题目内容

In 1861, the native wife of a crew member Maria followed native trails to Fort Langley   __help when their boat became stuck in winter ice.

A．has sought               B．seeking          C．to seek          D．sought

C

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　　Walt Whitman was born in 1819 in New York City．During his long life, he watched America grow from a young nation to the strongest industrial power in the world．Whitman was influenced by events around him．But his poetry speaks of the inner self．He celebrated great people like President Abraham Lincoln．He also celebrated common people．

　　As a young man, Whitman worked as a school teacher, a printer and a newspaper reporter．He was thirty-six years old when his first book of poetry was published．He called it Leaves of Grass．It has only twelve poems．The poems are written in free verse．The lines do not follow any set form．Some lines are short and some are long．The word at the end of each line do not have a similar sound．They do not rhyme．

　　One of America's greatest thinkers and writers immediately recognized the importance of Leaves of Grass．Ralph Waldo Emerson praised Whitman's work．But most other poets and writers said nothing or denounced it．

　　The American Civil War began in 1861．During the war, Whitman worked without pay at army hospitals．He helped care for the wounded and dying soldiers．He sat beside these men for hours．He brought them food and wrote letters for them．After the Civil War, Whitman worked for government agencies．He watched the United States try to heal itself and increase democracy．

　　To Walt Whitman, democracy was more than a political system or idea．It was the natural form of government for free people．Whitman believed democracy was meant to honor the rights of every person and the equality of all people．

　　In 1873, Walt Whitman suffered a stroke．he spent the last few years of his life in Camden, New Jersey and wrote more poems．Whitman was poor and weak during the last few years of his life．He died in 1892．

(1)

Walt Whitman expressed his feelings by ________．

[　　]

A．

singing songs

B．

celebrating great people

C．

writing poems

D．

praising common people

(2)

Leaves of Grass was published in ________．

[　　]

A．

1855

B．

1819

C．

1861

D．

1873

(3)

The underlined sentence “But most other poets and writers said nothing or denounced it．”(in Paragraph3)is most likely to tell us that ________．

[　　]

A．

many great writers liked Whitman's poems very much

B．

a lot of people agreed with Emerson．

C．

many poets and writers thought ill of Whitman's poems

D．

few poets and writers didn't like talking to Whitman

(4)

It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that Whitman was ________．

[　　]

A．

a brave soldier

B．

a man of devotion

C．

an honest official

D．

a great politician

Today, bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. Many people ride bicycles for recreation, whereas others use them as a means of transportation. The first bicycle was invented in Germany in 1818. Because it was made of wood, it wasn’t very strong nor did it have pedals (脚踏板）.Riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground.
In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle. Macmillan’s machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down. He also used foot-operated levers, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. It didn’t look much like the modem bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. Although Macmillan’s bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers.
In 1861, Frenchman Pierre Michaux and his brother Ernest invented a bicycle with an improved pedal mechanism. They called their bicycle a velocipede，but most people called it a “bone shaker” because of the effect of the wood and iron frame. Despite the impolite nickname, the velocipede was a hit. After a few years, the Michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually, mostly for fun-seeking young people.
Ten years later, James Starley , an English inventor, made several innovations that revolutionized bicycle design. He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient，and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top-heavy，and ridden mostly for entertainment.
It wasn’t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. Invented by another Englishman, H. J. Lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to today’s cyclists. The safety bicycle had equal-sized wheels, which made it easier to ride. Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the back wheel. By 1893，the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond-shaped frame, and easy braking. With the improvements provided by Lawson; bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation. Today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.
【小题1】This passage was most likely written in order to _____.

A．compare bicycles used for different purposes
B．describe the problems early bicycle makers experienced
C．persuade readers to use bicycles for transportation
D．tell readers about the early history of the bicycle
【小题2】Macmillan covered the wheels of his bicycle with iron to _____
A．add weight to the bicycle
B．make the bicycle easier to ride
C．allow the wheels to last longer
D．let the bicycle be more comfortable
【小题3】Which of the following bicycle types was invented by James Starley?

【小题4】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Two hundred years ago，bicycles did not exist.
B．The first bicycle could be ridden at a very quick pace.
C．The Michaux brothers called their bicycle a “bone shaker”.
D．Macmillan’s machine had wheels with rubber tires.
【小题5】The information about bicycles in this passage is arranged according to _____.
A．importanceB．timeC．placeD．Interest

Today, bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. Many people ride bicycles for recreation, whereas others use them as a means of transportation. The first bicycle was invented in Germany in 1818. Because it was made of wood, it wasn’t very strong nor did it have pedals (脚踏板）.Riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground.

In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle. Macmillan’s machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down. He also used foot-operated levers, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. It didn’t look much like the modem bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. Although Macmillan’s bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers.

In 1861, Frenchman Pierre Michaux and his brother Ernest invented a bicycle with an improved pedal mechanism. They called their bicycle a velocipede，but most people called it a “bone shaker” because of the effect of the wood and iron frame. Despite the impolite nickname, the velocipede was a hit. After a few years, the Michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually, mostly for fun-seeking young people.

Ten years later, James Starley , an English inventor, made several innovations that revolutionized bicycle design. He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient，and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top-heavy，and ridden mostly for entertainment.

It wasn’t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. Invented by another Englishman, H. J. Lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to today’s cyclists. The safety bicycle had equal-sized wheels, which made it easier to ride. Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the back wheel. By 1893，the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond-shaped frame, and easy braking. With the improvements provided by Lawson; bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation. Today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.

1.This passage was most likely written in order to _____.

A．compare bicycles used for different purposes

B．describe the problems early bicycle makers experienced

C．persuade readers to use bicycles for transportation

D．tell readers about the early history of the bicycle

2.Macmillan covered the wheels of his bicycle with iron to _____

A．add weight to the bicycle

B．make the bicycle easier to ride

C．allow the wheels to last longer

D．let the bicycle be more comfortable

3.Which of the following bicycle types was invented by James Starley?

4.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．Two hundred years ago，bicycles did not exist.

B．The first bicycle could be ridden at a very quick pace.

C．The Michaux brothers called their bicycle a “bone shaker”.

D．Macmillan’s machine had wheels with rubber tires.

5.The information about bicycles in this passage is arranged according to _____.

A．importance        B．time              C．place             D．Interest

 
阅读理解。
     Walt Whitman was born in 1819 in New York City. During his long life, he watched America
grow from a young nation to the strongest industrial power in the world. Whitman was influenced
by events around him. But his poetry speaks of the inner self. He celebrated great people like
President Abraham Lincoln. He also celebrated common people.
     As a young man, Whitman worked as a school teacher, a printer and a newspaper reporter.
He was thirty- six years old when his first book of poetry was published. He called it Leaves of
Grass. It has only twelve poems. The poems are written in free verse. The lines do not follow any
set form. Some lines are short and some are long. The word at the end of each line do not have a
similar sound. They do not rhyme.
     One of America's greatest thinkers and writers immediately recognized the importance of Leaves
of Grass. Ralph Waldo Emerson praised Whitman's work. But most other poets and writers said
nothing or denounced it.
     The American Civil War began in 1861. During the war, Whitman worked without pay at army
hospitals. He helped care for the wounded and dying soldiers. He sat beside these men for hours.
He brought them food and wrote letters for them. After the Civil War, Whitman worked for
government agencies. He watched the United States try to heal itself and increase democracy.
To Walt Whitman, democracy was more than a political system or idea. It was the natural form
of government for free people. Whitman believed democracy was meant to honor the rights of every
person  and the equality of all people.
     In 1873, Walt Whitman suffered a stroke . he spent the last few years of his life in Camden, New
Jersey and wrote more poems. Whitman was poor and weak during the last few years of his life.
He died in 1892.
1. Walt Whitman expressed his feelings by _____.
A. singing songs                    
B. celebrating great people
C. writing poems                    
D. praising common people
2. Leaves of Grass was published in _____.
A.1855        
B.1819      
C.1861    
D.1873
3. The underlined sentence "But most other poets and writers said nothing or denounced it."
(in Paragraph3) is most likely to tell us that ___.
A .many great writers liked Whitman's poems very much
B. a lot of people agreed with Emerson.
C. many poets and writers thought ill of Whitman's poems
D. few poets and writers didn't like talking to Whitman
4. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that Whitman was ____.
A. a brave soldier            
B. a man of devotion
C. an honest official          
D. a great politician

Nearly everyone was very much against motor cars when they first appeared．So the government found a very clever way to try and drive them off the roads.

   Back in 1861, a previous government had passed a law about the heavy steam vehicles which were beginning to crawl about the roads of Britain．This law said that no vehicle should go more than 10 miles an hour in the country and 5 miles an hour in town．Four years later these speed limits were reduced to 4 and 2 m.p.h, and a man with a red flag had to walk in front to warn people of the danger．

   This law applied to ordinary cars, too, and the police started to arrest drivers who broke the speed limit and didn't have a man with a red flag．Of course, it made the idea of motor cars seem quite ridiculous．But this law was stopped in 1878 and the speed limit was raised to the frightening speed of 14 m.p.h, in 1896．A special race was held from London to Brighton to celebrate this victory for the motor car industry．The London-Brighton Veteran Car Run is still held every November to mark this event．Only cars made before 1905 may take part．In the first rally there were no more than 33 entrants, and only 22 of them finished the course．Nowadays, so many old cars apply to go on the run that the organizers have had to restrict the entry.

   Early motorists had to carry their own spare parts and do their own repairs．If they had a real breakdown, the only chance of getting anywhere was to borrow a horse and hitch it to the front of the car!

1．What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us?

       A．The heavy steam vehicles appeared as early as 1861.

       B．No one liked motor cars when they first appeared.

       C．The British government tried to do away with motor cars.

       D．The first car drivers had to pay attention to the speed limits.

2．What does the underlined “it” in the third paragraph refer to?

       A．The law．          B．The speed limit． C．A red flag．         D．The government.

3．According to the passage, the following is true EXCEPT _______.

       A．The cars were allowed to run faster in 1861 than they were in 1865

       B．Motor cars were not popular when they first appeared

       C．The London-Brighton Veteran Car Run has become more popular

       D．The law was stopped in 1896 and a special race was held to celebrate it

4．If the car had a very serious mechanical problem on the road, most probably the early motorists would __________.

       A．abandon their cars                    B．find some friends to help

       C．repair the car with spare parts            D．use an animal to finish their journey

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