题目内容
Directions: For each blank in the passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Many years ago I was on a bicycle trip through some exceedingly picturesque (如画的) countryside. Suddenly, dark clouds piled up overhead and rain began to fall, but strange to ___50___, several hundred yards ahead of me the sun shone brilliantly. Riding, however, as rapidly as I could, I found it ___51___ to get into the clear. The clouds with their rain kept advancing faster than I could race forward. I continued this unequal contest for an exhausting half hour, ___52___ realizing that I could not win my way to the bright area ahead of me.
Then it dawned upon me that I was wasting my strength in unimportant hurry, while paying no attention whatsoever to the landscape ___53___ which I was making the trip. The storm could not last forever and the discomfort was not unendurable. Indeed, there was much to look at which might ___54___ have escaped me. As I gazed about with sharpened ___55___, I saw colours and lines and shapes that would have appeared differently under brilliant light. The rain mists (薄雾) which now ___56___ the wooded hills and the fresh clearness of the different greens were entrancing (迷人的). My annoyance at the rain was gone and my eagerness to ___57___ it disappeared. It had provided me with a new view and helped me understand that the ___58___ of beauty and satisfaction may be found close at hand within the ___59___ of one’s own sensibilities.
It made me think, then and later, about other matters to which this incident was related. It helped me realize that there is no sense in my ___60___ ever to flee from circumstances and conditions which cannot be avoided but which I might bravely ___61___ and frequently mend and often turn to good account. I know that half the battle is won if I can face trouble with courage, __62__ with spirit, and triumph with humility. It has become ever clearer to me that danger is far from disaster, that defeat may be the forerunner of final ___63___, and that, in the last analysis, all achievement is dangerously weak ___64___ based on enduring principles of moral conduct.
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【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】A
【小题4】C
【小题5】D
【小题6】B
【小题7】A
【小题8】D
【小题9】B
【小题10】C
【小题11】C
【小题12】A
【小题13】C
【小题14】B
【小题15】D
解析试题分析：本文叙述了作者骑车去郊游结果遇到了天气的变化，看到自己所在的地方乌云密布，而那边却是艳阳高照，于是决定拼命地快骑，赶到那边的天空，把自己累的筋疲力尽，却怎么也没有云彩跑得快，于是自己悟出了一个道理。暴风雨不会永不停息，任何不适也并非难以容忍。只要勇敢地面对困难、失望而不沮丧，成功而不骄傲，那我们的人生之战便取得了一半的胜利。
【小题1】考查动词及上下文的呼应。ask问； relate叙述，涉及； understand理解； call打电话。strange to relate说来奇怪，是固定短语；然而令人惊奇的是，故选B。
【小题2】考查形容词及上下文的呼应。easy容易的； likely可能的； impossible不可能的； comfortable舒适的。根据The clouds with their rain kept advancing faster than I could race forward.我蹬着车使劲往前冲，却发现怎么也到不了那片阳光普照之地。故选C。
【小题3】考查连词及上下文的呼应。before在……之前； after在……之后； as因为； while当……时候。半小时后，精疲力尽的我停止了这场不公平的抗争，意识到自己根本无法到达那片晴朗的天地。故选A。
【小题4】考查介词及短语上下文的呼应。in front of在……前面； on account of 由于；for the sake of为了；at the convenience of为了方便。顿时，我豁然开朗，我在毫不重要的事情上疲于奔波，却不曾欣赏途中的景致，忘记了自己旅行的目的。故选C。
【小题5】考查副词及上下文的呼应。therefore因此； consequently因此； accordingly于是，因此； otherwise另外，否则。的确，我差点错过了途中许多美好的景致。故选D。
【小题6】考查名词及上下文的呼应。puzzle 迷惑； appreciation欣赏，感激； wisdom智慧；shock震惊。我满怀感激地凝望着眼前的景色，故选B。
【小题7】考查动词及上下文的呼应。crowned居……之顶，覆盖,笼罩； covered覆盖； swept扫除；floated漂浮。树木繁茂的山上，烟雨朦胧；别样的绿树清新明朗，令人神迷。故选A。
【小题8】考查动词及上下文的呼应。enjoy欣赏； embrace拥抱； surround包围；escape逃离。大雨带给我的烦恼顿时消散，想要逃离的欲望也不复存在。故选D。
【小题9】考查名词及上下文的呼应。resources 资源； sources来源； causes 原因；courses路线。它带给我一种全新的视觉景观，让我懂得美与满足就源自于我们身边，故选B。
【小题10】考查名词及上下文的呼应。distance距离； help 帮助； range范围；comprehension理解。只要细心发现便能唾手可得。故选C。
【小题11】考查动词及上下文的呼应。requesting要求，请求； waiting等候； attempting企图，试图； expecting期待。它让我明白，对于无法避免的环境与条件，企图逃避毫无意义，故选C。
【小题12】考查动词及上下文的呼应。meet遇见，面对； avoid 避免； decline下降；change变化。但我可以勇敢面对它们，故选A。
【小题13】考查名词及上下文的呼应。happiness幸福； joy快乐； disappointment失望； surprise吃惊。我知道，只要勇敢地面对困难、失望而不沮丧，成功而不骄傲，那我们的人生之战便取得了一半的胜利。故选C。
【小题14】考查名词及上下文的呼应。failure失败； victory胜利； relief减轻；decision决定。我也更清楚地意识到，危险远非灾难，而失败也许就是最终胜利的先行者。故选B。
【小题15】考查连词及上下文的呼应。if如果； though即使； until 直到……才；unless除非，如果不。归根结底，一切成就如果不（unless）经受道德准则的考验，就会脆弱不堪，危机重重。故选D。
考点：人生百味类短文。
点评：由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题论述，因此在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的。根据这个原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现或同现的相关词，考生可以根据这些词之间的有机联系来确定答案。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blankets by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Like our body, our memory needs regular exercise to be in good condition. Like the sportsman who must train to allow the body to respond to difficult times, the memory needs its own special training in order to stay in “shape” and improve.
There are many factors that can cause poor memory like insomnia (失眠), depression and alcohol. However, there are simple ways which you can follow to keep your memory in shape and actually help you to improve your memory’s condition and performance.
Never stop learning. Look for topics that interest you and really get involved in learning new information about them. Reading and attending lectures or programs are sources of continuous education of your brain with beneficial results to your memory.
Develop your social and family relationships. The more social you are, the better it is for your brain. Studies have shown that the brain and heart have a lot to gain from good family and social relationships.
Exercise your mind with games. The more you use your brain, the more you help your memory stay in shape. There are many games that can make you an intelligent person as well as entertain you such as chess, puzzles and board games.
Exercise physically can improve your memory. This type of exercise improves the circulatory （血液循环的） system. Even the simple but regular daily exercise such as fast walking can improve the heart and oxygenation（供氧） of the brain. The benefits of exercise affect positively many body systems, as well as our memory and other cognitive（认知的） capabilities.
Eat more fruit and vegetables. What we eat every day affects the performance and long-term condition of our memory. Fruit and vegetables are an excellent source of antioxidants（抗氧化剂） and vitamins that can help and benefit the nervous system.
So our memory is like a sportsman. The more we practice our brains and memory, the better their performance will be.
Title: How to improve memory
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Topic |
1. like insomnia, depression and alcohol can lead to poor memory. We should exercise 2. to keep memory in good condition. |
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Ways to improve memory |
Never stop learning |
3. like reading and attending lectures or programs does good to your memory. |
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Develop social and family relationships |
Good family and social relationships are beneficial to your brain and contribute to 4. as well. |
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Exercise mind with games |
Play chess, puzzles or board games, which is of great benefit to your intelligence and also offers you5. . |
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Take6. exercise |
Physical exercise improves the 7. of the brain, which leads to better memory. |
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Eat more fruit and vegetables. |
Fruit and vegetables are 8. in antioxidants and vitamins that can help and benefit the nervous system. |
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If we practice brains and memory more, they will 10. . |
The concept of health holds different meanings for different people and groups. These meanings have also changed over time. This change is no more evident than in Western society today, when notions of health and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways.
For much of recent Western history, health has been viewed in the physical sense only. That is, good health has been connected to the smooth mechanical operation of the body, while ill health has been attributed to a breakdown in this machine. Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms.
In the late 1940s the World Health Organization challenged this physically and medically oriented (导向的) view of health. They stated that health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 1946). Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind / body / spirit) and not just in physical terms.
The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasizing the importance of the lifestyle and behaviour of the individual. Specific behaviours which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medical health care, but also health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviours and lifestyles. While this individualistic healthy lifestyle approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society), it was of little benefit to people experiencing poverty, unemployment, underemployment or who had little control over the conditions of their daily life.
During the 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live. This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health.
At the Ottawa Conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promotion based on the socio-ecological view of health. This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. In exploring the scope of health promotion it states that:
Good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension (尺度) of the quality of life. Political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural and biological factors can all favour health or be harmful to it. (WHO, 1986)
1.From the passage, we can infer that _________.
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A．good health means not having any illness |
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B．health has different meanings for different people in different periods |
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C．health has always been viewed in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live |
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D．health has always been considered a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quality of life |
2.In the late 1940s, if you ___________, that meant you were healthy.
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A．were strong enough |
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B．were strong, optimistic and happy |
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C．had enough money |
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D．had a good lifestyle |
3. of society benefited most from the healthy lifestyle approach to health.
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A．Rich people |
B．Poor people |
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C．Old people |
D．Young people |
4.The socio-ecological view of health includes the following broad areas EXCEPT ________.
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A．the social contexts |
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B．the environmental contexts |
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C．the economic contexts |
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D．the area of personal development |
5.This passage mainly tells us that .
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A．wealth is health |
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B．health means different things in different periods |
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C．it’s getting harder to be healthy |
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D．people should change their understanding of health over time |
---How did you do in the test yesterday?
-----Not so well. I ______ much better but I misread the directions for writing。
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A．will have done |
B．could have done |
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C．must have done |
D．may have done |
Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
As we all know, all the governments in the world collect taxes（税）, but what are they and what are they used for? Some people may not know about them.
There are two kinds of taxes. One of the most important taxes is income-taxes which a person pays according to the amount of his income. Whatever he is, he must pay tax if income is more than a certain amount. This is called a “direct” tax, because it is paid in money directly to the government.
Another tax is paid on goods. When they are brought into a country, such a tax is paid as part of the price of these goods if they are later sold in shops. We call it “indirect” tax, because it is paid indirectly through the shopkeepers.
People usually complain about having to pay taxes, but they forget that the money is spent on what they need. On one hand, we need policemen and soldiers to protect us from danger. Meanwhile, we also need schools and teachers for our children. On the other hand, we need officials and workers to serve us. Above all, we need money to develop our nation.
Taxes, therefore, can’t be avoided. We have no real reason to complain when we are asked to supply money to be spent for the good of ourselves and for our fellow-citizens.
Title: 1. are necessary in our life
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People→Taxes |
_2.__of taxes |
Tax-payers |
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People whose income is over a certain amount |
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Indirect tax |
___4.__ |
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5. |
Taxes→ 6. |
On safety— 7. |
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On education— 8. |
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9. —Officials and workers |
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On development— 10. |