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With the exam ______ in ten minutes, they were asked to hand in their mobile phones．

A． taken place B． taking place

C． having taken place D． to take place

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Throughout the world, boys and girls prefer to play with different types of toys. Boys typically like to play with cars and trucks, while girls typically choose to play with dolls. Why is this? A traditional sociological explanation is that boys and girls are socialized and encouraged to play with different types of toys by their parents, peers, and the “society”. Growing scientific evidence suggests, however, that boys’ and girls’ toy preferences may have a biological origin.

In 2002, Gerianne M. Alexander of Texas A&M University and Melissa Hines of City University in London surprised the scientific world by showing that monkeys showed the same sex typical toy preferences as humans. In the study, Alexander and Hines gave two masculine toys (a ball and a police car), two feminine toys (a soft doll and a cooking pot), and two neutral(中性的) toys (a picture book and a stuffed dog) to 44 male and 44 female monkeys. They then assessed the monkeys’ preference for each toy by measuring how much time they spent with each. Their data showed that male monkeys showed significantly（显著地） greater interest in the masculine toys, and the female monkeys showed significantly greater interest in the feminine toys. The two sexes did not differ in their preference for the neutral toys.

If children’s toy preferences were largely formed by gender socialization, as traditional sociologists’ claim, in which their parents give “gender appropriate” toys to boys and girls, how can these male and female monkeys have the same preferences as boys and girls？They were never socialized by humans, and they had never seen these toys before in their lives.

1.Traditional sociologists believe boys’ and girls’ toy preferences ________.

A. are passed down from their parents

B. have a biological origin

C. have nothing to do with gender socialization

D. are largely formed in later life

2.The study by Alexander and Hines shows that monkeys________.

A. also play toys as humans do

B. also have a sex typical toy preference

C. have no toy preferences

D. like to play different toys at different time

3.Alexander and Hines carried out the study to ________.

A. find out why boys and girls prefer different toys

B. test the intelligence of monkeys

C. test whether monkeys like to play toys

D. find more evidence for traditional sociology

4.Masculine toys are mainly intended for________.

A. monkeys B. adult C. boys D. girls

More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children, a new survey showed last Tuesday.

The survey, published by the Bank of America, studied the rich with $ 3 million or more in assets．It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”.

The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self-made, first-generation rich．Fifty-two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are, and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth．One in their parents said they had never thought to do it.

They are worried that their children would become lazy, spend money freely, make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.

Only 34 percent strongly agreed that t heir children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产) they plan to leave them.

“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation,” said Sallie Krawcheck, president of the Bank of America Globai Wealth and Investment Management．“Our research, however, uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”

The trend is led by the world’s richest man Bill Gates, who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation(基金会), and not to his children.

“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact,” he said.

Of his plans for his children, Gates said: “I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage… they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”

1.We can learn from the passage that .

A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance

B．rich parents don’t equal rich kids, at least in the US

C．American children don’t get to inherit their parents’ wealth

D．poor children don’t expect themselves to be as rich as their parents

2.According to the survey, most rich Americans .

A．think they owe their children nothing

B．think it best to give their money back to society

C．doubt their children’s ability to handle wealth

D．are confident of their children’s ability to handle wealth

3.From the last paragraph, we can see that Bill Gates wants to show .

A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children

B．the positive impact of charity on society

C．the way of giving back to society

D．the importance of independence for children

In the face of tragedy，you must of course let yourself feel: Cry without holding back, shake with fear, yell out in anger, accept and follow your feelings．This is part of the wise approach to tragedy: The Upward Path — the feeling of emotions, the acceptance of them, and the coupling of the emotional mind with wisdom．Along this path, you'll take the experience — no matter how sad or upsetting — as a learning event, just as a11 other points on your journey will prove to be．While tragic, you must recognize this is still a chance for all involved to grow．You should let both sadness and joy, fear and courage, dark and light fill your world, and learn to find your steady, calm center in the midst of the opposing forces．This is the Upward Path．Use the event as a chance to gain balance and discover wisdom — the wisdom of love and of letting go, of non-attachment and non-resistance, and using this experience to eventually help others in need of guidance.

Being able to relate to others who have also experienced tragedy and inspire in them hope — of recovery, and of moving forward — is perhaps the greatest gift you can receive from tragedy．Turn the negative into positive, the pain into connection．After you've taken appropriate time to be sad, to feel your own pain, you should make it your work，your goal, your purpose to connect with others who need help．Show them how you've experienced feelings, achieved balance，and gained wisdom that you would never have otherwise had the chance to learn.

FEEL, but do not FEED on tragedy．Rather, let it inspire you to go beyond the person who you were before．With demise comes renewal, so let this loss be also your rebirth．No matter how hopeless it seems, no matter how difficult this becomes, you have the power to transform yourself into someone greater than you ever knew you could be.

1.When following the Upward Path, the person facing tragedy should _______.

A．free his emotions

B．hold back his feelings

C．fill his world with positive ideas

D．give in to tragedy and all opposing forces

2.According to the author， the greatest gift one gets from tragedy is being able to _______.

A．seek solutions from others

B．forgive others and move on

C．stay calm and resist change

D．understand and help others

3.The purpose of the passage is to _______.

A．analyze the causes of tragedy

B．suggest a way of dealing with tragedy

C．tell people how to prevent tragedy

D．encourage people to build friendship after tragedy

— I can’t bear the air pollution in this city anymore．It is getting worse and worse．

— ________！We’ve never had so many chemical factories before．

A． I wouldn’t bet on it B． You said it

C． Keep it up D． Come off it

It was such an extremely freezing day that I decided to get a cup of hot drinking first after work. As my colleague, Ricky, and I were making our way to a coffee shop, I noticed an old gentleman rather poorly dressed sitting on a bench nearby. Obviously he was frozen, seemingly one of the homeless or someone like that.

We joined the line and waited to be served. Ricky handed the server a twenty-dollar bill, ordered three cups of hot coffee, and gestured the sever to give one to the old gentleman outside on the bench as a favour. The server looked at Ricky, a little perplexed, without full comprehension of the request. Afterwards, there was a wonderful exchange between the server and the old man in need of some attention. I only wished I had taken a photo of the smiles on the both faces.

As I was thinking about this event later on, I wondered to myself why Ricky didn’t perform this act of kindness himself. I suspect that deep down in his heart he was hoping that this act of kindness might inspire others to do something for this old man as well. Absolutely beautiful!

There are many ways of thinking when we met someone as the old man in need of kindness and attention. Perhaps he needs a little helping hand and thanks God for my colleague who inspired the others to goodness as well. Oh, by the way, the last words Ricky told the server was,

“There go I, but for the Grace of God.”

1.What was the author’s impression of the old gentleman?

A. He was a greedy man.

B. He took on a sign of poor manners.

C. He was in poor health.

D. He needed some kind of human care.

2.The underlined word “perplexed” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.

A. annoyed B. confused

C. embarrassed D. determined

3.Why didn’t Ricky give the favour to the old gentleman himself?

A. He didn’t know the old gentleman.

B. He was too shy to speak to strangers.

C. He tried to influence others to be kind.

D. He feared the old man would refuse his help.

4.What the author really thinks absolutely beautiful is that .

A. an act of kindness could go widespread

B. a cup of coffee could warm the old man

C. the server was very kind to customers

D. Ricky had created a good impression

The other day, I was invited my friend Sam’s home for dinner. I felt a bit surprising when I saw Bill there. It was two month since we two had quarreled, so I was embarrassed and didn’t know how to do. I sat down on the sofa but began to watch TV. Later Sam came to ask I to make up with Bill. Until then I realize that Sam had arranged the meeting on purpose. He went up to Bill and greeted him warmly, smiled at him. He looked very happily and talked with me excitedly. That night, we had a great fun together.

I’ve been living in China for a while — long enough to observe the long-term deterioration (退化)of my own native language abilities, as well as those of my fellow English speakers. This deterioration can take different forms, one of which is the non-standard usage of the words. Its source is, specifically, Chinese culture, and its target is native English speakers. Below I give some of the common ways that the Chinese environment strikes down the native speaker’s linguistic competence (语言能力) .

Net bar: In Chinese, they’re called “网吧”, This is fine. We generally call them “Internet café” in English. The Chinese seem to think that “网吧” should be translated as “net bar” in English, and many careless foreigners have even been misled by this idea.

Name card: In the English-speaking world, business people have lots of business meetings to discuss business. On these occasions, business people exchange specially printed pieces of paper known as business cards. In China everyone calls them “name cards”, because in Chinese they are called “名片” and “name card” is a more direct translation .

Bean curd. It’s called “tofu,” OK! This English word comes from Chinese. I know all dictionaries sold in China will tell you “豆腐” is “bean curd” in English and that may represent the two characters nicely, but “bean curd” is more a definition than a comfortable translation. And yet some foreigners start saying “bean curd” rather than tofu. Deplorable (可悲的)！

I think you see the pattern. The normal native way of saying something is replaced by a more unnatural way of saying it using other English words.

If you’ve been living in China for a while and find yourself using all of these, you might be on dangerous ground. You’re going to start making a fool of yourself back home. Look out! Resist Chinglish attempts at destroying your own command of your mother tongue!

1.Which of the following expressions is more native?

A．Bean curd B．Tofu C．Name card D．Net bar

2.How does the writer support his main idea?

A．By comparison B．By examples

C．By reasoning D．By refutation (反驳)

3.What is the main cause of the non-standard usage of the words by native English speakers?

A．Chinese culture

B．Chinese tradition

C．English flexibility(灵活性)

D．Chinese polluted environment

4.The mentioned Chinglish words are created in the way ________.

A．that is generally accepted by native English speakers

B．that is often misunderstood by native English speakers

C．that sounds reasonable to native English speakers

D．that sounds natural to some Chinese

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My Emotional (感人的) Experience in Jaipur

I came to India in February 2012 to complete a volunteer practicum requirement with some friends．It was really an unforgettable experience!

Before we set off, I thought it would be a hard job, ____ that I could not adapt to the poor living conditions．After arriving in Jaipur, we went straight to the hotel that the Center had ____ for us; a relief to us as we were tired from the ___．During the following days we were ____ to the city and had Hindi lessons with our guide Ravi．

On our fourth day in Jaipur we were taken to the head office．There we were ___ for the Child Development Program and over the course we ____ two studies related to child work and child rights．We focused on the experiences of the children who were working and the ____ that pushed them into work．The experience was entirely new for me and I learned so much through the ____．The best part of the work, however, was ____ being in the communities and interacting with the children and their parents．I was ____ to a way of life completely different from my own．In spite of the poor living situations, people in Jaipur were ____．We found that the parents communicated openly with each other and they were always ____ to share their own thoughts and feelings with their children．I could ____ that people in Jaipur have positive relationships with their family and community members．Talking with the people there and hearing their stories was something that had a strong effect on my worldview, continuing to ____ how I understand everything around me now．I have been ____ by the people that I met through this experience．

On the weekends I spent time in Jaipur, ____ the city and shopping．We were ___ enough to be there during Holi, an exciting and colorful celebration in February end or early March in India! We really ____ every minute of the life in Jaipur!

Generally, my practicum experience with Volunteering India was extremely ____．I know that I will be thinking about everything that I saw, learned and ____ in India and look forward to the day that I can return to this amazing country．

1.A． expecting B． worrying C． determining D． promising

2.A． booked B． covered C． reported D． designed

3.A． distance B． program C． movement D． journey

4.A． limited B． arranged C． introduced D． pointed

5.A． responsible B． available C． famous D． powerful

6.A． described B． conducted C． exchanged D． benefited

7.A． standards B． chances C． fears D． causes

8.A． adventure B． memory C． process D． discovery

9.A． really B． simply C． properly D． generally

10.A． exposed B． selected C． compared D． delivered11.A． independent B． attractive C． comfortable D． cheerful

12.A． careful B． willing C． upset D． ashamed

13.A． predict B． advise C． sense D． wonder

14.A． influence B． reflect C． analyze D． test

15.A． reminded B． witnessed C． admitted D． inspired

16.A． identifying B． exploring C． representing D． charging

17.A． curious B． energetic C． lucky D． generous

18.A． valued B． delayed C． confirmed D． permitted

19.A． complex B． reasonable C． reliable D． positive

20.A． declared B． imagined C． experienced D． promoted

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