题目内容

“Indeed,” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug. When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like.

         Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install (安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversation. Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been annoying.

         We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering ‘a bug’ in his invented record player.”

1. We learn from Paragraph 1 that __________________.

A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug

B.George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug

C.the word bug was still popularly used in English in the nineteenth century

D.both Englishman and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century

2. What does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Explanation.           B. Finding.                            C. Origin.                     D. Fault.

3.The passage is mainly concerned with__________________.

A. the misunderstanding of the word bug

B. the development of the word bug

C. the public views of the word bug

D. the special characteristics of the word bug

 

【答案】

 

1.D

2.D

3.B

【解析】

试题分析：这是一篇叙述英语习语的小短文。主要叙述英语习语a littl bug的语义演变过程。英国人和美国都在18世纪的时候称bugs为昆虫；但是英国人后来就不用了，而美国人一直沿用bugs并且还可用来指人、机器、物体等，有时指电脑设计或者其他设计中的小毛病。

1.细节理解题。根据When Washington wrote that, Englishmen hade been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century,当Washington在1785年日记中写到的时候，英国人已经称昆虫为bugs一个多世纪了，所以英国和美国都用这个词时应该是在18世纪，故选D。

2.词义猜测题。根据That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison. In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” 既然把bugs 称为“little problems and difficulties”小问题和麻烦，这四个选项中只有D接近它，故选D。

3.主旨大意题。根据本文主要叙述的是英语习语a littl bug的语义演变过程，故选B。

考点：文化类短文阅读。

 

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A friend in need is a friend indeed. 是一句谚语。请根据自己的理解和经验，参考所给的汉语提示，以《交友之道》为题写篇短文。词数 80 左右。
要求提示：
１、每个人都需要朋友，如何交友极为重要。
２、要交朋友，首先对别人要友好。微笑是吸引别人的吸铁石（magnet）。
３、要关心别人胜过关心自己。与别人有分歧时，不要争吵，要商讨。
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

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They are both so much related to each other. And both are so dissimilar! What are the differences between friendship and love? Is platonic(柏拉图式的) friendship possible between persons of the opposite sex? 1.

What is friendship? Why do we call a person our friend? When do we call someone a very good friend? If we care for a person, if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with a person, they are our good friends. We can always count upon our good friends in an emergency. We are always sure that our friends will understand why we acted in a certain way. 2. ． The friendship is so deep and the relationship is so intimate, that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends.

?? 3. In a relationship of deep love, all the sharing that we discussed above is taken for granted. But love transcends(超出) all this. During love, we are attached with a particular person, while in friendship, one may have many friends. A loving relationship makes one so much attached to the other that one gets pained if his/her beloved is hurt! Love also involves a physical element. 4. This is a vital difference. Nature gives us love so that the species can go forward. Nature does not give us friendship.

??? Your heart beats will never increase in anticipation of meeting your friend.? 5. You will not feel totally lost, if you don’t meet your friend for a few days. You will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend. But in love, you will do all this and much more. Indeed, there is no comparison between love and friendship.

A.What about love?

B.My answer is “Yes”.

C.Let us try and understand.

D.Friendship does not have that.

E.We need not explain anything to our very good friends.

F.You will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend.

G.The physical element may include hand in hand while walking.

 

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???? In the beginning, Facebook was just meant for Harvard University students to find and contact fellow students. It was meant to serve the purpose of keeping track of who was new to college to get in touch with each other for project purposes.? It was an online directory(目录) , and was founded in 2004 0n the Harvard University campus. However, as soon as it was launched, almost two thirds of the total number of students registered themselves on Facebook. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg, along with Chris Hughes, Dustin Moskovitz. and Eduardo Saverin. helped in the launch of the site. To pursue this, Mark dropped out of Harvard and got into making Facebook a worldwide accessible site, and then to its current stand of being the top social networking site in the world.

???? Today, Facebook rules the social networking world, with one person in fourteen using it. It is also the second most popular site in the US, and is worth billions of dollars. And it has been a success story for the four co-founders, making them all accidental billionaires.

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???? * Time: in 2004

???? * Place: ?? 5.

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???? * To help students contact each other

V.? ? 7.?? :

???? * Mark Elliot Zuckerberg, along with Chris Hughes, Dustin Moskovitz, and Eduardo Saverin

VI. Popularity:

??? * As an??? ? 8.? ?? : having almost two thirds of the students on it

??? * As the top social networking site :

????????????????????????????????????????? ruling? the social networking ;

????????????????????????????????????????? having over???? 9.?? ? in the world;

???????????????????????????????????????????? being ?? 10.?? ? billions of dollars

 

Farah was sitting in the kitchen going over the party list with her mother.The exams were over and Farah wanted to invite her friends for a party.

“Farah，aren’t you going to invite Hafsa？”her mother asked.Hafsa had been her best friend since childhood.

“Mother，you know I am now a part of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with，”Farah answered.

“Really？And what are the rules？”her mother asked.

“Well，only very pretty girls can be part of our group.And Hafsa is so...you know...dark.”

“I cannot believe it，”her mother said angrily. 

As Farah left the kitchen，her father called  her from the living room.

Farah went to her father and paled when she saw the exam report in his hands.“Farah，what has happened to your grades？You have failed in Mathematics，”her father said.

Farah had no answer.The truth was that the activities of Purple Girls Club left her with very little time for studies.

“Farah，it says that you can take part in supplementary exams(补考).If your grades don’t improve then，I’ll cancel(取消) your trip to Spain.”

Farah went to her room and called Gina，the leader of Purple Girls Club， “Gina，can you help me to complete my notes before the exams？”

Gina laughed.“Exams？Who cares about exams？”

One by one，she called her friends in the club but no one seemed to care or wanted to help.

Farah knew Hafsa would help her.Farah also knew Hafsa had been hurt by her，but Hafsa said，“If you need any help，just let me know.We can study together till your exams.”

Next Monday，as two friends entered the school together，Gina called out.

“Farah，you know our rules.You cannot be friends with those who do not belong to our club.”

“Gina，I have a new rule about friendship，”Farah replied.

1.After Farah became a member of Purple Girls  Club，she chose a friend according to a person’s________.

A．looks        B．usual activities      C．grades        D．favorite colors

2.Farah became pale after going to her father because________.

A．he didn’t allow her to go to Spain

B．she didn’t do well in her exams

C．she had to leave Purple Girls Club

D．he asked her to improve her grades

3.Which word can best describe Hafsa?

A．Silly.         B．Beautiful.          C．Rude.        D．Kind.

4.What lesson can we learn from the passage?

A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.

B．A perfect friend will never be found.

C．Be slow in choosing a friend.

D．Friendship can be developed easily.

 

One day, Mr. Arnold was teaching a lesson, and things were going as normally as ever. He was explaining the story of mankind to his pupils. He told them that, in the beginning, men were nomads; they never stayed in the same place for very long. Instead, they would travel about, here and there, in search of food, wherever it was to be found. And when the food ran out, they would move off somewhere else.

He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals. This was an important discovery, because by learning to cultivate(耕作)the land, and care for animals, mankind would always have food steadily available. It also meant that people could remain living in one place, and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to complete, like building towns, cities, and all that were in them. All the children were listening attracted by this story, until Lucy jumped up:

“And if that was so important and improved everything so much, why are we nomads all over again, Mr. Arnold?”

Mr. Arnold didn’t know what to say. Lucy was a very intelligent girl. He knew that she lived with her parents in a house, so she must know that her family were not nomads; so what did she mean?

“We have all become nomads again,” continued Lucy, “The other day, outside the city, they were cutting the forest down. A while ago a fisherman told me how they fish. It’s the same with everyone: when there’s no more forest left the foresters go elsewhere, and when the fish run out the fishermen move on. That’s what the nomads did, isn’t it ?

The teacher nodded, thoughtfully. Really, Lucy was right Mankind had turned into nomads. Instead of looking after the land in a way that we could be sure it would keep supplying our needs, we kept developing it until the land was bare. And then off we would go to the next place! The class spent the rest of the afternoon talking about what they could do to show how to be more civilized.

The next day everyone attended class wearing a green T-shirt, with a message that said “I am not a nomad!”

And , from then on, they set about showing that indeed they were not. Every time they knew they needed something, they made sure that they would get it using care and control. If they needed wood or paper, they would make sure that they got the recycled kind. They ordered their fish from fish farms, making sure that the fish they received were not too young and too small. They only used animals that were well cared for, and brought up on farms.

And so, from their little town, those children managed to give up being nomads again, just as prehistoric men had done, so many thousands of years ago.

1.From Paragraph 2, we can know that______ .

A．people got tired of living in the same place

B．people gradually got used to living in cities

C．people tended to settle down after learning farming

D．people spent a long time in learning to keep animals

2.In the teacher’s opinion, Lucy’s argument was______

A．shocking          B．ridiculous         C．puzzling           D．reasonable

3.Which of the following agrees with the message “I am not a nomad” (Paragraph 7)?

A．People eat young fish for its delicious taste.

B．Foresters leave the place where wood is not available.

C．Fishermen move elsewhere when there is no fish left.

D．People use recycled materials as much as possible.

4.The writer tries to make us believe that ______.

A．mankind has been progressing mainly through traveling about

B．it’s unwise for mankind to use the land in an uncontrolled way

C．it’s quite good for students to learn more about the history of mankind

D．in the beginning men were nomads.

 

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