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I passed my driving test at the fourth attempt. You might think that means I'm not as safe as someone who passed on their first attempt. But would you feel safer with no driver at all? Maybe not, and that's why automotive firms have included driver?assist functions in their driverless cars. This allows the human driver to take over if there is a problem.

Google is one producer that has prototype driverless cars. These cars have been newly equipped with auto?steering wheels and conventional controls to allow normal driving. But this is just a stage — the vision is to have fully automated cars very soon. The director of Google's self?drive project, Chris Urmson, hopes his 11?year?old son will never have to take a driving test. To achieve that, the cars need to be on the roads in five years. He says driverless cars will greatly reduce accidents and traffic jams.

According to Chris, about 1.2 million people are killed on the roads around the world each year. That number is equivalent to a jet falling out of the sky every day. He thinks gradual changes to existing car designs are not enough to deal with the problems. “If we are really going to make changes to our cities, get rid of parking lots, we need self?drive cars,” he says.

Google's prototypes have covered over a million kilometers on the road. They have also had to deal with unexpected situations, such as a child driving a toy car in the road, and a woman in an electric wheelchair chasing a duck. In each case, the car reacted safely.

Some are not convinced. Sven Beiker of Stanford University thinks driverless cars will still need human input in extreme circumstances.

1.According to Paragraph 1, what is the author's chief concern about driverless cars?

A.Functions. B.Safety.

C.Price. D.Appearance.

2.Chris Urmson mentioned his 11?year?old son in order to show that ________.

A.traditional cars are harmful for kids

B.his son is not good at driving

C.his son is a slow learner in driving

D.driverless cars will come soon

3.What is Chris Urmson's comment on self?drive cars?

A.They can solve many existing problems.

B.They are safer than a jet plane.

C.They can completely change our cities.

D.They should change gradually.

4.What can we learn from the text?

A.Google's prototypes will be tested on the roads soon.

B.Self?drive cars are not designed for children or women.

C.Concerns remain about the reliability of self?drive cars.

D.Driving tests will be easier to pass in the near future.

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Visitors to the dry, hot Sonoran Desert of the southern Arizona and northern Mexico are amazed at the many?armed giants. They are the saguaro cacti (树形仙人掌), a giant which gives the landscape its _____________ appearance. In the dry desert the saguaro cacti can live for more than 200 years, grow to a ___________ of 60 feet, and have as many as 50 arms.

More __________, the saguaro cacti still persist despite the unbearable desert climate. Those that have grown to old age have ___________ droughts, freezes, flash floods, and bush fires as well as the ___________ caused by groups of rats that eat their seedlings (秧苗). Like all other desert ___________, these leafless giants can store water for use during the desert's long dry seasons by ____________ water through their long roots.

Naturally, the great saguaro cacti are a(n) __________ part of the desert life. Actually the giants may be ___________ to many animals, including woodpeckers, owls, doves, bats and insects. In addition, after a saguaro __________ the age of 50 or so, cold?resistant flowers ___________ at the top of the plants once a year. These flowers ____________ birds, bats and bees, which come for the honey and for the tasty flowers with their black seeds.

___________ the splendid saguaros are plentiful in the Southwest, they are unfortunately ___________. These giant cacti have great value in landscape gardening, and the thieves can earn thousands of dollars by uprooting and __________ them to nurseries (苗圃). To protect these southwestern ___________, agents for the Arizona Department of Agriculture go around and __________ the desert. It's a most important job though a hard one. But without the saguaro cacti, many desert animals would suffer a lack of __________ and loss of nesting sites. The Southwest, too, would ____________ something of unique importance, since these desert giants have become a ____________ of the dry region.

1.A.general B.basic C.unique D.lovely

2.A.length B.height C.size D.width

3.A.pleasingly B.inspiringly C.interestingly D.amazingly

4.A.lived through B.broken through C.cut through D.got through

5.A.crisis B.damage C.destruction D.load

6.A.plants B.lives C.animals D.creatures

7.A.pouring B.squeezing C.pumping D.absorbing

8.A.independent B.vital C.original D.mysterious

9.A.spot B.field C.home D.camp

10.A.turns B.takes C.meets D.gains

11.A.come up B.come out C.show off D.show up

12.A.call B.trap C.fascinate D.stick

13.A.As B.But C.Although D.Yet

14.A.in danger B.in demand C.in need D.in control

15.A.exchanging B.trading C.offering D.selling

16.A.treasures B.decorations C.possessions D.creations

17.A.look over B.hand over C.watch over D.turn over

18.A.food B.scenery C.water D.flavor

19.A.affect B.abandon C.increase D.lose

20.A.signal B.sign C.mark D.symbol

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Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart. They will in a lifetime, push the chrome?plated_contraptions many miles. But few will know — or even think to ask — who it was that invented them.

Sylvan N. Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937. At that time he was in the supermarket business. Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry.

One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels. The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers, and would help to attract more business.

On June 4, 1937, Goldman's first carts were ready for use in his market. He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving. He couldn't wait to see them using his invention.

But Goldman was disappointed. Most shoppers gave the carts a long look, but hardly anybody would give them a try.

After a while, Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren't using his carts. “Don't you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied.

But Goldman wasn't beaten yet. He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try. To this end, Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! Seeing this, the real customers gradually began copying the phony (假的) customers.

As Goldman had hoped, the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market. But not only did more people come — those who came bought more. With larger easier?to?handle baskets, customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before.

Today's shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman's original model. Perhaps that's one reason why Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937 — the coming of the shopping cart.

1.What do the underlined words “chrome?plated contraptions” in the first paragraph refer to?

A.Baskets. B.Private cars.

C.Suitcases. D.Shopping carts.

2.What was the purpose of Goldman's invention?

A.It was to prove him to be a good inventor.

B.It was to reduce the burden of his employees' work.

C.It was to make shopping easier and attract more business.

D.It was to help the disabled make shopping easily in his market.

3.Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market in order to ________.

A.attract people to buy things in his market

B.encourage people to use his shopping carts

C.make his market different from the others

D.keep the groceries from being stolen

4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Goldman will become very famous because of his invention.

B.Goldman's invention will be regarded as the greatest one in the world.

C.Supermarket business has benefited a lot from Goldman's invention.

D.There will be nothing that can replace Goldman's invention.

完形填空

Mr.Jackson was blind from birth. He owned a fruit ______ on a very busy street. _______ he was visually disabled, he ran his business pretty handsomely. He could see nothing and he could only ______ the things within his reach. ______, he was able to handle it and was content with everything he had.

One day his son came to him. He told Mr. Jackson in ______ that he read in the newspaper of a ______who could operate on his eyes and allow him to see. The father and son traveled to the doctor and paid for the _______ .

After the operation, the doctor asked Mr.Jackson: “What is the first thing you are ______to see when I take the bandages off?” He replied, “I really want to see my beautiful ______ on my stand!”

The doctor and the son ______ Mr.Jackson down to the busy street where his fruit stand had been located for so many years. The doctor ______ unwrapped the bandages _______ he could lay his eyes on the beautiful fruit! Mr.Jackson was so full of _______ that he could finally see his life's work — taking care of his fruit! After a few hours of _______his beautiful fruit stand, he looked down the street both ways and saw there were quite a few fruit stands in both directions. He looked _______ the street and saw many other fruit stands. He spent so much time looking at other people's fruit stands and _______ the competition that soon his own business _______.

From Mr.Jackson's failure, we should know that everyone is a ______ individual with different fingerprints, DNA and thinking. What we need to do is just be ourselves and ______ everyone else to be who they are. Mind our own business and we should never be afraid of the _______.

1.A.stand B.company C.store D.center

2.A.Because B.As C.Although D.When

3.A.remember B.describe C.imagine D.feel

4.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides

5.A.pride B.doubt C.excitement D.surprise

6.A.doctor B.nurse C.chemist D.volunteer

7.A.information B.medicine C.service D.operation

8.A.nervous B.lucky C.eager D.afraid

9.A.flowers B.vegetables C.fruit D.clothing

10.A.sent B.accompanied C.followed D.invited

11.A.suddenly B.curiously C.carefully D.firmly

12.A.so that B.in case C.even if D.if only

13.A.regret B.joy C.courage D.relief

14.A.enjoying B.checking C.judging D.making

15.A.above B.within C.through D.across

16.A.preparing for B.focusing on C.worrying abou D.taking up

17.A.improved B.failed C.appeared D.expanded

18.A.simple B.reliable C.unique D.perfect

19.A.force B.require C.persuade D.allow

20.A.competition B.change C.difference D.disability

阅读七选五。

Smoggy weather has become common in China. But these days, air pollution levels in the northeastern city of Harbin surpassed the previous record levels.

The city was essentially shut down after PM2.5, fine particulate (微粒的) pollution that is considered dangerous, reached levels of 1,000 micrograms per cubic meter — 1.. Schools, motorways and an airport were closed on Tuesday as visibility in some areas of the city dropped to less than 10 meters.

_2.. It stated that there is “sufficient evidence” that exposure to outdoor air pollution causes lung cancer. _3.. Moreover, it's said that exposure has increased significantly particularly in “rapidly industrial countries with large populations”.

On the Chinese social media site Weibo, many users complained about the pollution and shared their concerns. 4.. Nowadays, there is a sarcastic play on the expression “serve the people”, as the two have a similar pronunciation.

5.. There won't be a sudden outbreak of symptoms, but normally three to five days after the smoggy weather occurs, there is a peak in the number of people seeing doctors,” Deng Ying, a doctor at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University was quoted as saying.

A.The impact of air pollution on people will be gradual

B.Smog has been regarded as the biggest killer nowadays in China

C.Just days previously, the World Health Organization classified air pollution as a carcinogen (致癌物)

D.The faster smog comes, the faster it goes away

E.References to “feed people with smog” have become popular on Weibo

F.40 times the safety level reminded by the World Health Organization

G.And meanwhile, the risk of bladder cancer is also closely connected with it

WHAT'S ON & BUY TICKETS IN SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE

“A stand out from any other afternoon tea I have been to. A wonderful way to combine nice food, a glorious opera singing voice and the most amazing harbour in the world. A must do while in Sydney.” a visitor named Carmen M from Australia wrote on www.viator.com in June, 2008

Duration: 2 hours

SEASON: Wednesdays 2 pm—4 pm

PRICES: $145 per person

INFORMATION: Bookings are essential.

To reserve your place: Visit the Guided Tours Desk (located upstairs in the Box Office Foyer)

Call: +612 9250 7250

Venue: Opera Theatre

Sydney Festival welcomes one of Europe's finest acting ensembles, Budapest's Katona Jozsef Theatre, in their acclaimed production of Chekhov's early masterpiece. I?vanov is Chekhov's first performed work and tells the tale of a once idealistic landowner who has lost all interest in life.

Performed in Hungarian with English subtitles.

Warning: This production contains gunshots and nudity.

Duration: 3 hours and 20 minutes with one 30?minute interval

SEASON: 22—27 January

PRICES: Adults: $100

Venue: Drama Theatre

* Concessions: $55

*Concessions are available to Australian full?time students, children under 15. Please ensure you have your Proof of Concession with you when you attend a performance.

“The Complete Works of William Shakespeare all 37 plays in 97 minutes. No performance is ever the same; it's great entertainment for the whole family — Shakespeare fans or not.The Complete Works has something for everyone. It's an unforgettable night out!” said the audience.

“Characters die like flies, fight like Zorro, jump, attack and kill each other until everyone is dead, disguised or drowned.” —Herald Sun

“No matter how extravagant or ridiculous Complete Works becomes, it always remains true to the core of Shakespeare's writings and this is why it works so well.” —The Age

Duration: 2 hours 10 minutes including interval

PRICES: Adults: $75 Children under 10: $60

Venue: Playhouse

1.From the posters, we can infer________ is an ideal place to have a good outside view while enjoying performances.

A.Playhouse B.Drama Theatre

C.Box Office Foyer D.Opera Theatre

2.According to the third poster, The Age is most probably the name of________.

A.a newspaper B.a viewer

C.an actor D.a book

3.Which of the following is the name of a play or a drama?

A.Budapest. B.Ivanov.

C.Zorro. D.Chekhov.

完形填空

On a hot summer day in America, a little boy decided to go for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house. He dived into the cool water, Not _________that as he swam towards the middle of the lake, a crocodile (鳄鱼) was swimming toward him.

His mother _________was looking out of the window and saw the two as they got closer and closer. In great _________ , she ran toward the water, _________ to her son as loudly as she could. Hearing her voice, the little boy became_________ and made a U-turn to swim to his mother. _________ , it was too late. Just as he reached her, the _________ reached him. From the shore, the mother _________ her little boy by the arms just as the crocodile snatched his legs. That began an incredible tug-of-war (拔河) between the _________ The crocodile was much _________ than the mother, but the mother wouldn’t _________ . A farmer _________ to drive by, heard their screams, raced from his truck, took aim and _________ the crocodile.

_________ , after weeks and weeks in the hospital, the little boy survived. His 55 were extremely scarred(留下疤痕) by the attack of the animal. And, on his arms, were deep scratches(抓痕) where his mother's fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved.

The newspaper reporter, who _________ the boy, asked if he would show him his scars. The boy lifted his legs. And then, with obvious _________ , he said to the reporter, “But look at my arms. I have great scars on my arms, too. I have them _________ my Mom wouldn’t let go.”

Never judge another person's _________ , because you don't know _________they were made.

1.A. understanding B. imaging C. realizing D. balancing

2.A. behind the house B. in the house C. in the lake D. on the shore

3.A. fear B. anger C. sadness D. joy

4.A. beating B. frightening C. screaming D. apologizing

5.A. alarmed B. amazed C. calm D. hopeful

6.A.Thus B. So C. therefore D. However

7.A. author B. hunter C. mother D. crocodile

8.A. hugged B. stared C. grabbed D. combined

9.A. two B. three C. scene D. journey

10.A. fiercer B. stronger C. faster D. heavi er

11.A. cut down B. take chances C. go ahead D. let go

12.A. happened B. predicted C. pretended D. bet

13.A. gathered B. gained C. shot D. cut

14.A. importantly B. beneficially C. surprisingly D. Fortunately

15.A. arms B. legs C. fi ngers D. spot

16.A. helped B. saved C. interviewed D. consulted

17.A. pride B. satisfaction C. strength D. gratitude

18.A. where B. because C. unless D. while

19.A. appearance B. limit C. debt D. scar

20.A. when B. how C. where D. as

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