题目内容

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn’t understand why I had no tears.But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying.

So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain.Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so, too, does crying.

Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional(情感的) health, and crying seems to work well.One study found that 85 % of women and 73% of men report feeling better after crying.

Besides, tears attract help from other people Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendlier and they are more ready to provide support and comfort.Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don’t even know we’re very sad until we cry.We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.

Just as crying can be healthy, not crying – holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering- can be bad for physical(身体的) health.Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses.If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry.But when you feel like crying, don’t fight it.It’s a natural – and healthy- emotional response(反应)。

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Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X.But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins.The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.

Her name was Rosalind Franklin.” She should have been up there,” says historian(历史学家) Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision.But now scholars(学者)doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors

At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together.In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子).The rays produced patterns reflection the shape.

But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant.But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.

What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out.And she was not shy about saying so.That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend.Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”

As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am.In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her.Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”

No, Franklin was the solution.“She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA.She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says.This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself.Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.

1.What is the text mainly about?

A.The disagreements among DNA researchers

B.The unfair treatment of Franklin.

C.The process of discovering DNA.

D.The race between two teams of scientists.

2.Watson was angry with Franklin because she

A.took the lead in the competition

B.kept her results from him

C.proved some of his findings wrong

D.shared her data with other scientists

3.Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”?

A.She developed pictures in dark labs.

B.She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA.

C.Her name was forgotten after her death.

D.Her contribution was unknown to the public.

4.What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?

A.Disapproving.

B.Respectful.

C.Admiring.

D.Doubtful.

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I became interested in writing at an early age .So when my fourth-grade teacher told me about a _____ writer’s conference where students of my age could _____ published writers,I decided to go.I began thinking about the writers whose stories I _____ –Judy Blume,Beverly Cleary,Shell Silverstein and _____ if they would be at this conference.

Well,I went to the conference,but I was a little _____.None of them were there.But the conference was well _____,and every half hour we would move on to hear a new writer speak.Soon the _____ period of the day came.A man introduced himself and gave the same little speech we had heard since that morning._____,he threw in a twist(转折)。

_____ are more than just words thrown together,” he said.“Words are more than just_____ thrown together.You must also_____ the mood or the tone(语气)of your ideas.”

He let that idea sink in(领会) and then_____ us about the difference between a house and a home.We all thought that was a_____ question,and made some wild guesses at it.“Class”,he _____ ,”the difference between a house and a home is in the mood or the tone .A house is the_____---the wood,the bricks,the lighting ,the refrigerator.A home is the love and warmth and comfort you _____ as you walk through the_____.”I’ve kept that_____in my memory ever since that day.Writing is more than just filling up a blank page with _____;it’s about expressing your ideas with clarity(清晰) and the mood .And that’s why I _____ it.

1.A.famous B.new C.report D.school

2.A.become B.recognize C.meet D.fellow

3.A wrote B.loved C.believed D.changed

4.A.cared B.doubted C.imagined D.wondered

5.A.disappointed B.confused C.surprised D.worried

6.A.attended B.organized C.informed D.equipped

7.A .happy B.late C .busy D.last

8.A.Anyhow B.Again C.Then D.Therefore

9.A.stories B.Lessons C.lectures D.languages

10.A.sounds B.letters C.spellings D.meanings

11.A.enjoy B.separate C.consider D.notice

12.A.warned B.taught C.told D.asked

13.A.silly B.difficult C.familiar D.serious

14.A.agreed B.suggested C.explained D.attempted

15.A.design B.fortune C.mood D.building

16.A.lack B.feel C.give D.need

17.A.house B.yard C.hall D.door

18.A.expression B.statement C.standard D.rule

19.A.words B.facts C.numbers D.ideas

20.A.like B.understand C.suggest D.stress

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Americans bought an estimated 18 and a half million bicycles last year. Some bikes never get much riding. 1. But a project based in Washington is putting unwanted bikes from the United States to good use in developing countries.

Keith Oberg is the director of Bikes for the World. He said, “Everybody has an old bicycle, and it is usually not ridden. 2.

Bikes for the World collects bicycles and delivers them at low cost to community programs in developing countries. The bicycle recycling program is one of the largest in the United States. It is a sponsored project of the Washington Area Bicyclist Association.

3. Since then it has shipped more than 40,444 bikes to communities in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, says director Keith Oberg.

Bikes for the World partners with nonprofit groups in the United States to collect unwanted bikes. Then it works with nonprofit in the other countries to get the bikes to organizations and individuals that need them the most.

For example, the Bicycle Empowerment Network Namibia uses the bikes to provide transportation for health workers. 4. The organization also has bicycle ambulance services to transport the sick.

The Bicycle Empowerment Network also provides training and support to help local organizations and individuals open bike shops of their own. The businesses sell the recycled bikes at low cost and provide repair services. 5.

A. Mostly they gather dust.

B. However, they are very expensive to buy.

C. It sits there in the garage, or basement or shed, going to waste.

D. Bikes for the World began in 2005.

E. Do you know when Bikes for the world begin?

F. That makes it possible for them to visit more patients each day.

G. Many of the organizations use the money they earn to help pay for other community projects.

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