题目内容

第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分,满分15分)

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

           Most volunteers spend a couple of hours each week in 61. (volunteer) at one of the local community centers. Here is why volunteering is important.

           New experience and insight 

           Volunteering is one way through 62. people including students can develop academic,technical and social skills that otherwise could not 63. (learn) in a classroom environment. Most of us feel that we lack time because of the career or studies

we are pursuing. However,64.  is important to take some time off from our busy schedule and volunteer for something in our community,which will help us gain experience and insight into various issues.

           Helping others 

           There are millions of people in the world whose lives are 65. (hard) than ours. Humans are a social animal and one of 66. best ways for tnankind to advance is by helping those who are 67. (able) to help themselves. We have a responsibility to care for people 68. need,and help those who are less fortunate than ourselves. Having some spare cash,time or goods is an opportunity 69.  (help) others out.

           A sense of 70. (satisfy) 

           Volunteering is also one of the things you can do to help you feel good and build up your self-confidence.

61. volunteering。考查动词-ing形式作宾语 的用法。spend…(in) doing sth.意为“花费……做某事”。

62. which。考查关系词。way后是一个“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从 句。设空处指代way ,故填which。

63. be learned。考查含情态动词的被动语态。that(指代academic,technical and social skills) 与leam之间是被动关系,且设空处位于情态动词could之后,故填be learned。

64. it。考查it作形式主语的用法。设空处是形式主语,真正的主语是to take some time ... in our community ,故填it。

65. harder。考查形容词的比较级。由than 可知,应用比较级,故填harder。

66. the。考查定冠词。最高级best前应用 定冠词the。

67. unable。考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语,.且由语境可知,设空处表示“不能的”,故填unable。

68. in。考查介词。in need意为“在困难中”。

69. to help。考查不定式作定语的用法。opportunity后跟带to的不定式作定语,故填 to help。

70. satisfaction。考查名词。a sense of satisfaction意为“一种满足感”。

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                               B 

            Many doctors know the story of Mr Wright .In 1957 he was diagnosed(诊断) with cancer,and given only days to live. He heard that scientists had discovered a new medication, Krebiozen, which was effective against cancer and he begged the doctor to give it to him. His physician,Dr Philip West finally agreed. After Mr Wright had been given an injection on a Friday afternoon,the astonished doctor found his patient out of his “death bed”.

            Two months later,Mr Wright read medical reports that the medication was fake. His condition immediately got worse again. “Don’t believe what you read in the papers,” the doctor told Mr Wright. Then he injected him with what he said was “a new super-refined double strength” version of the drug. Actually,there was no drug,just a mix of salt and water. Later,Mr Wright was the picture of health for another two months until he read an official report saying that Krebiozen was worthless. He died two days later.

             This story has gone unnoticed by doctors for a long time and the idea that a patient's beliefs can make a disease go away has been thought of as too strange. But now scientists are discovering that the placebo effect(宽慰作用) is more powerful than anyone has ever thought. They are also beginning to discover how such unbelievable results are achieved. Through new techniques of brain imagery,it can be shown that a thought,a belief or a desire can cause chemical processes in the brain which can have powerful effects on the body. Scientists are learning that some body reactions are not caused by information coming into the brain from the outside world,but by what the brain expects to happen next.

              Placebos are “lies that heal”,said Dr Anne Harrington,a historian of science at Harvard University. “The word ‘placebo’ is Latin for ‘I shall please’ and it is typically a treatment that a doctor gives to anxious patients to please them,” she said. “It looks like medication,but has no healing ingredients whatsoever."”

25. After being injected Krebiozen for the first time,Mr Wright.

   A. got cancer    B. almost died

   C. felt better   D. gave up What caused

26. Mr Wright's death according to the story?

   A. The fake drug.

   B. His own beliefs.

   C. His damaged brain.

   D. The doctor's wrong diagnosis.

27. What's the purpose of Paragraph 3 ?

   A. To explore the biology of human brains.

   B. To explain why people get cancer.

   C. To analyse how placebos work.

   D. To question Mr Wright's story.

28. What does Dr Anne Harrington think of the placebo effect?

   A. It is limited.

   B. It is effective.

   C. It can cheat patients.

   D. It goes against science.

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