题目内容

Wheels are everywhere around you and me, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for. We do know, however, that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.

The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia. It is over 5,100 years old. Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didn’t become popular for a while, though. This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.

But it could also be because of a difficult situation. While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces, roads with smooth surfaces weren't going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them. Eventually, road surfaces did become smoother, but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later. There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.

In the mid-1700s,a Frenchman came up with a new design of road--a base layer (层)of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones. A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong, lasting road surface became a reality. At around the same time, metal hubs(the central part of a wheel)came into being, followed by the pneumatic tire (充气轮胎) in 1846. Alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路). As wheel design took off, vehicles go faster and faster.

1.What might be the reason why transport wheels wasn’t that popular for some time?

A. Few knew how to use transport wheels.

B. Humans carried farming tools just as well.

C. Such animals as horses and bulls were still a good means of transport.

D. The existence of transport wheels was not known.

2.How is the last paragraph mainly developed?

A. By giving examples.

B. By following time order

C. By making comparisons.

D. By making classifications.

3.What is the passage mainly about?

A. The beginning of road design.

B. The history of public transport.

C. The developmentt of transport wheels.

D. The invention of fast-moving vehicles.

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Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can’t make us tired. It sounds absurd. But a years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳). To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素) and fatigue products. But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.

So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning. The brain is totally tireless. So what makes us tired?

Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional(情绪的) attitudes. One of England’s most outstanding scientists, J.A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr. Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further. He declares, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”

What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired Joy Satisfaction No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated---those are the emotions that tire sitting workers. Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.

1.What surprised the scientists a few years ago?

A. Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborer’s blood.

B. The brain could work for many hours without fatigue.

C. Albert Einstein didn’t feel worn after a day’s work.

D. A mental worker’s blood was filled with fatigue toxins.

2. According to the author, which of the following can make sitting workers tired?

A. Challenging mental work. B. Endless tasks.

C. Physical labor. D. Unpleasant emotions.

3. Which of the following is properly used to describe the author’s attitude to the scientists’ idea?

A. He hesitates to accept them. B. He doubts them.

C. He argues against them. D. He agrees with them.

4. It is implied in the passage that in order to stay energetic, sitting workers need to ___________.

A. enjoy their work B. have some good food.

C. exercise regularly D. discover fatigue toxins

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。

修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Last weekend，I helped my grandparents with their trip to the Dalian．On Saturday morning，together with my grandparents，I search the Internet for the train schedule，the weather in Dalian，and some hotel informations．In the afternoon，they went to the train station and managed to buy two tickets for my grandparents although there had a long queue．After dinner，I packed the things into the suitcase，what my grandparents would need，such as clothes，glasses，an umbrella，a map．The next morning，I went to the station to show them off．Waved goodbye to them on the platform，I felt happily for them and wished them a safe journey.

Please put the bottle on the top shelf, out of the children’s __________.

A. reach B. hand C. hold D. order

完形填空，阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A young businessman was traveling down a narrow street, driving a bit too fast in his new Benz. He was watching for kids darting out from between parked cars and ________ when he thought he saw something.

As his car passed, one child appeared, and a brick smashed into the Benz’s side door. He slammed on the brakes and ________ the Benz back to the spot from ________ the brick had been thrown.

He jumped out of the car, ________ some kid and pushed him up against a parked car, shouting “What was that all about and who are you? Just what on earth are you doing?” ________ a head of steam, he went on “That’s a new car and that brick you threw is gonna cost a lot of money. Why did you do it?” “Please, mister, please, I’m sorry. I didn’t know what else to do!” pleaded the youngster.

“It’s my brother,” he said. “He rolled ________ the stairs and fell out of his wheelchair and I can’t ________ him up.”

________, the boy asked the businessman, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He’s hurt and he’s too heavy for me.”

Moved beyond words, the driver tried to swallow the ________ swelling lump in his ________ . He lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and took out his handkerchief and wiped the ________ , checking ________ that everything was going to be okay.

“Thank you, sir. And God bless you,” the ________ child said to him. The man then watched the little boy push his brother to the sidewalk toward their home.

It was a long walk back to his Benz...a long, ________ walk. He never did ________ the side door. He kept the damage to remind him not to ________life so fast that someone has to ________ a brick at you to get your attention.

Life whispers in your soul and ________ to your heart. Sometimes, when you don’t have the time to listen...Life throws a brick at your head.

It’s your choice: Listen to the whispers of your soul ________ wait for the brick!

Do you sometimes ignore loved ones because your life is too fast and busy ________ them to wonder whether you really love them?

1.A. sped up B. went out C. slowed down D. pulled back

2.A. spun B. drag C. push D. stretch

3.A. where B. which C. that D. there

4.A. grasped B. got C. arrested D. grabbed

5.A. Rising up B. Opening up C. Building up D. Giving up

6.A. away B. out C. over D. off

7.A. catch B. lift C. seize D. carry

8.A. talking B. shouting C. sobbing D. crying

9.A. abruptly B. roughly C. absolutely D. rapidly

10.A. throat B. heart C. spirit D. tongue

11.A. blood and sweat B. scrapes and cuts C. black and white D. neck and neck

12.A. to see B. to be seen C. to have seen D. to be seeing

13.A. graceful B. grated C. grateful D. gratitude

14.A. slipped B. slow C. steep D. slim

15.A. require B. request C. repair D. recommend

16.A. go after B. go about C. go over D. go through

17.A. kick B. throw C. strike D. beat

18.A. tells B. speaks C. conveys D. says

19.A. or B. but C. and D. for

20.A. ensuring B. letting C. making D. Leaving

书面表达

你们学校学生会最近组织了一次“有烦恼/冲突时向谁倾诉”的调查活动。请根据以下的调查数据，用英语给校报写一篇新闻稿，反映调查结果。

【写作内容】

倾诉对象

同学和朋友

父母和家长

没有

百分比

61%

22%

17%

理由

同龄人容易交流和理解

老师家长阅历丰富，有生活和教育经验

不愿和别人说自己的事或难以与别人相处

【写作要求】

1.字数100词左右；

2.短文的开头已为你写好，不计入句子总数。

Recently the Student Union has carried out a survey—“To whom do you go when in trouble/conflict？” The results are as follows.

The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence-other countries might learn from its mistakes.

For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.

However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.

Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which was a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.

A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top player of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island or Nauru started to look like the moon.

In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.

Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately$433, 600, 000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.

1.What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?

A． Rich and powerful]

B． Modern and open

C． Peaceful and attractive

D． Greedy and aggressive

2.The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from .

A． soil pollution

B． phosphate overmining

C． farming activity

D． whale hunting

3.Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem?

A． Its leaders misused the money

B． It spent too much repairing the island

C． Its phosphate mining cost much money

D． It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

4.What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?

A． The leaders will take the experts' words seriously

B． The phosphate mines were destroyed

C． The island was abandoned by the Nauruans

D． The ecological damage is difficult to repair.

完形填空,阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1 ~ 20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

It was hot and humid. I myself out of the house to ride my bike along the Hudson River. I had myself I would learn to ride with no hands and my summer freedom is decreasing. lifting my hands before losing balance, I rode steadily up the bike path.

Later, I parked my bike and lay down on a wooden . Just as I got , a man appeared in my vision. “It looks like it's going to rain,” he said. “I was just like you once,” the man continued. “One day, I went for a bike ride and lay down on a bench, it started to rain. People walking by me probably thought I was .” I listened, with the rain falling down. “Rain is like therapy （治疗）,” he said, “ you just lie there and let it fall on your face.”

“I'm taking a tai chi class, and there's this word, Kua, that means ‘Everything in the is connected.'” He began to sway （摇晃） a little. “When the shoulders move, the hips move. Everything is connected.” The rain fell , and I told the man I'd better get home. “Nice to meet you,” he said, and we called each other's bikes beautiful before forever.

I had never ridden in the rain before. I was that I wouldn't be able to practice my hands-free skills on the way home. But then a（an） thought came into my mind: Why not? The wind and icy summer rain beat my face my bent knees took turns being first and I my arms in the air, my balance holding strong. I yelled to no one . I'd never been more truly in the moment. Everything was connected.

For the first time, I saw the cruelty of umbrellas for us from the soft, healing, tapping raindrops. Like an umbrella, the codes of urban society prevent us from having with strangers. The danger is understandable, but the of riding a bike with no handlebars and the refreshment of words from a mysterious stranger is worth getting a little wet.

1.A. withdrew B. dragged C. guided D. invited

2.A. promised B. planned C. acknowledged D. arranged

3.A. Immediately B. Frequently C. Occasionally D. Rarely

4.A. floor B. bed C. chair D. bench

5.A. curious B. conscious C. comfortable D. cautious

6.A. as if B. even though C. in case D. only if

7.A. sick B. wet C. mad D. poor

8.A. where B. when C. what D. how

9.A. world B. universe C. sport D. body

10.A. harder B. more rapidly C. bigger D. more suddenly

11.A. parting B. leaving C. breaking D. disappearing

12.A. embarrassed B. disappointed C. satisfied D. amazed

13.A. considerate B. passive C. popular D. wild

14.A. which B. that C. as D. with

15.A. raised B. rose C. arose D. aroused

16.A. in brief B. in particular C. in general D. in secret

17.A. distinguishing B. trapping C. moving D. blocking

18.A. appointments B. conflicts C. fun D. contact

19.A. excitement B. inspiration C. pain D. trouble

20.A. sharp B. difficult C. enjoyable D. wise

During the discussion, Jack ______pointed out that blogs are better than books for their convenience, lower price, and larger range of writing while others kept silent.

A.otherwise B. alone C. alongside D. alike

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