Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970,when the average age of independent living was ? Why have reduced class sizes and increased per-pupil expenditures (花销)not 36 higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of today’s kids so poor when with that of children in the 1960s and before? Why do today’s become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school?

The answer in two words: parental . Those two words best summarize the between “old” child raising and new, post-1960s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be involved with their kids. They were available crisis, but they stood a (an) distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial-and-error process. It was the child’s , back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was children learned to be responsible and determined.

Today’s parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids’ lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; , the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are .

University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parent participation in children’s academics. Their conclusions what I’ve been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework a child’s academic achievement and is not reflected on standardized tests.

Parents who manage a child’s social life interfere with the of good social skills. Parents who manage a child’s after-school activities grow kids who don’t know how to their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids, with peers grow kids who don’t know how to avoid much less trouble.

These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and don’t want to leave their . And their parents, when the time comes, don’t know how to being parents. You can imagine what will become of their fu ture.

1.A. counted on B. resulted in C. touched on D. taken in

2.A. associated B. linked C. compared D. matched

3.A. parents B. adolescents C. psychologists D. youths

4.A. assistance B. protection C. involvement D. preference

5.A. differences B. similarities C. choices D. relations

6.A. slightly B. passively C. highly D. fairly

7.A. in case of B. in spite of C. in view of D. in fear of

8.A. equal B. safe C. long D. short

9.A. fault B. turn C. job D. attitude

10.A. when B. how C. why D. what

11.A. confused B. disappointed C. amazed D. satisfied

12.A. however B. still C. yet D. thus

13.A. unreasonable B. changeable C. understandable D. avoidable

14.A. confirmed B. convinced C. realized D. reflected

15.A. decides B. lowers C. helps D. stimulates

16.A. appearance B. performance C. establishment D. development

17.A. value B. devote C. fill D. save

18.A. communication B. conflicts C. cooperation D. competitions

19.A. start B. ignore C. consider D. stop

20.A. home B. school C. career D. profession

A

I had arrived at the airport about 30 minutes before the check in.It had been a very busy three days for me with lots of meetings.So I was glad to have the time to make my notes on what I needed to do the following day,but suddenly the announcement came that my flight had to be delayed.

As I sat waiting for my to be called,I reflected on my last meeting of the day.It was not a business meeting but rather a very enjoyable with an old business friend I had not seen for over 12 years.Our lunch was spent recalling times gone by filling each other in what had happened in our lives over the last 12 years.We both laughed and smiled as we the good times and the great experiences we had shared together.

It was great to have this additional time to replay in my mind what we had talked about.I realized just how important it was to have regular of the good times in our life.I was enough to have had the chance to take a short break and look back on the good things that had happened in my life. It was somewhat like looking at an old photo album in a cupboard in your house.There before your eyes are lots of wonderful memories that take you back to times and places,and most importantly to those people who are in the

My flight home was finally called three hours later.I smiled as I the plane and realized that I was not at all about the delay in the flight,as I had been able to spend the time reflecting on the good times from days gone by.

1.A.rest B.extra C.break D.alone

2.A.flight B.number C.turn D.name

3.A.chat B.negotiation C.lunch D.gathering

4.A.as well as B.as far as C.as soon as D.as long as

5.A.reviewed B.reflected C.recalled D.restored

6.A.memories B.rehearsals C.performances D.reminders

7.A.depressed B.embarrassed C.Lucky D.proud

8.A.left out B.stored away C.put out D.set away

9.A.pictures B.cupboard C.present D.past

10.A.took B.boarded C.reached D.1anded

11.A.disturbed B.puzzled C.afraid D.upset

B

My Left Foot (1989)

Imagine being a prisoner of your own body, unable to make any movements except to move your left foot. The main character in My Left Foot, based on the real story of cerebral palsy (大脑性麻痹) sufferer Christy Brown, can barely move his mouth to speak, but by controlling his left foot, he’s able to express himself as an artist and poet. For his moving performance of Brown, Daniel Lewis won his first Academy Award for best actor.

Shine (1996)

Do you have a talent you’re afraid to share with the world? David Helfgott seemed meant from childhood to be “one of the truly great pianists,” but the pressures of performing (and pleasing his father) resulted in a complete breakdown. Ten years in a mental institution didn’t weaken Helfgott’s musical gift: When he was rediscovered, he was playing concertos in a bar. Shine received s even Oscar nominations (提名), and Geoffrey Rush won best actor for his performance of Helfgott. Life Is Beautiful (1997)

Nothing’s more powerful than the love between a parent and a child. In this heartbreaking Italian film, a father (Roberto Benigni) makes an unbelievable sacrifice for his 4-year-old son: trapped in a Nazi concentration camp in 1945, the Jewish man convinces his boy that they are playing a complicated game. He manages to spare him the horror of the terrible war, and even in his final moments of life, keeps his son smiling and hopeful. Benigni won the best actor Oscar.

Stand and Deliver (1988)

Few people can inspire us more than a good teacher. Jaime Escalante (Edward James Olmos got Oscar nomination for best actor) is a great one. Employed at a high school where kids are expected to fail, Escalante challenges his math students to struggle for better things, like getting good grades in the AP exam. Despite the obstacles in their lives, the classmates accomplish their goals, thanks to Mr. Escalante’s support. The real Jaime Escalante, the Best Teacher in America, says that Stand and Deliver is “ 90% truth, 10% drama.”

1.The underlined part in the passage means _________.

A. The main character in My Left Foot is a prisoner

B. The main character in My Left Foot is a disabled person

C. The main character in My Left Foot is trapped by others

D. The main character in My Left Foot can’t control his whole body

2.If you want to watch a movie about wars, which may be one of your choices?

A. My Left Foot. B. Life Is Beautiful.

C. Shine. D. Stand and Deliver.

3.Jaime Escalante has a talent for _________.

A. teaching B. drawing and writing

C. making stories D. playing the piano

4.What do the four movies have in common?

A. They are all based on real stories.

B. The main characters all won Academy Award for Best Actor.

C. They are all inspiring stories that make a difference.

D. The main characters are all sick to some degree but succeed.

D

The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus — until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise (同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

1.Babies are sensitive to the change in______.

A. the size of cards

B. the colour of pictures

C. the shape of patterns

D. the number of objects

2.Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B. To see how babies recognize sounds.

C. To carry their experiment further.

D. To keep the babies’ interest.

3.Where does this text probably come from?

A. Science fiction.

B. Children’s literature.

C. An advertisement.

D. A science report.

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