题目内容

Today, bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. Many people ride bicycles for recreation, whereas others use them as a means of transportation. The first bicycle was invented in Germany in 1818. Because it was made of wood, it wasn’t very strong nor did it have pedals (脚踏板).Riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground.
In 1839, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, a Scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle. Macmillan’s machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down. He also used foot-operated levers, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. It didn’t look much like the modem bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. Although Macmillan’s bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers.
In 1861, Frenchman Pierre Michaux and his brother Ernest invented a bicycle with an improved pedal mechanism. They called their bicycle a velocipede,but most people called it a “bone shaker” because of the effect of the wood and iron frame. Despite the impolite nickname, the velocipede was a hit. After a few years, the Michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually, mostly for fun-seeking young people.
Ten years later, James Starley , an English inventor, made several innovations that revolutionized bicycle design. He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient,and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. Although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top-heavy,and ridden mostly for entertainment.
It wasn’t until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. Invented by another Englishman, H. J. Lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to today’s cyclists. The safety bicycle had equal-sized wheels, which made it easier to ride. Lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the back wheel. By 1893,the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond-shaped frame, and easy braking. With the improvements provided by Lawson; bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation. Today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.
【小题1】This passage was most likely written in order to _____.

A.compare bicycles used for different purposes
B.describe the problems early bicycle makers experienced
C.persuade readers to use bicycles for transportation
D.tell readers about the early history of the bicycle
【小题2】Macmillan covered the wheels of his bicycle with iron to _____
A.add weight to the bicycle
B.make the bicycle easier to ride
C.allow the wheels to last longer
D.let the bicycle be more comfortable
【小题3】Which of the following bicycle types was invented by James Starley?

【小题4】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A.Two hundred years ago,bicycles did not exist.
B.The first bicycle could be ridden at a very quick pace.
C.The Michaux brothers called their bicycle a “bone shaker”.
D.Macmillan’s machine had wheels with rubber tires.
【小题5】The information about bicycles in this passage is arranged according to _____.
A.importanceB.timeC.placeD.Interest


【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【小题5】B

解析试题分析:这篇文章讲述了自行车的发展历程,如今,自行车在全世界广泛流行。
【小题1】细节题。这篇文章主要给读者介绍了自行车的早期发展历程。故选D
【小题2】细节题。根据文章Macmillan’s machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down. 可知,麦克米伦给他的自行车轮子加铸了铁是为了减少轮子的磨损,可以使用的更长时间。故选C
【小题3】细节题。根据文章He made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient,and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes.可知,詹姆斯·史达雷发明的自行车,前轮比后轮要大好多倍,脚踏板上加放了齿轮使自行车更方便。故选 B
【小题4】细节题。根据文章可知,第一辆自行车在1818年问世,它的速度不快,米修兄弟称他们的自行车“脚踏两轮车”,麦克米伦的自行车没有橡胶轮胎。故选A
【小题5】细节题。这篇文章是按照时间的顺序讲述自行车的发展历程的。故选B
考点:社会历史类说明文
点评:本文对自行车的发展进行了说明,对于此类题,可以通过对于时间的把握来迅速的理解全文。答题过程中可以对文章的大意进行了解,在结合题目,相信每个题目都在文章中能找到相应的地方,把握好作者的意思准确作答。

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Bali is a tiny island that is part of Indonesia(印度尼西亚) today. It is a pretty island that has many mountains and a pleasant climate. For a long time, Bali was cut off from much of the world.

The people of Bali were happy and had a peaceful life. They were not allowed to fight. At one time there had been terrible wars on Bali. Then the people decided it was wrong to fight or have wars. They made rules to keep apart those people who wanted to fight.

Bali was divided into seven small kingdoms. The land around each kingdom was kept empty, and no one lived there. Since the kingdoms did not share the same borders(边界), the people could not fight about them.

On Bali, even children were not allowed to fight. If two children started a fight over a toy, someone separated them. When two boys argued, they would agree not to speak to each other. Sometimes they did not talk together for months; this gave the boys a chance to forget their anger.

Families who were angry with each other also promised not to speak. Their promise was written down, and the whole village knew about it. If they broke their promise, they had to offer gifts to their gods.

 Bali is an island belonging to ________.

A. Europe        B. Africa          C. Asia          D. America

 The people of Bali ______.

A. lived a happy and peaceful life

B. fought for a long time

C. is cut off from much of the world

D. quarreled about their borders

. How did the people of Bali prevent fighting from breaking out?

A. They shared the same borders.            

B. The island was divided into seven kingdoms.

C. They made strict rules to punish those who wanted to fight. 

D. Land was kept empty around each kingdom and no one lived there.

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Bali is a beautiful island with many mountains and nice weather.

B. People had to offer gifts to the villagers if they broke their promise.

C. At one time there were terrible wars on the island.

D. You’ll hardly see children fighting on the island.

阅读表达(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面短文,并根据短文后的要求回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。

[1]Today, millions of people want to learn or improve their English but it is difficult to find the best method.Is it better to study in Britain or America or to study in your own country?

[2]The advantages of going to Britain seem obvious.Firstly, you will be able to listen to the language all the time you are in the country.You will be surrounded completely by the language wherever you go.Another advantage is that you have to speak the language if you are with other people.In Italy,it is always possible, in the class, to speak Italian if you want to and the learning is slower.

[3]On the other hand,              staying at home to study.You don’t have to make big changes to your life.As well as this,it is also a lot cheaper than going to Britain but it is never possible to achieve the results of living in the UK.If you have a good teacher in Italy,I think you can learn in a more concentrated way than being in Britain without going to a school.

[4]So,in conclusion,I think that if you have enough time and enough money, the best choice is to spend some time in the UK.This is simply not possible for most people, so being here in Italy is the only(可行的)viable option.The most important thing to do in this situation is to maximise your opportunities:to speak only English in class and to try to use English whenever possible outside the class.

What is the text mainly about?(no more than 10 words)

                                                                                 

Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?

All the people and everything around are related with English,and you’ll have more opportunities.

                                                                               

Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words.(no more than 8 words)

                                                                               

What suggestion does the author give to those who learn English in their own country?(no more than 20 words)

                                                                               

                                                                                

Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.

                                                                               

                                                                               

Sri Lanka is known as the “Pearl of the Indian Ocean”, and it is easy to see why. This little country never fails to please visitors.

Arrive

The national airline is Sri Lankan Airlines, which flies from Colombo to London and a couple of other European cities. The country’s main airport is Colombo Bandaranaike, located 29km north of the capital city.

Why now?

    The best time to visit Sri Lanka’s southern beaches is from November to April. So by going early in the season, you’ll get the best weather. Also in November, Deepavali, known as “Diwali” or the “Festival of Lights”, is Sri Lanka’s main religious festival, celebrated throughout the country.

See

    There is plenty to see in Sri Lanka. The ancient capital cities of Polonnaruwa and Anuradhapura are worth seeing, and so are many outstanding ruins. Other mustsees are the rock fortress (要塞) of Sigiriya, towering over the jungle as far as the eye can see, and Dambulla’s cave temple, the country’s largest and best preserved. Both are UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) Sites. Kandy is a picture-like town, which was the last stronghold of the Kandyan Kings. Today it is a cultural relic centre where age-old customs, arts, and crafts remain.

Do

    Sri Lanka owns about 1,600km of beautiful palm-shaded beaches as well as warm, pure seas and colourful coral reefs. You can explore the underwater world, and surfing and diving are available too. Away from the shore, wildlife is a big draw for Sri Lanka, and Yala National Park is one of the best places in the world to see wild animals including leopards (豹) and elephants.

Taste

Sri Lanka is celebrated for its excellent food, with a particular emphasis on fresh fruit and vegetables on menus everywhere. Fish and seafood are a big part of the local diet.

Did you know?

Sri Lanka is known for its tea, but it is also the world’s largest producer and exporter of cinnamon(肉桂).

Which of the following is a cultural relic centre of Sri Lanka?

   A. Anuradhapura.             B. Kandy.          C. Colombo.        D. Polonnaruwa.

If you want to know something about “Diwali”, you’d better go there in           .

   A. November.       B. May.           C. September.           D. October. 

We can learn from the passage that Sri Lanka           .

    A. is in the Pacific Ocean                     B. is famous for its excellent food

  C. is the world’s largest producer of tea             D. has only flights to London

The author wrote the article in order to           .

    A. let readers know what is famous in Sri Lanka

    B. introduce the picturesque landscape of Sri Lanka

   C. let people get more travel information about Sri Lanka

    D. make Sri Lanka well known throughout the world

In this century the traditional American family is constantly faced with the threat of breakdown. Some people suggest that one little – noticed cause may be the introduction of the TV dinner.

       Before the appearance of television seats, the American dinner was a big event for the family. In many homes dinner time may be the only time when everyone got together. A typical dinner was usually in three periods In the preparation period, the children and Father frequently helped with setting while Mother put the last touches on the roast. In the eating period, family members shared the day’s experiences and more than food was eaten. In this period,families got to know one another and made joint decisions around the dinner table, and thus the family solidarity(团结) was strengthened. In the cleaning – up period,children or Father again gave their hands, so that their meaning to the home community was clear. Unfortunately, all of these have been abandoned by a product—the television set.

       By the beginning of the 1980s, the typical American family dinner was just twenty minutes long. The speed – up of this once – leisurely experiences is clearly connected to the overall pace of modern life and maybe a model of the modern life is the TV dinners—meals designed to be used between the opening and closing credits of a half – hour program. The once family affair has now become nothing more than the use of a fork and knife.

According to the passage, the American family is now threatened by       .

A. Being poor  B. having few children  C. poor living conditions    D. separation

In the past, Americans tended to        .

A. spend more time eating their food at dinner table

B. eat more food than they have today

C. spend more time talking about their day’s experience at dinner table

D. talk so much that they forgot to eat

The shortening of the dinner time in America is related to        .

A. the TV programs                       B. the pace of modern life

C. the wide use of household appliances       D. the popularity of fast food

The best title for this passage might be       .

A. Talk At Dinner Table                    B. TV Dinner

C. Pace Of Modern Life                    D. Problems Caused By TV

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误,对标有题号的每一题做出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画(√):如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下面情况改正:

    此行多一词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。

    此行缺一词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

    此行错一词:在错词的下面划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

    注意:原文没有错误不要改。

My English teacher was always too absorbed in the text being                     

studied that he never looked u^.He had habit of asking a.               

student to translate the text, and he often choose the same                   

student without realizing them! himself, The student .out                  

of respect, didn't point it out.Before being called so many                  

times, the student, his name was Jack, had to ask his friends               

for advices.The next day when the teacher asked Jack to                 

translate the text, Jack replying, "He is absent today,                      

because of he has a sick sister to look after at home.                      

"All right," said the teacher, "-you translate the text."                     

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