题目内容

If you dream in color, you’re not alone: the majority of people today claim to have colorful dreams. But it wasn’t always thus. Research conducted in the early part of the last century consistently found that people reported dreaming most often in black and white.

According to Eva Murzyn at the University of Dundee, there are at least two possible explanations for this strange situation.

The first is the methods used in the researches. The early studies tended to use questionnaires(问卷), while more modern studies use dream diaries (filled in upon rising in the morning) or so-called “REM-awakening”, which involves interrupting people’s dream-filled periods of sleep to find out what they were dreaming about. People’s memories of their dreams are likely to be less accurate by using the questionnaire approach and they are more likely to reflect their beliefs about the form dreams generally take in an unclear way.

The second explanation has to do with black and white television and film. It's possible that the sudden increase in black and white film and television during the first half of the last century either affected the form of people’s dreams at that time, or affected their beliefs about the form dreams generally take.

According to Murzyn’s findings, it’s the explanation based on media exposure that carries more weight. She used both questionnaire and diary methods to study the dreams of 30 older (average age 64) and 30 younger people (average age 21).

The methodological technique made no difference to the type of dreams people reported. However, the extremely important thing was that, across both questionnaires and diaries, the older participants (who had had significant early life exposure to black and white media) reported experiencing significantly more black and white dreams over the last ten days than the younger participants (22 per cent vs. 4 per cent).

Another finding was that older participants reported black and white dreams and colorful dreams to be of equal clearness. By contrast, the younger participants reported that the quality of black and white dreams was poorer. This raises the possibility that the younger participants didn’t really have any black and white dreams at all, but were simply regarding poorly remembered dreams as black and white.

We learn from the text that ______.

       A. people in the first half of the last century never had colorful dreams

       B. older people are more likely to have black and white dreams

       C. the dreams of younger people are always colorful

       D. people today don’t have white and black dreams any more

What did Murxyn do to find out the explanations for the colors in people’s dreams?

       A. She applied both questionnaire and diary methods to study people’s dreams.

       B. She used diary methods to record people’s dreams.

       C. She chose 60 people to answer her questions about their dreams.

       D. She woke people up to record the colors of their dreams.

What does the underlined expression “carry more weight” in paragraph 5 mean?

       A. be heavier  B. be more powerful      C. be more important     D. be more useful

From Murxyn’s findings we can infer that ______.

       A. both older people and younger people could report colorful dreams clearly

       B. young people don’t have any black and white dreams in fact

       C. the color of a person’s dream is decided by one’s age

       D. it is probably the color of media that affects the color of one’s dream

【小题1】B

【小题1】A

【小题1】C

【小题1】D


解析:

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完形填空阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

  When Pat Jones finished college, she decided to travel around the world and see as many foreign places as she could   1   she was young.Pat wanted to visit Latin America   2   , so she got a job   3   an English teacher in a school in Bolivia.Pat spoke a little Spanish,   4   she was able to communicate with her students even when they didn't   5   much English.

  A sentence she had read somewhere stuck in her mind:if you dream   6   a foreign language.you have really mastered(掌握)it.Pat repeated this sentence to her students and   7   that some day she would dream in Spanish and they would dream in   8  

  One day, one of her   9   students came up arid explained m Spanish that he had not done his homework.He had   10   early.and had slept   11  

  “What does this have to do with your   12  ?”Pat asked.

  “I dreamed all night, Miss Jones.and my dream was in English?”

  “In English?”Pat was very   13   , since he was such a bad student.She was   14   secretly jealous(嫉妒的).Her   15   was still not in Spanish.But she encouraged(鼓励)her young student.“Well,   16   me about your dream.”

  “All the people in my dream   17   English.”the student said.“And all the signs were in English.All the newspapers and magazines and all the TV programs were in English.”

  “But that's   18   ,”said Pat.“What did all the people say to you?”

  “I'm sorry, Miss Jones.That's   19   I slept so badly.I didn't   20   a word they said.It was a nightmare(噩梦)!”

(1)

[  ]

A.

because

B.

while

C.

if

D.

since

(2)

[  ]

A.

first

B.

at first

C.

last

D.

at last

(3)

[  ]

A.

for

B.

of

C.

as

D.

like

(4)

[  ]

A.

and

B.

but

C.

so

D.

yet

(5)

[  ]

A.

say

B.

know

C.

read

D.

write

(6)

[  ]

A.

in

B.

about

C.

of

D.

for

(7)

[  ]

A.

thought

B.

realized

C.

hoped

D.

wanted

(8)

[  ]

A.

English

B.

Spanish

C.

Russian

D.

German

(9)

[  ]

A.

bright

B.

excellent

C.

hest

D.

worst

(10)

[  ]

A.

got up

B.

gone to bed

C.

fallen asleep

D.

woken up

(11)

[  ]

A.

well

B.

soundly

C.

badly

D.

heavily

(12)

[  ]

A.

English

B.

language

C.

dream

D.

homework

(13)

[  ]

A.

surprised

B.

worried

C.

pleased

D.

excited

(14)

[  ]

A.

yet

B.

seldom

C.

also

D.

still

(15)

[  ]

A.

study

B.

class

C.

work

D.

dream

(16)

[  ]

A.

answer

B.

write

C.

tell

D.

ask

(17)

[  ]

A.

read

B.

liked

C.

spoke

D.

learned

(18)

[  ]

A.

wonderful

B.

terrible

C.

funny

D.

strange

(19)

[  ]

A.

how

B.

why

C.

when

D.

because

(20)

[  ]

A.

hear

B.

understand

C.

know

D.

remember

What did you dream about last night? Did your teeth fall out or did you fly? Maybe you died or someone you know did.Or maybe you were back in high school.These are among the most common dreams people have and they all mean something.Here are some of the most common dreams and their interpretations or symbolism.

Dreams of flying.Dreams of flying represent feelings of freedom that may result from an instance when you overcome a limitation or obstacle.Usually, children have more flying dreams than adults, because children are more open to their possibilities, and adults have often accepted limitations imposed by society.

Teeth falling out.Food in a dream is symbolic of knowledge because food nourishes the physical body and knowledge nourishes the soul.Teeth are a means to break down food or knowledge.When your teeth fall out in a dream, it could signify that you feel ill - equipped to break down the knowledge that you have available, that the way you break things down has changed.That change can be either positive or negative.

High school dreams.High school is a place of learning from the past, and dreaming of being unprepared for a high school test can indicate a struggle to access information you need to handle in your life.

Recurring dreams and nightmares.Recurring dreams are your subconscious (潜意识)mind's way of trying to get your attention.A recurring dream is a step down from a nightmare that is a louder, more insistent way your subconscious mind communicates.If you have a recurring dream, try to stop in the dream and identify what the dream is trying to tell you.That could mean asking someone who is chasing you what he or she wants.A woman dreamed for years that an old, haggard woman was chasing her around her home.When she finally stopped in the dream and asked the old woman what she represented, the old woman suddenly turned into a beautiful young woman and replied, "I represent your question of ' what if?’ "

The text is mainly about ____.

A.high school dreams  B.dreams' symbolism

C.dreams of flying             D.nightmares

After you' ve got out of some difficulties, you might have a ____.

A.high school dream           B.dream of flying

C.dream of teeth falling out          D.a nightmare

If you dream of being unprepared for a "high school test, it means____.

A.you' re trying to learn something

B.you will certainly fail in the test

C.you will be scolded by your teacher

D.you' re not well prepared for the test

The underlined word "identify" in the last paragraph most probably means____.

A.break out       B.recall     C.make out D.explain

The woman' s dream is mentioned mainly to ____.

A.tell us nothing but an interesting story

B.show us what a nightmare is like

C.tell us that women are always changeable

D.show us the way to deal with a recurring dream

What is a dream?
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep.   【小题1】 However, they have been valued as necessary to a person's health and happiness.
Historically people thought dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically believing that they tell about a person's character. 【小题2】  He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears, which would be socially unacceptable in real life.
The second theory to become popular was Carl Jung's compensation theory. Jung, a former student of Freud, said that the purpose of a dream is not to hide something, but rather to communicate it to the dreamer.  【小题3】 Thus, people who think too highly of themselves may  dream about falling; those who think too little of themselves dream of being heroes.
Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that  dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans. , 【小题4】  Until they reach age  five, they can not express very well what their dreams are about. Once people become adults,  there is little or no change in their dreams. The dreams of men and women differ. For instance,
The characters that appear in the dreams of men are often  other men, and often involve physical aggression.
The meaning of dreams continues to be difficult to understand.  【小题5】  If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.

A.Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life.
B.However, people should not take their dreams as reality.
C.They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys.
D.It gives scientists chances to better understand human mind.
E.Children do not dream as much as adults.
F.They think their mind is trying to tell them something.
G.First, there was Sigmund Freud’s theory.

Maricel Apatan,22,stands in the kitchen of the Edsa Shangri—La Hotel in Manila,preparing to decorate a cheesecake. It would seem to be  a(n)__ __ task for a pastry(糕点) chef,but Maricel is no __ __ chef-she has no hands.

“When I first saw Maricel, I was worried she might __ __ herself when using a chef’s knife __ __ that has never been a problem, ” says Maricel’s manager. “She doesn’t get __ __ treatment and works just as hard as the rest of the chefs.”

Despite financial __ __ from Archbishop Ledesma, a distant relative, Maricel __ __ to deal with her disability. “I was __ __ dependent on my mother and couldn’t do anything,” she recalls.

In 2004, Archbishop Ledesma __ __ for Maricel to live in the House with No Steps, a training centre for people with disabilities. She __ __ how to write and do regular tasks and, more importantly, __ __ her disability. She became more determined to __ __ hard to live a normal life.

Maricel __ __ graduated from high school and enrolled(注册) in a two-year Hotel and Restaurant Management course in Cagayan de Oro City. I have really enjoyed __ __ since I was seven years old,” she says.

After Maricel moved back to Manila to continue her studies, the media started reporting __ __ this determined young woman. She didn't shy away from the __ __.“I wanted others living with disabilities to believe it's __ __ to live a normal life,” Maricel says.

Later, Maricel's three younger brothers and sisters moved to Manila.She __ __ the rent of their small apartment, __ __ their parents look after the family farm in Mindanao.“It is difficult to make ends meet but I don't lose __ __. I believe anything is possible if you dream, and work hard.”

1.A.  impossible         B.      simple       C.      practical   D.      important

2.A.  ordinary   B.      admirable C.      talented    D.      gentle

3.A.  absorb      B.      express     C.      hurt  D.      forgive

4.A.  for    B.      or     C.      but   D.      and

5.A.  special      B.      equal         C.      official       D.      effective

6.A.  advice       B.      control      C.      information       D.      help

7.A.  hesitated  B.      disagreed C.      struggled  D.      pretended

8.A.  gradually  B.      hardly       C.      increasingly       D.      totally

9.A.  searched  B.      arranged  C.      applied     D.      begged

10.A.explained B.      realized    C.      wondered         D.     learned

11.A.accepted  B.      blessed     C.      cured        D.      forgot

12.A.think          B.      try    C.      listen         D.      relax

13.A.partly        B.      firstly         C.      eventually         D.      immediately

14.A.reading     B.      cooking     C.      writing      D.      drawing

15.A.beyond     B.      by     C.      against      D.      on

16.A.attention  B.      description        C.      decoration        D.      connection

17.A.successful          B.      difficult     C.      possible    D.      certain

18.A.raises        B.      pays C.      collects     D.      receives

19.A.unless       B.      once          C.      though      D.      while

20.A.memory    B.      weight       C.      hope         D.      patience

 

What is a dream?

For centuries, people have wondered about the strange places that they seem to visit in their sleep.    1.  However, they have been valued as necessary to a person's health and happiness.

Historically people thought dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams scientifically believing that they tell about a person's character.  2.   He believed that dreams allow a person to express fantasies or fears, which would be socially unacceptable in real life.

The second theory to become popular was Carl Jung's compensation theory. Jung, a former student of Freud, said that the purpose of a dream is not to hide something, but rather to communicate it to the dreamer.   3.  Thus, people who think too highly of themselves may  dream about falling; those who think too little of themselves dream of being heroes.

Using more recent research, William Domhoff from the University of California found that  dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop in humans. ,  4.   Until they reach age  five, they can not express very well what their dreams are about. Once people become adults,  there is little or no change in their dreams. The dreams of men and women differ. For instance,

The characters that appear in the dreams of men are often  other men, and often involve physical aggression.

The meaning of dreams continues to be difficult to understand.  5.   If you dream that a loved one is going to die, do not panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that your loved one is going to die.

 

A.Dreams make up for what is lacking in waking life.

B.However, people should not take their dreams as reality.

C.They have been considered as meaningless nighttime journeys.

D.It gives scientists chances to better understand human mind.

E.Children do not dream as much as adults.

F.They think their mind is trying to tell them something.

G.First, there was Sigmund Freud’s theory.

 

 

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