题目内容

【题目】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The most effective way 1(fight) global warming is to plant lots of trees, a study has said. And there is enough space for new trees to cover 3.5 million square miles, Swiss 2(scientist) reported in Science. That area is roughly the size 3the United States.

The study calculated that over the decades, those new trees could suck up nearly 830 billion tons of heat-trapping carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. That’s about as much carbon pollution 4humans have caused in the past 25 years.

Six nations with the most room for new trees 5(be) Russia, the United States, Canada, Australia, Brazil and China.

Study co-author Thomas Crowther 6(figure) that there were other more effective ways besides 7(cut) emissions ( 排放物 ), such as people switching from meat-eating to vegetarianism. But, he said, tree planting was by far the cheapest climate change solution.

Thomas Lovejoy, a George Mason University conservation biologist, called it “a good news story” because planting trees would also help promote the 8(protect) of biodiversity.

“It is not easy or realistic to think the world will suddenly start planting trees everywhere, although many groups have started,” Crowther said. “It’s 9(certain) a monumental challenge, 10 is exactly what people are saying about the problem of climate change.”

【答案】

1to fight

2scientists

3of

4as

5are

6figured

7cutting

8protection

9certainly

10which

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明,对抗全球变暖最有效的方法是种植大量的树木。

1考查不定式作定语。句意:一项研究表明,对抗全球变暖的最有效的方法是种植大量的树木。根据The most effective way可知,此处要用不定式作定语,表示动作还没有发生,to fight global warming对抗全球变暖的,修饰名词way。故填to fight

2考查名词复数。句意:瑞士科学家在《科学》杂志上发表报告称,新种植的树木有足够的空间覆盖350万平方英里的土地。根据谓语动词reported可知此处要用名词做主语,且scientist是可数名词,前面没有不定冠词限定。所以用复数形式表示瑞士的科学家们。故填scientists

3考查介词。句意:这个地区的面积大约相当于美国。the size of…...的大小,of表示所属。故填of

4考查定语从句。句意:这相当于人类在过去25年里所造成的碳污染。短语as…as像…一样,此处是用as引导的定语从句humans have caused in the past 25 years,先行词为carbon pollutionas在定语从句中充当宾语。故填as

5考查时态和主谓一致。句意:俄罗斯、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、巴西和中国是六个新树生长空间最大的国家。此处要用谓语动词,且描述现在的事情,时态为一般现在时,主语是Six nations,因此用are。故填are

6考查时态。句意:该研究的合著者托马斯·克劳瑟认为,除了减排之外,还有其他更有效的方法,比如人们从吃肉转向素食。根据there were可知此处时态是一般过去时,且主语是Study co-author Thomas Crowther,缺少谓语动词,要用动词的过去式。故填figured

7考查动名词。句意:该研究的合著者托马斯·克劳瑟认为,除了减排之外,还有其他更有效的方法,比如人们从吃肉转向素食。besides“除…之外”是介词,后接动名词作宾语。故填cutting

8考查名词。句意:乔治梅森大学的保护生物学家托马斯·洛夫乔伊称这是“一个好消息”,因为植树还有助于促进对生物多样性的保护。根据冠词the可知此处要用名词。故填protection

9考查副词。句意:“这当然是一个巨大的挑战,这正是人们对气候变化问题的看法。”此处要用副词修饰句子。故填certainly

10考查定语从句的关系词。句意:“这当然是一个巨大的挑战,这正是人们对气候变化问题的看法。”此处是由which引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是challenge,指物,且which在句中作主语。故填which

5小题考查了一般现在时的用法。一般现在时的用法如下:

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue. 天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day. 我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。

一般现在时的结构:

1.be动词:主语+beamisare)其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(hesheit)时,要在动词后加-s-es。如:

Mary likes Chinese玛丽喜欢汉语。

一般现在时常用的时间词:oftenusuallysometimesevery dayweekyear..)等。

A.第三人称单数形式的构成

一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词后要加ses,其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同:

1.一般情况下只在动词后加s,如work-workswrite-writes.

2.osxshch结尾的动词,后加-es,如guess-guessesmix-mixesfinish-finishescatch-catches.

3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改yi-es,如study-studies.

注:不规则变化的有 have-has

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