题目内容

14.Why Cats Scratch Tings
In has long been assumed that when cats scratch objects with their front paws(爪子)that they are sharpening their claws.(71)AResearch on cat behavior suggests that the major reason for this behavior is communication.By scratching up the bark of a tree (or the leg of your favorite chair) the cat is letting other cats or people know where she is and what she is up to.
Cats tend to pick a small number of noticeable objects in their environments to scratch such as trees,fence posts repeatedly.(72)BThe scratched surface leaves a highly visible mark that can be easily seen by other cats.In addition,cats have special glands (腺)in their paws so that when they make scratching movements they leave scent(气味)that the cats can smell.The fact that cats leave scent marks by making scratching movements may be the reason that cats will continue to scratch objects even after they have been declawed.(73)F
We don't know exactly what cats are communicating with their scratching.Both males and females do it.It is done inside and outside the home and even by cats living with no other cats around.(74)G Cats don't scratch up your furniture to bother you or just to be destructive,but for specific reasons,one of which is communicating.Cats also scratch to extend their bodies,during play,and possibly as a greeting or to relieve dissatisfaction when prevented from doing other things they want to do.
(75)EIt is easier to prevent problem scratching rather than trying to change your cat's preference for the arm of your sofa after it has become a built up habit.Thus,the goal is to establish acceptable scratching habits by getting your cat to prefer a scratching post rather than the arm of your sofa.

A.It turns out that this is only a secondary reason.
B.This is why the tree next door looks so scratched up.
C.Cats use other parts of their bodies to communicate as well.
D.Small pieces of bark have accumulated on the ground underneath.
E.Scratching can result in considerable damage,owner dissatisfaction.
F.Declawed cats may still be leaving scent marks on objects they scratch.
G.It could be a defensive warning or just a marker that announces its existence.

分析 本文主要介绍了为什么猫喜欢到处抓东西.

解答 ABFGE
71.A  前文指出,长久以来人们都认为猫用他们的前爪抓东西是在磨爪子.文章正是对猫抓东西的探究,后文指出这是在交流(communication),A项"事实证明磨爪只是第二位的原因"与上下文相符.故正确答案为A.
72.B  上文指出"猫往往在他们的环境中挑一些显眼的对象反复抓挠",关键词为 scratch、trees、repeatedly,B项"这就是门口旁边的树看起来伤痕累累的原因"承接上文,the tree next door 即显眼的对象.故正确答案为B.
73.F 上文指出猫在抓挠东西时也能够留下气味做记号,这是他们会反复抓挠的原因.F项"没有利爪的猫依然能够通过抓挠留下气味"承接该句,still、scent marks 为关键词.故正确答案为F.
74.G 上文指出"我们并不能确切得知猫通过抓挠在交流什么",G项"那可以是一个防御性的警告,或者仅仅是在制造声音以宣布自己的存在"是对此的回答.故正确答案为G.
75.E E项"Scratching can result in considerable damage,owner dissatisfaction"说明了猫的抓挠可能会造成破坏,后文"It is easier to prevent problem scratching …"指出了减少这些破坏的方式,problem 指前文 considerable damage、owner dissatisfaction.故正确答案为E

点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.

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19.Will you be playing some music at work?
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Is listening to music at work a good idea?Yes,say the experts.Many surgeons say that music contributes to creating a"calm atmosphere",and a third of them added that it avoids getting bored!Also,listening to music raises the levels of a brain chemical that can help people focus.Office workers say it improves job satisfaction.Several studies suggest that it's also good for hospital patients.Those listening to music through headphones during surgery require less anaesthetic(麻醉剂),up to 50% less in some cases,and recover more quickly afterwards."Sure,music reduces anxiety before surgery,"says Zeev Kain,an anaesthetist at Yale University.
So,what type of music should we be listening to?Surgeons from the previous survey favored rock,pop music and classical.And hip-hop is popular too.However,whatever the kind,it appears that self-selected music is the best choice.Pennsylvania State University research showed that when people chose their own music there was more stress reduction.And other researchers found that when listening to self-selected music,surgeons did the maths faster and more accurately than when they were listening to music chosen for them.

70.The underlined word"theatre"in Paragraph 2probably meansA.
A.an operating room              B.a rest room for surgeons
C.a waiting room in a hospital   D.a building where shows are performed
71.The surveys mentioned in the passage showA.
A.music is popular in many professions
B.most surgeons in the UK are music lovers
C.office workers learn a lot from listening to music
D.more than half the people listen to music at work
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①improving memory②keeping people relaxed
③improving job satisfaction④improving eyesight
A.①④B.①②C.②③D.②④
73.How should you choose music for work time according to the passage?B
A.Turn to the surgeons for help.
B.Make your selection by yourself.
C.Rock,pop music and classical are always good choices.
D.The most popular music should be taken into consideration.
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A.how to choose music wisely
B.where to find the best music
C.the popularity of music in hospitals
D.the benefits of listening to music at work.
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A.Show why the new leisure centre is needed.
B.Give her own opinion about the new leisure centre.
C.Describe the arguments against the new leisure centre.
D.Suggest where the new leisure centre should be built.
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A.It will not be right for the area.B.It will cost too much to build.
C.It will not attract enough people.D.It will provide little entertainment.
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A.People working in the hotel.
B.People who do a lot of sport.
C.People who come into Layton by car.
D.People living near the seafront.
41.What would be a good headline for the article?D
A.Action Group Changes its Mind
B.Good News for Cityspace
C.Seafront Invaded by Crowds Again
D.Leisure Plans Under Attack.
3.Encouraging pupils to keep noise to a minimum should be a valuable component of all children's education,according to a new research.
Dr.Helen Lees,from Stirling University's school of education,says that"enforced(强制的) silence"is seen as a punishment and often acts to  suppress children's natural ability.But she says that teaching children about the benefits of"enforced silence"-deliberate stillness that gives them the opportunity to focus and reflect in a stress-free environment-can have a significant effect on pupils'concentration and behavior.
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A study almost a decade ago in London found that children's exam results were cut by as much as a third if they were taught in noisy classrooms.Teaching unions have also called for a limit of 26℃to be put on classroom temperatures because teachers and pupils struggle to work in hot conditions,and some educationalists claim that too much clutter(杂乱的东西) on classroom walls can prevent children from concentrating.
Dr.Less said,"When we take some research on school settings and put it all together,what we see is that education without silence does not make much sense.In areas of better learning outcomes,better self-confidence and well-being measures,enforced silence in a person's life and an individual's education is shown throughout the relevant research to be a benefit."
Dozens of schools across Britain have already introduced periods of"reflective silence"into the timetable.
Kevin Houston,head of Sheringdale Primary,south London,has just introduced a minute's silence at the start of twice-weekly meetings in which children are taught breathing techniques and encouraged to reflect.The school plans to introduce it into classrooms every day.

68.According to Dr.Helen Lees,"enforced silence"C.
A.is an effective way of punishment
B.does not make much sense in class
C.can improve pupils'confidence
D.makes pupils more creative
69.The underlined word"suppress"in the second paragraph probably means"D".
A.uncover       B.improve         C.apply           D.prevent
70.What can be inferred from the research on school settings?B
A.Students are more active if taught in noisy classrooms.
B.Silence makes a great difference to pupils.
C.Clutter on the walls can help students concentrate.
D.Most schools are not satisfactory in terms of classroom temperatures.
71.What would be the best title for the text?C
A.Arranging classroom settings benefits studies
B.Achieving silence is beneficial for people
C.Keeping quiet in class improves academic performance
D.Using enforced silence is effective punishment.
4.Some dances gain more popularity than others because they can be performed to different kinds of music and the steps change accordingly.One such dance is waltz(华尔兹).
    There is a basic form for waltz,which you can see in this drawing of a dancing couple.The man places one arm around the woman's waist and she places her opposite hand on his shoulder.Then,they stretch their other arms out from their bodies and clasp hand.If someone tries to teach you a formal kind of dancing,chances are your teacher will start with the waltz.Have you ever tried to dance like this?
     There are lots of different kinds of waltz,all performed to different types of waltz music.The music might be fast or slow but what they all have is a regular one-two-three,one-two-three rhythm.
  The traditional form is the old-school waltz in which dancers turn all the time with a hopping(跳跃),springy step.This waltz has a slow,smooth,gliding step.There's also the Mexican waltz,which moves much faster.Listen to this Mexican waltz music and you can imagine how fast the dancers had to move.
    Formal dancing has even become a profession,with people entering competitions.Have you ever seen a formal dance competition?
    Today,ballroom dancing is almost considered a competitive sport; professionals perform different dances,each with strict rules.Everything from where the dancers place their hands to how they move is judged.In the glide waltz,dancers are judged by how smoothly they move."I can dance with a glass of water on my head,"is a well known sentence used by skilled dancers in the old days.In the past,some people learned how to dance by reading books,while others studied with a teacher called the"dancing master."How do people learn to dance today?
51.When a couple are dancing,C.
A.the girl places one arm around the man's waist
B.the man puts one hand on the girl's shoulder
C.they stand face to face with one of their hands held together    
D.the man puts one arm around the girl's waist and the other on her shoulder
52.Why do the dancers move fast in the Mexican waltz?A
A.To keep up with the music.
B.To show how well they perform.
C.To catch up with the other dancers.
D.to show the difference of the dance.
53.What do the different types of waltz have in common?D
A.They use the same kind of music.
B.They share the same kind of steps.
C.Their speeds are the same.
D.They have the same kind of rhythm.
54.If one says"I can dance with a glass of water on my head,"we know thatA.
A.he is a good dancer               
B.he is a beginner
C.he is practising dancing           
D.he is tired of dancing
55.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?C
A.To tell us to learn waltz
B.To tell us how to dance.
C.To tell us something about waltz
D.To tell us the development of waltz.

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