[题目]Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers, we assume separates the high achievers from the rest.A.asB.whoC.whichD.that 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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【题目】Optimism is the essential ingredient of top performers,__________we assume separates the high achievers from the rest.

A.asB.whoC.whichD.that

【答案】C

【解析】

考查非限制性定语从句。句意：乐观是优秀表现者的基本要素，我们认为这是成功人士与其他人的区别。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the essential ingredient，且先行词在从句中作主语，指代the essential ingredient应用关系代词which，we assume为插入语。A选项中as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意；B选项who在从句中指代人，不符合；D选项that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。

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The most noticeable—and often most annoying—changes are how sleep and wake-up times change and sleep gets lighter, often beginning in middle age. Gone are weekend sleep to 11 a.m. and the ability to sleep through a noisy garbage truck down the block. Older drivers take longer to fall asleep, and they wake up more often. They tend to stay in the deepest stages of sleep for less time than younger adults.

Studies have found that poor sleep can create a particular threat to older adults—Falls, depression and anxiety, problems with memory, and increased suicide (自杀) risk are among the effects of sleep issues in this population group that researchers have found. But scientists are still unsure why those risk connections exist.

What is clear is the connection between good sleep and psychological well-being in older adults. A 2010 study showed us that connection when it came to sleep quality, but sleep quantity didn't show the same effects.

Experts say this may be the key to understanding sleep as you age. If you're sleeping less, but don't feel negative effects out of bed, the changes you notice may just be normal age-related. If you experience a sudden change in your sleep, or poor sleep is affecting your daily life, changing your personality, or your bedmate says you stop breathing when you snore, that could be a sign of something more serious and it's worth visiting your doctor.

【1】What is one of the changes in sleep patterns with aging?

A.People tend to wake up later.B.People sleep more at weekends.

C.People take longer to fall asleep.D.People stay longer in deep sleep.

【2】What will probably happen if the elderly have poor sleep?

A.They may threaten others.B.They may become anxious.

C.They may have better memory.D.They may be unaware of their risks.

【3】What does the 2010 study imply?

A.Both sleep quality and quantity matter with aging.

B.Sleep quantity is the key to older people's mental health.

C.Sleeping well is good for older people's psychological health.

D.The relationship between quality and quantity is not yet clear.

【4】What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Bedtime pattern changes as people age.

B.Poor sleep is more dangerous for older adults.

C.Bedtime pattern changes are not a sign of trouble.

D.People's body changes in different ways with aging.

【题目】假定你是李华，你居住的社区将举办包粽子（wrapping zongzi）活动。请给你的外教Smith写封信。邀请他参加，内容包括：

1. 活动的时间和地点；

2. 活动的目的和意义；

3. 表达你的期待。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（＾），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Our school is planning to offer us a cooking course, to whom students have different attitudes. In my opinions, the cooking course is beneficial but enjoyable. There are a few advantages of attending them. For example, we can learn from a very useful skill to help ourselves not only live independent but also take care of our parents. Besides, taking this course was a way to make us feel relaxing and enrich our school life. To make this course great success, our school should tell us how to cook safely to avoid get hurt while we are practicing cooking.

【题目】假设你是李华，请你根据以下要点，写一封短信向Miss Morgan请假。

内容要点： 1.时间：请假3天，从下星期一到星期三；

2.理由：父亲生病，去照顾；

3.承诺：返校后，尽快将落下的功课补上，努力赶上其他同学。

注意：1. 词数：100左右；

2. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

请假：apply /ask for leave补课：make up

Dear Miss Morgan,

Yours sincerely

Li Hua

【题目】 Is it necessary to learn when we are 50s, 60s or even 70s?Most people consider when they get retired, they are supposed to be completely laidback, do something fun, or hang around.【1】It’s particularly important to the elderly.

Through learning, we know how to think, how to memorize, how to ask questions and even how to interact with others. According to a study, while we are learning, “the brain creates neural(神经)pathways” that make us smarter. 【2】The more we learn, the mote new neural pathways develop in our brains.

When it comes to learning, it doesn’t mean we must load ourselves with lots of knowledge. What we need to do is just learn something we like day in and day out. 【3】Everyone learns from bottom to up. If we have an interest to learn, that desire will naturally push us to move forward.

As we feel worn out from learning, don’t be discouraged.【4】An old saying goes, “Birds of a feather fly together.” As long as we have partners to learn all together, our learning excitement will come alive again. On the contrary, if we don’t learn, and choose to distance ourselves from other, we might be getting dumb, and slow; eventually, we lose energy, and life passion. Instead of being bored, dumb, why don’t we keep learning?

【5】More importantly, learning explores our life horizon, helps us build up our confidence; gradually, it leads us to a way of finding a sense of value and ach.

A.It’s never too old to learn.

B.Don’t worry if we cannot learn well.

C.You should set a high learning target.

D.Learning makes us understand how potential we are.

E.Look for a partner who has the same common interest as you do.

F.In other words, our brains are active as we learn something new.

G.However, the truth is that learning makes us energetic, and self-fulfilled.

【题目】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Fifty years ago, China successfully launched 【1】 (it) first satellite, Dongfanghong 1 , and started a new chapter in space exploration. 【2】(mark) its 50th anniversary, the China National Space Administration announced the name for the country’s Mars planetary exploration program on April 24.

The mission, Tianwen, got its name from a famous poet, Qu Yuan,【3】 wrote the long poem Tianwen. In the poem, Qu raised a series of questions concerning the sky, stars natural phenomena myths and the real world, reflecting his doubts on traditional ideas and his pursuit of truth.

China 【4】 (make) remarkable progress in space exploration. As early as 1970, China launched its first man-made Earth satellite, becoming the fifth country in the world to launch man- made satellites 【5】(independent) . Over the past few years, China’s missions, including the Shenzhou and Chang’e series 【6】(design) to explore outer space, expanded mankind’s understanding of Earth and the universe.

This time, 【7】 Tianwen series will carry out the first Mars exploration mission in 2020.

Experts consider it the start of China’s exploration of Mars, 【8】(represent) a milestone for China’s move toward deep space.

Indeed, 【9】 the name’s deep roots in Chinese traditional culture, it has been widely accepted among the public. Tianwen demonstrates the 【10】(determine) and perseverance (坚持不懈) of Chinese people to move further into deep space.

【题目】 China is known for its long history, rich culture, and cute pandas. It’s also known for some of the worst air quality in the world. But the Asian country is now using a natural weapon against air pollution — trees.

In February, China’s government announced plans to cover at least 32,400 square miles with forest. That is about the size of Ireland. Some 60,000 soldiers will take charge of the tree-planting program. Most of the trees will be planted in Hebei Province. That is an area surrounding China’s capital, Beijing.

Huang Wei is an environmentalist who works for Greenpeace East Asia. She is optimistic about the plan. “Trees act as a sink to absorb carbon dioxide and other pollutants,” she said. Carbon dioxide is a gas that traps the Earth’s heat. It contributes to global warming.

Why is China’s air filled with harmful chemicals? It’s because the country relies on coal-fired power plants. When coal is burned, PM2.5 is produced. PM2.5 is a pollutant. It can cause shortness of breath, heart attacks, and even death.

Just two years ago, pollution levels were so high in Beijing that schools and factories had to close. Huang hopes China’s tree-planting plan will reduce the nation’s suffering from air pollution.

The Chinese government is getting help from others in its drive to make the nation greener. Stefano Boeri is an Italian architect and urban planner. He is leading an effort to plant vertical (垂直的) forests in China.

Boeri’s designs have already taken root in the city of Nanjing, China. That’s where the Nan-jing Green Towers are under construction. The building has two towers. Thousands of trees and hanging plants will grow on the balconies and rooftops.

Boeri says his goal is to design buildings that help the environment and improve air quality. He also hopes to encourage a new generation of green architects.

【1】What measure is China taking to improve the air quality according to the passage?

A.Planting more tress.

B.Closing the electricity factories.

C.Forbidding people to burn coal.

D.Designing new buildings.

【2】What does Huang Wei think of the new plan?

A.Doubtful.B.Uncertain.

C.Promising.D.Ineffective.

【3】Which of the following has the closest meaning to “contributes to” in paragraph 3?

A.Adapts to.B.Results in.

C.Refers to.D.Concentrates on.

【4】Why is Stefano Boeri invited to China to design buildings?

A.Because his design can keep the polluted air outside the house.

B.Because his buildings are built in forest.

C.Because his design is special with two towers.

D.Because his design is environmentally friendly.

【题目】 The Tokyo Summer Olympics is going green. The 5,000 medals Japan has made are more special than most.

One novel focus of the Tokyo Olympics is to be“sustainable”—to avoid using too many natural resources, so that the games are easy on the environment. As part of this goal, the organizers decided to make all of the Olympic medals out of metal recycled from old electronics.

Almost all electronics are made with small amounts of "precious metals", like gold and silver. But collecting enough of these metals to make 5,000 medals was a huge challenge. That's because the amount of metal in each device is tiny. It would take about 20,000 cell phones to get just 1 kilogram of gold.

Beginning in April 2017, the organizers placed collection boxes around the country, and asked people to turn in their old electronic devices. Soon people began to respond to the initiative, turning in smartphones, digital cameras, hand-held games, and laptops. At first, collection went slowly, but soon more and more areas began to take part. By the end, 1,621 local governments had helped out with the collection process.

Then came the job of breaking those devices down into smaller pieces. After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics were smelted (熔炼) to get all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. This is a tricky job, which calls for careful attention and good skill. It's also dangerous, because some of the metals and other things aren't safe for people to touch or breathe.

By the end of March, 2019, the organizers had hit their targets of getting enough metal for the medals. They had collected around3xkilograms of gold, 4,100 kilograms of silver and 2,200 kilograms of bronze. And now all the 5,000 medals are available for the would-be winners.

【1】What can we know about the Tokyo Olympics medals?

A.They are hugely valuable.

B.They are of high quality.

C.They are designed uniquely.

D.They are made from e-waste.

【2】What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?

A.The difficulty of making the medals.

B.The process of collecting old electronics.

C.The initiative to recycle used smartphones.

D.The classification of the collected devices.

【3】The underlined word “tricky”in Paragraph 5 means“ ”.

A.creativeB.well-paid

C.demandingD.time-consuming

【4】What's the purpose of Tokyo's way of making the medals?

A.To advocate sustainable use of resources.

B.To promote the spirit of Olympic Games.

C.To introduce a new technique to make medals.

D.To call people's attention to environmental damage.

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