Children today spend less time outdoors than ever before and it may be harmful not only to their physical health, but also to their cognitive development.A year-long study, recently published in the S 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Children today spend less time outdoors than ever before and it may be harmful not only to their physical health, but also to their cognitive (认知的) development.

A year-long study, recently published in the Sciences, found that elementary school children who were exposed to more green space within or directly outside their school showed improved learning and memory. The findings reinforce (加强) that of a recent six-year study on 905 Massachusetts public elementary schools, which found that students in schools that had more “greenness” in their surroundings reported higher scores on standardized testing in English and math. “There is an expanding body of scientific evidence linking the human experience in the natural world to better physical and mental health and improved cognitive abilities,” journalist Richard Louv, co-founder of the Children & Nature Network, said in an email to The Huffington Post. “An increasing number of homeschoolers, nature preschools, independent primary and secondary schools, and forward-thinking public schools are incorporating (并入) nature experience into learning.”

The new study was conducted on more than 2,500 children in second, third and fourth grade at 36 primary schools in Barcelona, Spain. Researchers found that the students who attended schools with more green space showed a 5 percent improvement in the short-term memory that’s critical for reasoning, learning and comprehension. But their inattentiveness decreased slightly.

Spending time outside could have a number of benefits for children beyond improved memory and attention. Another recent study found that adventurous outdoor play such as climbing, rough and tumble (翻筋斗) play, and exploring alone improves children’s physical health while also help them develop creativity and social skills greatly.

Some schools are starting to take notice, creating more space for children to enjoy being in nature, including community gardens, outdoor playgrounds and small parks.

1.What did the study lasting a year find?

A. The cognitive abilities of children today decreased.

B. The findings of another six-year study were incorrect.

C. Being exposed to nature was beneficial to the learning of pupils.

D. Students had higher scores on testing in English and math than before.

2.According to the passage, what can we know about Richard Louv?

A. He discourages students from getting close to nature to gain experience.

B. He is one of the founders of the Children & Nature Network.

C. He conducted the study on 905 Massachusetts public elementary schools.

D. He often contributes articles to The Huffington Post.

3.Spending time in green space may have little effect on children’s __________.

A. inattentiveness B. creativity

C. communication D. learning

4.In which column of a newspaper can you see this article?

A. Entertainment. B. Travel.

C. Parenting. D. Education.

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书面表达

假设你是学生李华，得知好朋友William在学习中感到压力很大，学习效果甚微，请你按照以下要点给他写一封电子邮件，帮助他放松身心，提高学习效率。

1. 快乐学习，保持愉快的心情；

2. 积极参加体育活动，听听歌曲音乐；

3. 多与同学交流，互相鼓励。

注意：1. 词数100左右，开头和结尾已经为你写好(不记入总词数)，但不得抄入答题卡内。

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear William，

Recently, I have heard that you feel stressed about study. I have a good mind to offer you some advice on how to study effectively.

_________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes.

Li Hua

It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries.

Then one day, some visitors from the city arrived. They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog’s legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places.

This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around, and they were no use to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a better future. But the dream didn’t last long.

The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately.

The villagers decided that they couldn’t just wait to see the crops failing and the children have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(杀虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left.

Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadn’t been useless. They had been doing an important job—eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.

Now, the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs. These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.

1.From paragraph 1 we learn that the villagers __________.

A. worked very hard for centuries

B. were poor but somewhat content (满足的)

C. dreamed of having a better life

D. lived a different life from their forefathers

2.Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs ?

A. The frogs were easy money.

B. They needed money to buy medicine.

C. They wanted to please the visitors.

D. The frogs made too much noise.

3.What might be the cause of the children’s sickness?

A. The crops didn't do well.

B. There were too many insects.

C.The visitors brought in diseases.

D. The pesticides were overused.

4.What can we infer from the last sentence of the text ?

A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country.

B. Health is more important than money.

C. The harmony between man and nature is important

D. good old day will never be forgotten

We _______ very early so we packed the night before．

A．leaveB．had left

C．were leavingD．have left

书面表达

假如你是李华。针对我国假期选择出国旅游的人越来越多，有的游客有乱扔垃圾等现象，请给21st Century Teens编辑部写一封信。内容需要包括以下要点：

1.出境游热的原因，如经济发展的原因、人们对外国文化感兴趣的原因等；

2.旅游中出现了一些不文明现象，如随地吐痰、乱扔垃圾、不排队等；

3.你的态度和看法。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

Dear Editor

LiHua

短文改错

假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该词下面写出该加的词。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词。

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。

My list of favorite books are long. I read a lot and I just keep finding new favorites. In my family, we often talk about the books we are reading and passing around our favorites. It benefits a whole family.

I discovered how share favorite books can help strength a friendship long ago. When I was a kid, my friend Liz became very sicker and was going to miss a lot of school. I fill a big bag with some of my favorite books for her read. She never forgot that. Today, she lives thousand of miles away from me, but she sometimes e-mails with me about the books she is reading.

A Guide

To use or protect all kinds of facilities in the library, follow the procedures given at the circulation desk.

Group Study Rooms（2F）

Students and teaching staff can use these rooms for group study. Students are advised to use unlocked rooms（4 rooms for 2 people, 3 rooms for 4 people） available for free. When you use locked rooms（2 rooms for 4 people, 2 rooms for 10 people）, you need to go through reservation procedures at the circulation desk. These rooms are available for group discussion.

Individual Reading Rooms（1-3F）

There are 4 single rooms available for use by teaching staff and visiting scholars. Each room is equipped with a computer together 1 printer and 6 scanners. Reservation of these rooms is available for a period up to seven days on end.

Meeting Rooms and Seminar Rooms（1-3F）

Only teaching staff and graduate students can apply to use these rooms and reserve them one day in advance. The total number of seats is 40. They are available for workshops and small seminars.

Computer Rooms（4F）

These rooms are available for classes or seminars and so on. The total number of seats is 88. Only teaching staff can apply to use the computer rooms and reserve them one day in advance.

1.How many locked rooms can students and teaching staff use?

A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Seven

2.If teachers want to print, they can go to ________.

A. an individual reading room B. a computer room

C. a group study room D. a seminar room

3.Who can apply to use the computer rooms?

A. Visiting scholars B. Teachers

C. Graduate students D. Teachers and students

书面表达

假定你是李华，你的笔友Jane 最近总是感觉身体不适，因此写信向你询问如何保持健康。请你根据以下要点提示给她回信。

要点提示：1.合理饮食；2. 锻炼身体；3. 保证充足睡眠，不要熬夜。

注意：1. 词数不少于120个（信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jane,

I’m sorry to hear that you are not very well these days.

__________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes.

Yours sincerely.

Lihua

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When I was walking through the forest, I heard someone weeping. I _____ the sound of the soft cry until I saw a woman sitting on the snow. Her eyes were filled with tears for her heavy _____ from life. I sat on the cold snow with her and _____ her my shoulder and my ears.

“What is your name?”, she asked. I smiled at her. _____, my name is Jane, but to comfort her, I said, “My first name is _____, my middle name is Hope and my last name is Compassion(同情) .” I saw a _____smile come upon her face as I asked her “what is your name?” “My name is Ann _____I had given up hope.” I read her a poem through which I _____the

message of self-worth to her. Others will _____us when we love ourselves. _____, it was important for one to have self- worth. After I shared the poem, we talked a while and then I picked a wild rose that was in the snow. It was_____that there was a wild rose in such weather. I placed the rose in her hand and a big_____appeared on her face. Then I felt kind of _____at her change and handed her a piece of paper with my_____on it. I walked away. She called me cheerfully the next day and expressed her _____to me. She told me I truly _____ my name. Obviously, she had found her faith, her hope and her compassion.

We all need someone in life to say I believe in you. _____is as rare as a rose in the snow. When you _____ it, don’t let it ever die. Life is too _____to thank all the people who have encouraged us. We should receive and give encouragement rather than let unimportant things stand_____ our way.

1.A. heard B. followed C. waited D. enjoyed

2.A. heart B. head C. body D. waist

3.A. shared B. brought C. fetched D. offered

4.A. Eventually B. Deliberately C. Actually D. Specially

5.A. Career B. Inspiration C. Motivation D. Faith

6.A. puzzled B. forced C. tired D. worried

7.A. but B. so C. because D. or

8.A. transformed B. left C. conveyed D. took

9.A. tolerate B. serve C. hate D. treasure

10.A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Moreover

11.A. usual B. rare C. dreadful D. admirable

12.A. worry B. satisfaction C. smile D. shock

13. A. interest B. security C. disappointment D. relief

14.A. name B. number C. address D. photo

15.A. regret B. apology C. gratitude D. concern

16.A. lived up to B. looked up to C. came up to D. made up for

17.A. Pleasure B. Friendship C. Passion D. Encouragement

18.A. pass B. receive C. choose D. create

19.A. good B. slow C. short D. happy

20.A. in B. on C. by D. under

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