Question

People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a ___1___ problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without ___2___; they try to find a solution by trial and error. ___3___, when all of these methods ___4___, the person with a problem has to start analysing. There are six ___5___ in analysing a problem.

___6___ the person must recognise that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must ___7___ that there is a problem with his bicycle.

Next the person must ___8___ the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must ___9___ the parts that are wrong.

Now the person must look for ___10___ that will make the problem clearer and lead to ___11___ solutions. For example, suppose Sam ___12___ that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. ___13___, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, ___14___ his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.

After ___15___ the problem, the person should have ___16___ suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example ___17___, his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.

In the end, one ___18___ seems to be the solution ___19___ the problem. Sometimes the ___20___ idea comes quite ___21___ because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a ___22___ way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum (口香糖) stuck to a brake. He ___23___ hits on the solution to his problem: he must ___24___ the brake.

Finally the solution is ___25___. Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.

1. A. serious   B. usual   C. similar       D. common

2. A. practice  B. thinking     C. understanding    D. help

3. A. Besides  B. Instead       C. Otherwise   D. However

4. A. fail B. work   C. change       D. develop

5. A. ways      B. conditions  C. stages  D. orders

6. A. First      B. Usually      C. In general   D. Most importantly

7. A. explain   B. prove  C. show   D. see

8. A. judge     B. find    C. describe     D. face

9. A. check     B. determine   C. correct       D. recover

10. A. answers       B. skills   C. explanation D. information

11. A. possible       B. exact   C. real     D. special

12. A. hopes   B. argues C. decides       D. suggests

13. A. In other words    B. Once in a while 

C. First of all  D. At this time

14. A. look for       B. talk to C. agree with  D. depend on

15. A. discussing    B. settling down     C. comparing with  D. studying

16. A. extra    B. enough       C. several       D. countless

17. A. secondly      B. again  C. also    D. alone

18. A. suggestion   B. conclusion  C. decision     D. discovery

19. A. with     B. into    C. for      D. to

20. A. next     B. clear   C. final   D. new

21. A. unexpectedly       B. late     C. clearly       D. often

22. A. simple  B. different     C. quick  D. sudden

23. A. fortunately   B. easily  C. clearly       D. immediately

24. A. clean    B. separate      C. loosen D. remove

25. A. recorded      B. completed  C. tested  D. accepted

Answer 1

1---25       CBDAC   ADBBD   ACDBD   CBADC   ABDAC  

解析:

本文主要阐述了人们碰到问题时怎样分析问题和解决问题。文中还以Sam如何解决自行车车闸出现的故障为例，阐述了人们解决问题通常经历的几个阶段。

1. C。根据 …try to remember a solution from the last time(设法回忆上次的解决方法)可知答案选C最佳，因为只有问题“类似”(similar)，人们才会想到“上一次”的办法。

2. B。比较四个选项，同时结合下文内容可知此题应填 thinking，因为作者在后面说，“当所有前面提到的办法都失败后，他们才会开始分析和思考”，说明此时人们解决问题还不会去思考。

3. D。前后意思转折，故用 however。

4. A。fail 意为“失败”、“不奏效”。

5. C。根据下文内容可知，作者讲的是解决问题的六个阶段(stage)。

6. A。联系下文提到的 next，finally等可知，此处应填first(首先)。

7. D。作为分析的第一步，Sam必须要明白或意识到(see)自行车出了毛病。

8. B。知道有问题，还要找到(find)问题，以便于进一步分析和解决。

9. B。determine在此表示“确定”，与前面一空的 find 同义，因为此句是对前一句的举例说明(注意句首的 for example)。

10. D。根据下文提到的…he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at the bike shop，可知 Sam 必须查找有关自行车修理的资料和信息(information)。

11. A。既然尚在查找资料阶段，故只能确定可能的(possible)方案。另外，下文(第16空后)也有 a possible solution这样的暗示。

12. C。decide与determine 同义，指Sam“确定”了自行车出毛病的部位是车闸。

13. D。比较四个词组的意思可知选D最佳。at this time 意为“此时”。

14. B。搜集资料的方式很多，“与自行车商店的朋友交谈”也是搜集资料的方式之一。

15. D。上文Sam所做的工作均属于studying(学习、研究)的范围。

16. C。根据下文所列举的tighten or loosen the brakes, buy new brakes and change the old ones等，可知此处应填several。

17. B。由于仍以 Sam 修自行车为例，故用 again。

18. A。根据上文内容可知，在提出的几个对问题可能解决的建议或方案中，有一个建议可能解决问题。

19. D。表示“对…的解决方法”，solution 后接介词 to。

20. C。从下文的内容来看，有时导致解决问题最终(final)办法纯属意外。

21. A。上文提到 Sam 解决自行车车闸问题可以有多个方案——拧紧或放松刹车、买新刹车、更换旧刹车等，而下文又说 Sam 突然发现刹车上粘有一块口香糖。显然这个解决问题的最终办法有点“出人意料”(unexpectedly)。

22. B。由于意外地发现刹车粘有一块口香糖，这使Sam采取了一种完全不同的(different)解决办法(既非拧紧或放松刹车，亦非更换刹车)。

23. D。原来花了那么多时间研究都没有发现的症结，现在突然发现是因为刹车上粘有一块口音糖，当然是要马上(immediately)把它清除掉(clean)。

24. A。既然刹车上粘有口香糖，显然只需清除掉(clean)即可。

25. C。问题解决后，应当进行检验(test)，看是否成功。