题目内容

1.Here are five things you can do to prepare to pass the TOEFL reading section:
Read textbooks.Academic textbooks that contain study and summary questions at the end of each chapter are an ideal practice tool for the TOEFL reading section.(36)C If possible,have someone who is fluent in English look over your work to check for accuracy.
(37)A Paraphrasing (改述) is a way of summarizing what you have read while maintaining the key points and information.Read magazines,books,textbooks,newspapers,or even blogs that are written in English,and then paraphrase what you have read in your own words.
Practice pronouns.Pronouns can cause a great deal of confusion when trying to determine who did what to whom,even for native English speakers.(38)G And it will also increase your confidence.
Purchase an English-language dictionary and a thesaurus (分类词典).(39)E Once you understand the definition of the word,looking that word up in a thesaurus to find other similar words will increase your vocabulary even more.
Use online practice tests and testing tips.Visit the TOEFL website at www.ets.org/toefl to download a useful test guide for the TOEFL,or to find practice reading tests.
Practicing for the TOEFL reading section will increase your vocabulary and develop your comprehension skills.(40)F

A.Learn to paraphrase.
B.These tools are extremely useful in language learning.
C.Read each section and then answer the related questions.
D.The TOEFL reading section aims to estimate your ability to read and comprehend.
E.looking up new words in a dictionary is a great way to improve your English vocabulary.
F.This will help you pass the test and prove valuable throughout your time studying abroad.
G.A solid grasp on pronoun usage and plenty of practice will help you solve this problem quickly.

分析 文章介绍了为通过托福阅读考试需准备的五个方面.

解答 CAGEF
36.C 上下文语境.根据Read textbooks.Academic textbooks that contain study and summary questions at the end of each chapter are an ideal practice tool for the TOEFL reading section可知,建议我们要阅读课本,阅读每部分然后回答相关问题,故选C.
37.A 上下文语境.从后提到的Paraphrasing (改述) is a way of summarizing what you have read while maintaining the key points and information可知,介绍了什么是paraphrase,故该段的标题是选项A.
38.G上下文语境.根据Practice pronouns.Pronouns can cause a great deal of confusion when trying to…可知,该段是介绍多练习发音,以及练习发音带来的好处,选项G是好处之一,故选G.
39.E上下文语境.根据前句Purchase an English-language dictionary and a thesaurus 可知,购买英文词典和分类词典,因为经常查词典也是提高词汇量的方法,故选E.
40.F上下文语境.根据最后一段Practicing for the TOEFL reading section will increase your vocabulary and develop your comprehension skills可知,练习托福阅读将会增加你的词汇和培养你的阅读技能,有助于你顺利通过考试,故选F.

点评 本文是一篇选句填空,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.

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10.Meet Ben Saunders:adventurer,athlete,motivational speaker.Ben,at the age of 23,was the youngest man to ski solo (单人滑雪) to the North Pole.He dragged a 180-kilogramme sledge (雪橇) over 1,420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions.This year,as well as planning a return to the Arctic,Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn,carrying all his supplies on his sledge.
Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganized first adventure."Everything that could go wrong did go wrong.We were attacked by a bear.We started running out of food.It was just desperate.And we didn't get to the Pole; we didn't get there,so we had no media interest.No one heard about it:no book deal,and no speaking.I was so unhappy."
People said it was impossible for me to get to the Pole.I said,"No,I can get there,"and I did.Self-belief,I see it as being a bit like a muscle-it's my belief that the more you stretch (伸展) yourself,the stronger it gets.If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker.So that's one of the lessons I've figured out along the way.The thing that I've stretched and tested is my self-belief.
"My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me.If I kne w it was possible,if I knew I could do it without too much bother,I wouldn't be interested."Why?"Personally I'm attracted by the human performance element to it.Not that long ago,running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt,and now I wouldn't be that surprised if my mum said she was going to run one next year."
People's horizons (见识) are changing."I'm not particularly gifted,and I'm absolutely average.I've just chosen this one goal to achieve and I've been working hard to realize it.That's it.And that's the thing that attracts me:with enough training and enough determination,enough focus and preparation,how far can we go?And I don't think I've found out yet."

24.What do we know about Ben Saunders'first adventure?B
A.It was supported by his company.
B.There was no press coverage.
C.It was well planned and organized.
D.He actually reached the North Pole.
25.According to Ben Saunders,if you want to stretch your self-belief,you shouldA.
A.try something adventurous     B.often test your confidence   
C.aim to reach the North Pole    D.always stretch your muscles
26.Ben Saunders was excited about his Antarctic adventure becauseC.
A.he wanted to exercise his body
B.he liked running a marathon
C.he knew it might be achievable
D.he was sure he could do it easily
27.What can we learn from the last paragraph?C
A.We may never know our possibilities and energies.
B.We have to change our views about adventure.
C.We should have a reason for going on an adventure.
D.We have to be especially talented to have an adventure.
12.When we give our kids holiday gifts,many of us can't wait to hear their appreciative cries of"thank you!"once the wrapping gets ripped off.But here's a tip:You'd be wise not to expect much gratitude from them for what they receive.
Gratitude can make us happier,healthier,and even fitter.But do the kids show their gratitude for the stuff we buy them?All the research I've done has convinced me that it won't happen.One mom told me that when she asked her 16-year-old son to thank her for buying him a cell phone,he said,"But that's what moms should do."From a teenager's angle,it's a parent's responsibility to take care of the family.According to Dunham,Yale's assistant professor of psychology,"When teenagers code it that way,a gift is no longer something given freely and voluntarily"-it's just mom and dad living up to their obligation.
Parents do have the right to demand good manners and children should thank sincerely whoever gives them something.But kids can't know how blessed they are unless they have a basis for comparison.And they don't learn that by a parent complaining that they're ungrateful.We need to give our children the gift of a wider world view.Show by example that gratitude isn't about stuff-which ultimately can't make any of us happy anyway.It's about realizing how lucky you are and paying your good fortune forward.
You can collect all the charitable appeals and sit down together with the kids to go through them.You set the budget for giving and the kids decide how it's distributed.Once the conversation about gratitude gets started,it's much easier to continue all year.Also you can set up a family routine at bedtime where kids describe three things that have made them grateful.When kids go off to college,you can text them a picture each week of something that inspires your appreciation.
Teaching children to focus on the positive and appreciate the good in their lives is perhaps the greatest gift we can give them.And we can all learn together that the things that really matter aren't on sale at a department store.

32.How do children respond when receiving gifts from their parents?D
A.They show no interest in their parents'gifts.
B.They can't wait to open their parents'gifts.
C.They show much gratitude to their parents for the gifts.
D.They take their parents'gifts for granted.
33.To make children grateful for what they have,parents shouldC.
A.live up to their obligation
B.ask their children to have good manners
C.teach their children by setting an example
D.complain their children are ungrateful
34.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A
A.No gifts are greater than teaching children to be positive and grateful.
B.Children ought to realize how lucky they are to have considerate parents.
C.Children are supposed to decide how to distribute their own money
D.It is easy for parents to start the conversation about gratitude.
35.What's the purpose of the author writing this text?B
A.To explain the reason why children offer no gratitude to their parents.
B.To give advice to parents on how to help children develop gratitude.
C.To encourage parents to do things together with their children.
D.To remind parents of their responsibility to educate their children.
9.Adults are happy to tell their children that crusts (面包皮) will give them curly hair,carrots will help them see in the dark,and spinach will make them strong.Even though adults know it's not totally true,they think it's good for their children's health,a study had found.
In a study about 31 percent of adults said they once told their children the curly hair tale,and 36 percent said they'd been told the same thing by their mother or father.Among the over-50s,almost half said they'd been promised curly hair if they ate their crusts.A quarter of the 2,000 adults questioned in the study told their children carrots would help them see in the dark.This could be true to some extent because of the high levels of vitamin A and beta-carotene in root vegetables.
Another favorite among parents is that milk will make one strong.A third surveyed said their parents told them this,and about 29 percent said they told their children the same thing.But while there is plenty of evidence to suggest milk is good for people's health,there are also a lot of scientific papers saying it isn't.
Thanks to Popeye,spinach is also fed to children,along with the idea that it will make them strong.While there is also some truth in this one,scientists now believe it is not the iron,but the inorganic nitrates (无机硝酸盐) that improve physical power.
One in seven of the surveyed admitted telling their little ones that runner beans will make them run faster,which is nothing more than wordplay and has no basis in science.Almost one in five adults were subjected to the same tale in childhood.
Just over one in 10 parents told their children green food would turn them into a superhero,and a quarter admitted hiding vegetables in meals.
Lyndsay Jones,spokesman for Persil Washing Up Liquid,said,"It's clear that the most persuasive stories about food are passed on from generation to generation.Our research shows that the ideas continue,and we tell our kids the same things our parents told us,even if they're not always entirely true."
Crusts may not make your hair curly,but there's plenty of research that says crusts contain more of the goodness than the rest of a loaf.Hopefully,as a result of our Cook with Kids promise,more parents will be encouraged to spend time with their children in the kitchen and teach them the truth about food.

32.We can know from Paragraph 3 thatC.
A.milk is beneficial to children's physical strength
B.a third people are forced to drink milk by their parents
C.there is doubt whether milk is helpful to people's health 
D.about 29 percent people wish their children good health
33.Which of the following does Lyndsay Jones agree?D
A.Most persuasive stories about food are false.
B.Adults are willing to teach their children as their parents did.
C.Stories about food shouldn't be passed on from generation to generation.
D.Parents can't make sure if some stories about food are totally true.
34.We can learn from the passage thatB.
A.parents are expected to tell children the truth about food
B.scientists think the iron in spinach helps children grow strong
C.runner beans can really make children run fast
D.crusts are said to contain less nutrition than a loaf
35.How is the passage mainly developed?C
A.By making comparisons.
B.By following time order                                   
C.By giving examples.
D.By analyzing causes.
6.For many parents,raising a teenager is like fighting a long war,but years go by without any clear winner.Like a border conflict between neighboring countries,the parent-teen war is about boundaries:Where is the line between what I control and what you do?
Both sides want peace,but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict.In part,this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it.From the parents'point of view,the only cause of their fight is their adolescents'complete unreasonableness.And of course,the teens see it in exactly the same way,except oppositely. Both feel trapped.
In this article,I'll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap.The first no-win situation is quarrel on unimportant things.Examples include the color of the teen's hair,the cleanness of the bedroom,the preferred style of clothing,the child's failure to eat a good breakfast before school,or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends.Second,blaming.The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong.Third,needing to be right.It doesn't matter what the topic is-politics,the laws of physics,or the proper way to break an egg-the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong,for both wish to be considered an authority-someone who actually knows something-and therefore to command respect.Unfortunately,as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other,they'll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.

24.Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?D
A.Both can continue for generations.
B.Neither can be put to an end.
C.Neither has any clear winner.
D.Both are about where to draw the line.
25.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?B
A.The teens accuse their parents of misleading them.
B.The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.
C.The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.
D.The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.
26.Parents and teens want to be right because they want toB.
A.give orders to the other          B.gain respect from the other
C.know more than the other        D.get the other to behave properly
27.What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?D
A.Causes for the parent-teen conflicts
B.Examples of the parent-teen war
C.Future of the parent-teen relationship
D.Solutions for the parent-teen problems.
10.The forces that make Japan one of the world's most earthquake-prone(有…倾向的)countries could become part of its long-term energy solution.
Water from deep below the ground at Japan's tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.Although Japanese high-tech companies are leaders in geothermal(地热的) technology and export it,its use is limited in the nation.
"Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy,"said Yoshiyasu Takefuji,a leading researcher of thermal-electric power production.
The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11,2011 caused a reaction against atomic power,which previously made up 30 percent of Japan's energy needs,and increased interest in alternative energies,which account for only 8 percent.
Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy,following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80percent of its needs.
For now,geothermal energy makes up less than 1percent of the energy needs in Japan,which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.
The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japan's potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.
"We can't even dig 10cm inside national parks."said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric,adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.
Researcher Hideaki Matsui said,"Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades-long project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decrease in the short term."
The Earth Policy Institute in Washington,the US,believed Japan could produce 80,000 megawatts(兆瓦)and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.
Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology,with a 70 percent market share.In 2015,Fuji Electric built the world's largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.

28.In the opinion of Shigeto Yamada,which of the following is important to achieve the growth of geothermal power in Japan?C
A.Financial support from the Japanese government.
B.Enough aid from local people.
C.A revolution of the policy.
D.Development of new high technology.
29.Geothermal energy is considered as a long term programme byB.
A.Yoshiyasu Takefuji
B.HideaJki Matsui
C.Shigeto Yamada
D.Yoko Ono
30.It can be learned from the last two paragraphs thatB.
A.the world's biggest geothermal plant was built by America
B.the potential of Japan's geothermal energy is great
C.it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan
D.Japan will not export its geothermal technology
31.What would be the best title for the text?C
A.The world's largest geothermal plant
B.Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology
C.Japan thinks of geothermal energy
D.Alternative energies in Japan.

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