A. To show drivers the way.

   B. To prevent drunk driving,

    C. To improve driving skills.

   D. To help drivers stay awake. .

3. Which of the following shows how Driver5 s Companion works?

   A. Sleepiness →Headset  warnings Computer

   B. Sleepiness Warnings Headset Computer

   C. Sleepiness Headset  Computer  Warnings

    D. Sleepiness -? Computer Headset Warnings

4. Dr. Miller lets Wu know the importance of

   A. satisfying users

   B. working together 

   C. making discoveries   

   D. helping other students

5. Wu advises other young students

   A. to enjoy their lives

   B. to learn to love science 

    C. not to do dangerous jobs

   D. not to give up what they love

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