Question

【题目】阅读理解。

We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school and examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.

Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changed—no examination is perfect—but to have tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in school or on teachers. This would mean that everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the efficiency, the values and the purpose of each teacher.

Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them －a form of favoritism will replace equality. At the moment, the bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates to prove he or she is suitable for a job, while the lack of certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well-respected school. This defending of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away, and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his or her school’s reputation(声誉), unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.

The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different, academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computers.

【1】The word “favoritism” is used to describe the phenomenon that _____.

A. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs

B. bright children also need certificates go get satisfying jobs.

C. poor children with certificates are favored in job markets

D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success

【2】What would happen if exams were taken away according to the author?

A. Schools for bright children would lose their reputation.

B. There would be more opportunities and excellence.

C. Children’s job opportunity would be affected by their school reputation.

D. Children from poor families would be able to change their schools.

【3】The opponents of the examination system will agree that _____.

A. computers should be selected to take over many jobs

B. jobs should not be assigned（分配）by systematic selection

C. special classes are necessary to keep the school standards

D. schools with academic subjects should be done away with

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【解析】

试题分析：本文讨论的主要就是考试和公平的关系，正是为了公平我们才进行各种的考试，给所有的人机会。如果没有了考试，很多事情都无法去衡量。

【1】A推理判断题。本句And from families known to them, a form of favouritism will replace equality.根据上一句Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected school? And from families known to them,说明没有了考试很多的老板就会从名校里找学生，那么这些名校的学生机会有更好的工作，故选A。

【2】C细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二行the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his school’s reputation说明没有了考试，聪明的学生的机会就会因为学校的名誉而失去了，故选C。

【3】B推理判断题。根据文章倒数2,3行all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection.说明他认为工作不应该是按照系统的选择来进行的，而是用不成系统的胡乱第选择来决定的，故选B。