The news which they had won the games surprised us．which改为that．题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

17．The news which they had won the games surprised us．which改为that．

分析他们赢得比赛的消息使我们感到惊讶．

解答答案：which改为that
由于they had won the games 解释的是The news 的内容，故本句是同位语从句；由于该从句中不缺少任何成分，故用连词that．

点评做本题时，首先应掌握同位语从句的结构特点及用法；其次应熟练掌握引导同位语从句的连词that的用法：即它在从句中不担任成分，没有词义，但是它不能省略．

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8．The United States estimates that about one out of every 10 people on the planet today is at least 60 years old．By 2050，it's projected to be one out of 5．This means that not only will there be more old people，but there will be relatively fewer young people to support them．
Professor Richard Lee of the University of California at Berkeley says this aging of the world has a great effect on economics．"Population aging increases the concentration of population in the older ages and therefore it is costly，"he said．
Aging populations consume （消耗） more and produce less．With more people living longer，it could get expensive．But Mr．Lee says with continuing increases in worker productivity and smart planning，it can be manageable．
Societies have different methods for caring for the elderly，but each carries a cost．Generally，there are three types of support．Seniors can live off the wealth they gained when they were younger．They can rely on their family to take care of them，or they can rely on the government．
In industrialized nations，governments created publicly-funded （公共资助的） support systems．These worked relatively well until recent years，when aging population growth in places like the United States and Western Europe began to gradually weaken the systems'finances．These nations now face some tough choices．Mr．Lee says the elderly in some of these countries must either receive less money，retire later or increase taxes to make the system continuable．
Most developing nations haven't built this type of government-funded support，but have instead relied on families to care for their elderly．These nations also generally have a much younger population，which means their situation is not as urgent as more developed nations．But Mr．Lee says that doesn't mean they can ignore the issue．"Third World countries should give very careful thought to this process，to population aging and how it may affect their economies-now，before population aging even becomes an issue，"he explained．
29．"Aging"in this text meansD．
A．there are more young people than old people
B．an increasing number of old people are dying
C．more and more young people are growing old
D．the percentage of old people in the world is increasing
30．What is Professor Richard Lee's attitude towards population aging？B
A．Indifferent．
B．Negative．
C．Optimistic．
D．Worried．
31．The publicly-funded support systems in industrialized nationsA．
A．are facing the risk of failing
B．have failed to provide support for the old
C．will be replaced by other support systems
D．have greatly affected the nations'economies
32．We can infer from the text that developing nationsB．
A．don't see population aging as an issue
B．should prepare for population aging．
C．are facing urgent situations of population aging
D．have better ways to deal with population aging．

5．Spending as little as  5a day on someone else could significantly（较大地） boost happiness，the team at the University of British Columbia found．
Their experiments on more than 630Americans showed they were measurably （可测量出） happier when they spent money on others-even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier．
"We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn，"said Elizabeth Dunn，a psychologist（心理学家） at the University of British Columbia．They asked their 600volunteers first to rate （评估） their general happiness，report their annual income （年收入） and detail their monthly spending including bills，gifts for themselves，gifts for others and donations to charity．
"No matter how much income each person made，those who spent money on others reported greater happiness，while those who spent more on themselves did not，"Dunn said in a statement．
Dunn's team also surveyed 16employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit sharing bonus（红利）of between  3，000and  8，000．"Employees who devoted more of their bonus to prosocial （支持社会） spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus，and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself，"they wrote in their report，published in the journal Science．
They gave their volunteers  5or  20and half and clear instructions on how to spend it．Those who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it．
"These findings suggest that very minor changes in spending allocations （津贴）-as little as $ 5-may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day，"Dunn said．
32．What is the general idea of the passage？D
A．The more you earn，the greater happiness you will get．
B．Spending more money on yourself will make you happier．
C．You can spend only  5a day on someone else to get happiness．
D．If you spend money on someone else，you will feel happier．
33．The underlined word"boost"in the first paragraph probably meansB．
A．help to find    B．help to increase  C．help to bring  D．help to get
34．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？C
A．Very small changes in spending your money may be enough to gain happiness．
B．People usually think spending money on themselves will make them happier．
C．Those who spend more money on others can get much more bonus．
D．Researchers think that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn．
35．Dunn isA．
A．a psychologist at a university
B． an employee in a company
C．a reporter in a journal
D．a volunteer in the experiment．

12．站在那里的男孩音乐方面有天赋．
The boy who is standing therehas a gift formusic．

2．Jack holds the strongbelief （信念） that he will succeed one day if he worked hard．

9．Nowadays the U．S．students are sleepy in school because they spend too much time texting，playing video games，watching TV and using the media in other ways．
"Heavy media use interferes with sleep by reducing sleep duration，making it harder to fall asleep，and lowering sleep quality，"Meilan Zhang，an assistant professor at the University of Texas at El Paso，wrote in her research review in the journal，Sleep Medicine．
But the relationship between youth's media use and sleep is not so simple，said Michael Gradisar，who authored both that review and the Sleep Medicine meta-analysis．"Technology use is the new evidence when we are trying to answer‘Why are school-age children sleeping less？'"said Mr．Gradisar，an associate professor of psychology at Flinders University in Adelaide，Australia．
There may be safe limits to technology use，Mr．Gradisar stated．For instance，recent research results indicate that using a bright screen for an hour before bed or even playing violent video games for less than that will not necessarily interfere with teenagers'sleep，he wrote．
But longer periods of usage can be harmful to sleep，Mr．Gradisar added．Rather than delaying school start times，he said，the first step should be educating parents about limiting the hours that their children are using technology before bed，and enforcing a consistent bedtime．
Early school start times are also commonly blamed for students'sleepiness，especially for adolescents．Secondary schools around the nation and the world have been delaying start times，often with positive results．
Mr．Minnich of the TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center hesitated to put blame to any particular factor．But he did think that cost-saving measures to consolidate（合并）bus routes might help explain U．S．students'sleepiness．
"For those children who board the bus first，they must get up earlier，may end up sleeping on the way to school，and may end up arriving at school sleepy．"he said．

13．Which of the following may be the good way to help kids sleep better？C
A．Parents should be well educated．
B．Technology is forbidden at home．
C．Their playing time must be limited．
D．They are allowed to go to school early．
14．What would be the factors that cause kids sleep troubles according to the textC
a．Using the media．
b．Having breakfast．
c．Catching the bus．
d．The school timetable．
e．Doing too much homework．
A．a，d，e B．b，c，d
C．a，c，d D．b，d，e
15．Which of the following may be the best title for the text？D
A．Kids benefit a lot from technology．
B．Several sleep troubles appear at school．
C．Some tips can help kids sleep well．
D．Several factors affect kids'sleep．

6．I've had my car for five years．It still behaves well and there's nothing wrong with it，so I think it is a reliable friend．

7．During the Spring Festival，there are always parties and family reunion dinners which can create a festive atmosphere．

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