题目内容
The average person learns most of the 30 000~40 000 words whose meanings he or she recognizes by hearing them or getting familiar with them in the context or simply absorbing them without conscious(意识到的) effort. The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good talks. There are relatively few words that we learn permanently(永久的)by purposefully referring to dictionaries or keeping word lists. However, even those extra few are of value, and no one will make a mistake by working on developing a larger vocabulary. Here are some suggestions of how to do it.
Read plenty of good books. When you come across a new word, or a new meaning of an old word, stop and see if you can understand it from its context. If you can't, and if you can manage without interrupting the thought of the book too much, look it up in a dictionary or ask somebody and then repeat its meaning to yourself a couple of times. If you are really conscientious(认真的), write the word and its meaning in a personal vocabulary list — preferably using it in a sentence, or you can keep a special vocabulary notebook. Go over the list from time to time. Further, try to use a new word in writing or conversation a few times over the next several days.
Listen to good talks and be alert to new words you hear or to new meanings of words you already know. Then treat them just as you treat the new words you read.
Learn and be alert to the parts of words: prefixes, suffixes and roots. Knowing them enables you to make intelligent guesses about the meaning of words.
If you are studying a foreign language, be alert to words in that language which relate to words in English. English has inherited(继承) or borrowed much of its vocabulary of 500 000~600 000 words from Latin, Greek, French, Spanish and German.
1. When you meet a new word in reading, what should you do?
A. Guess its meaning. B. Ask somebody.
C. Look it up in a dictionary. D. All of the above.
2. According to this passage, the best way to build a good vocabulary is _______.
A. to remember a lot B. to read a great deal
C. to take part in a lot of good talks D. both B and C
3. The phrase “be alert to” in the third paragraph may best be replaced by “_______”.
A. look at B. pay attention to
C. write down D. learn by heart
4. In the fourth paragraph, the word “them” refers to _______.
A. the parts of words B. prefixes
C. suffixes D. roots
1----4 DDBA
解析:
怎样扩大词汇?捷径是:多读、多说、多听、多写。
1. D。细节题。从第 2 段第2、3句话可知答案为 D。
2. D。细节题。只要看到第 1 段第 2 句话The best way to build a good vocabulary, therefore, is to read a great deal and to participate in a lot of good talks 可知答案为 D。
3. B。词义猜测题。此处讲的是在“听”英语时如何对待生词的问题,根据我们“听”的经验选项A、C、D 显然可排除。
4. A。词义猜测题。B、C、D三项都是属于the parts of words。
How good are U.S. drivers?
The CBS TV “National Drivers Test” showed that many U.S. drivers have a lot to learn. Here’s why:
CBS picked 1,799 samples(被实验者) to take the test in TV studios in New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, and Los Angeles. More than two out of five of the drivers failed the test. And the average score was the lowest passing mark-51 points out of a possible 80.
Chicago drivers did best with an average of 53 points. Los Angeles drivers came next with 52 points. New York and Philadephia drivers tied(得同样的分数) with 50 points-a failing score. Drivers with 50 points or less were rated(被评价为) “poorly informed” by the judges.
Here are some of the test results:
(1) Are men better informed drivers than women?-Yes. Men averaged 52 points. Women got average of 49.
(2) Are older drivers better informed than younger drivers?-No. Drivers under 26 averaged 52 points. Drivers from 27 to 45 averaged 51. Driver over 45 failed with 48 points on average.
(3) Does education make a difference?-Yes. College graduates averaged 52 points. High school graduates averaged 50. Those without high school diplomas(文凭) got 48. And people who had taken driver education courses scored an average of 53 points-three more than those who hadn’t.
(4) Does driving experience make a difference?-Yes. Drivers with three or more years’ experience averaged 51 points. Drivers with less experience averaged 49.
Here are some surprising facts brought out by the test:
(1)More than one out of three drivers did not know that a blinking(闪烁) red light means a full stop. (2)Three out of ten drivers did not know that an octagonal (eight-sided) sign means stop.
(3)More than two of three drivers did not know what to do when being “tailgated”(危险地,紧接另一辆驶) The answer: slow down, drive to the right, and let the driver behind pass.
The results of the test were turned over to the National Safety Council. They will help future safety planning.
1.The author’s purpose is to ___________.
A.prove that men are better drivers than women |
B.give you safe driving tips(提示) |
C.tell you the results of a national drivers test. |
D.urge you to get an education. |
2.From the information in this article, you could say that _________.
A.older drivers are better informed than younger drivers |
B.experience makes difference among drivers |
C.most drivers failed the test |
D.most people don’t know what a blinking red light means |
3.Which of the following as a group was rated “poorly informed” by the judges?
A.Men. |
B.High school graduate drivers. |
C.Drivers from 27 to 45 years of age. |
D.Drivers with 3 or more years’ experience. |
4.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Men are better informed than women. |
B.Education makes no difference in the pass rate of the drivers. |
C.Chicago drivers are the best informed drivers in America. |
D.The test results will be used as a guide for future safety planning. |
There are two methods by which hydrogen (氢) can be used to power cars. The first way is to use hydrogen to drive the engine, in much the same way as many cars use gas. The second method is to use the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen in a battery, making the car a kind of electric one.
The dream of producing hydrogen in the car while driving along by electrolyzing(电解)water is a long way off, so we are still at the period of batteries and filling the tank with hydrogen gas. This is the difficulty for potential car users and producers. There are only sixteen hydrogen filling stations in Los Angeles and none in 99% of other cities worldwide.
Indeed, some of the big name automobile producers have pulled out of the race to put the first practical hydrogen car on the streets. Ford and GM have announced that they are pulling out in America and so has Renault in France.
However, the Japanese companies are pressing on. In fact, Honda introduced its first hydrogen fuel cell car in 1999. They are now producing second generation hydrogen car known as the FCX Clarity. Guess where they are available for sale? In only one city because of its filling stations.
Honda thinks that they could go into full-scale production of the FCX Clarity by 2020 if the world is prepared for them by then.
Then there are hydrogen-powered buses in several European cities including Amsterdam, Barcelona, Hamburg, London, Luxembourg and Madrid. Lotus, the makers of London taxis, have announced that they propose to manufacture hydrogen-powered taxis in time for the London Olympics.
So, the hydrogen vehicle is out there and the numbers will be growing fairly soon. The buses go back to their bus station, where an electrolyzing machine changes water into fuel for them to fill up on and the same will be the case for many of London’s taxis.
Unfortunately, getting fuel is not the only difficulty for the average motorist, a number of these vehicles cost about $300,000 each.
1.According to the text, hydrogen-powered buses ________.
A.can easily be filled up with gas. |
B.are likely to sell well in the future. |
C.are mainly used in the United States |
D.won’t be used in the London Olympics |
2.What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A.Japanese companies |
B.Hydrogen buses |
C.The FCX Clarity |
D.Filling stations |
3.Where are hydrogen cars currently available for sale?
A.In Barcelona |
B.In Hamburg |
C.In London |
D.In Los Angeles |
4.We can learn from the text that ________.
A.there are sixty hydrogen filling stations all over the world |
B.hydrogen vehicles fueled by water will be very expensive |
C.Honda will mass-produce the FCX Clarity by 2012 |
D.Honda produced its first hydrogen car in 1989 |