题目内容
18.Chronic disorganization (慢性失序症)occurs when one has a habit of being disorganized over a long period,which means the person is constantly unsystematic in how he conducts life and business.One suffering from this problem may find relief in the fact that it isn't actually a disease or even an"official"disorder.It's the continued lack of organization in one's life.Someone may become addicted to collecting a certain thing yet never organize the collection as it grows out of control.This can especially be a problem for those with a lot of time and money at hand,yet the problem can be serious for any type of person in a wide variety of situation.
One's personal attitude can often be a big part of why the chronic disorganization exists.Once the attitude of acceptance about being a"slob"is in someone's head,it's hard to remove.If someone tells himself that he is a slob,he will likely live up to that self-image created by him or by those around him.
One first receives true awareness of the disorder of chronic disorganization when it starts to negatively affect relationships with friends and family members.Everybody becomes affected by this situation,especially those sharing living places with the one involved.
The National Study Group for Chronic Disorganization (HSGCD) recommends that one get help through a professional organizer.The study found that all of the subjects in the study had problems with making decisions.There were varied reasons given for this problem of decision-making.Among them were fears and prioritizing issues.Research is ongoing for the link between problems in decision-making and chronic disorganization.
Chronic disorganization often begins with situational disorganization,something most people experience at some point.Someone who has lost someone significant to him may start to be troubled by disorganization after a divorce.Someone who experienced changes in life and in his career is likely to let things like organization and order fall by the wayside.However,one doesn't instantly have chronic disorganization.
"If you're going through hell,keep going."That's an old saying that's true about one's struggles with chronic disorganization.Every person has the power to change within himself.It's a matter of staying organized,one day at a time.Those who have left chronic disorganization in the past have often done so by promising to stay organized simply for that single day.
Definition | ◆It means that the person is (71)habitually disorganized in life and business over a long period.(72)Short of organization,one is likely to have the problem. |
Recognizing the problem | ◆One example is that an addict is(73)unable to organize the collection. ◆The existence of chronic disorganization is partly (74)affected/caused by one's personal attitude. ◆One doesn't (75)realize the disorder of chronic disorganization until it has bad effects on the relationships with friends and family members. |
The findings of the study | ◆All subjects in the study(76)suffer from the problem of poor decision-making,which is linked with chronic disorganization.Further research are still in(77)progress. |
Warning(78)signs | ◆People losing someone significant,going through a divorce or changes in one's life and career have a (79)tendency to ignore organization and order. |
Good news | ◆In(80)wrestling with chronic disorganization,every person has the power to change,at least one single day at a time. |
分析 本文主要讲述慢性失序症的定义和症状以及研究的新成果.
解答 71.habitually 72.Short 73.unable 74.affected/caused 75.realize 76.suffer 77.progress 78.signs 79.tendency 80.wrestling
71.habitually 由第一段第一句"Chronic disorganization(慢性失序症) occurs when one has a habit of being disorganized over a long period,"可知空格处应填习惯的副词,即 habitually.故正确答案为 habitually.
72.Short 根据第一段最后一句"It's the continued lack of organization in one's life."可知 ______ of organization 意为"缺乏组织性",并且在句中作伴随状语.short of 可意为"短缺,缺乏",所以空格处填 Short.lack 作名词,词组 lack of 意为"短缺,缺乏",所以空格处也可填 Lack.所以正确答案为 Short/Lack.
73.unable 由第二段第一句"Someone may become addicted to collecting a certain thing yet never organize the collection as it grows out of control."可以推知一个患者不能够 organize the collection.be unable to do 是固定搭配,意为"不能够…".故正确答案为 unable.
74.affected/caused 由第三段第一句"One's personal attitude can often be a big part of why the chronic disorganization exists."可知慢性失序症存在很大一部分原因可能是一个人的态度,可以推知慢性失序症的存在受一个人态度的影响(affected)或者由一个人态度造成(caused).故正确答案为 affected 或者 caused.
75.realize 由第四段第一句"One first receives true awareness of the disorder of chronic disorganization when it starts to negatively affect relationships with friends and family members."可知一个人不会意识到(realize)慢性失序症直到它对自己和朋友以及家人的关系产生不好的影响时,realize 和 receive true awareness of 对应.故正确答案为 realize.
76.suffer 由第五段第二句"The study found that all of the subjects in the study had problems with making decisions."可知所有的学科都有决策方面的问题,suffer from 是固定搭配,意为"苦于;遭受",符合文意.故正确答案为 suffer.
77.progress 由第五段最后一句"Research is ongoing for the link between problems in decision-making and chronic disorganization."可知研究还在持续,ongoing 意为"不间断的,进行的;前进的",可以替换为 in progress,意为"正在进行;在发展中".故正确答案为 progress.
78.signs 第六段阐述 Chronic disorganization 的表征,可以推测出小标题是警示迹象(signs).故正确答案为 signs.
79.tendency由第六段第三句"Someone who experienced changes in life and in his career is likely to let things like organization and order fall by the wayside."可知经历生活和事业巨变的人很可能开始忽视组织和秩序,fall by the wayside 意为"半途而废".have a tendency to 意为"有做…的趋势",符合文意.故正确答案为 tendency.
80.wrestling由最后一段第二、三句"That's an old saying that's true about one's struggles with chronic disorganization.Every person has the power to change within himself."可知在和慢性失序症作斗争的过程中,每个人都有能力去改变.wrestle with 意为"全力对付;努力克服",更符合文意,且 in 是介词,后面应接动名词.故正确答案为 wrestling.
点评 任务型阅读首先是一篇阅读理解.为了确保对文章准确深刻理解,同时提高解题速度,最终能顺利完成该项任务,考生必须做到:
1.注重平时词汇记忆,熟练掌握考纲词汇中常用词汇的词性转化.
2.了解文章的结构,把握全篇的文,即句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系.
3.加强限时阅读训练,尤其是词数在400~550之间的较长篇幅的阅读训练.
4.系统训练,循序渐进,最终达到相应的解题能力要求.
I couldn't help but remember Jimmy's mother,my daughter,Jane,and her(39)Ato the first day of school.When Julie(40)Dhome that afternoon.I asked her the same question.She also replied with a long,(41)Bface but her answer was a little different as she announced."I didn't learn to(42)Dtoday."
What a disappointment for a little girl who thought she would(43)C know how to read her little books after the first day of school.I had to explain to her that she would(44)Alearn to read but didn't happen quite that fast.
My(45)B went back to my school days again.I could almost(46)D the chalk dust in the air.I suppose few schools still use chalk and blackboards.They have probably been(47)Dwith newer equipment and large computer screens
On the first day of school,the expectation was so(48)Cthat I would be up early in the morning and(49)Clong before it was time to leave for school.We(50)Aabout 6blocks to school(51)D new shoes that felt tight and carried our small supplies inside a cigar box from one of the local stores.The stores must have saved cigar boxes just to give to us children.We(52)Cthem from year to year until they fell apart.
The first day of school was a new beginning,although there might be(53)Con the first day.The doors of knowledge had been opened and we(54)Bgreat learning adventures.It is an (55)Ain our lives that most of us remember.It's a big step for a small child toward leaving babyhood and so"there isn't enough time to play".
36.A.son | B.brother | C.grandson | D.cousin |
37.A.hard | B.loose | C.long | D tired |
38.A.cheer | B sigh | C.concern | D.expression |
39.A.reaction | B.approach | C.attention | D.access |
40.A.escaped | B.left | C.headed | D.returned |
41.A.cheerful | B.sad | C.friendly | D.familiar |
42.A.write | B.speak | C.listen | D.read |
43.A.widely | B.perfectly | C.magically | D.commonly |
44.A.eventually | B.originally | C occasionally | D.constantly |
45.A.idea | B.mind | C.view | D.sight |
46.A.reach | B.imagine | C.taste | D.smell |
47.A.decorated | B.replaced | C.exchanged | D.equipped |
48.A.small | B faint | C.great | D.slight |
49.A.nervous | B.curious | C.ready | D.anxious |
50.A.walked | B,ran | C.drove | D rode |
51.A.on | B.with | C.by | D.in |
52.A.hid | B.saved | C.used | D.protected |
53.A.anxiety | B.excitement | C.disappointment | D.sorrow |
54.A.demanded | B.expected | C.promised | D appreciated |
55.A.event | B.matter | C.affair | D.accident. |
☆Choose activities that are fun and add variety.Develop several activities that you can enjoy.(37)E
☆Wear comfortable,properly fitted shoes and comfortable,loose-fitting clothing appropriate for the weather and the activity.
☆Find a convenient time and place to do activities.(38)D.If you miss an exercise opportunity,work activity into your day another way.
☆Use music to keep yourself entertained.
☆(39)CDecide what kind of support you need.Do you want them to remind you to exercise?Exercise with you regularly or occasionally?Be understanding when you get up early to exercise?Spend time with the children while you exercise?Try not to ask you to change your exercise routine?Share your activity time with others.Ask your family members,friends or co-workers for help.
☆Don't overdo it,especially at first.You can slowly increase the time and intensity (强度) of your activities as you become more fit.(40)B
☆Keep a record of your activities.Reward yourself at times.Nothing will inspire you more than success!
A.see your doctor for medical advice before exercising B.Gradually,exercise on most days of the week for 30-60minutes. C.Surround yourself with supportive people. D.That way,exercise will never seem boring. E.Try to make it a habit,but be flexible(灵活的). F.Be an active role model for your children. G.Here are some tips for exercise success. |
Skin contains something called melanin,which determines a person's skin colour.The more melanin a person has,the darker his or her skin will be.The amount of and production of melanin are controlled by genes,but can be affected by other things,such as sunlight.If a person lives in a place with strong sunlight,his or her skin will protect itself by producing more melanin,making the skin darker.In a place with less sunlight,a person's body will produce less melanin,making the skin lighter.
Skin colour is also affected by another source-vitamin D.Humans all need vitamin D to build bones.People can get it by eating foods such as fish and milk,or from sunlight,which causes vitamin production in the skin.Melanin protects skin by absorbing sunlight,so sunlight absorbed by melanin cannot be used for vitamin D production.Therefore,a dark-skinned person will produce less vitamin D than a light-skinned person when they receive the same amount of sunlight.
The connection between vitamin D production and skin colour is clear when we look at evolution.The earliest humans lived in Africa,their dark skin covered with hair.When they moved to places that had less sunlight,their bodies produced less vitamin D because of their dark skin.As a result,their skin made less melanin,so they could get enough sunlight to produce vitamin D.Their skin gradually got lighter and they lost hair.Now,people who live in areas with strong sunlight,like Africa,have darker skin,while people living in other areas have lighter skin.The exception to this is the Inuit,who live in a place with little sunlight,but have dark skin because they eat a lot of fish and have enough vitamin D.
Evolution has given us a rainbow of skin colours.Humans have always had melanin to determine our skin colour.What has changed through history is the environment where we have lived.This has in turn changed our melanin production,and eventually,skin colour.
A World of Skin Colour
Brief introduction | People living in a particular area usually have the (71)sameskin colour and there are many different skin colours in the world. |
Reasons for skin colour | The reasons for different skin colours mainly (72)lie/consist in biology and history. |
Biological reasons | The amount of melanin,by which a person's skin colour is (73)determined,varies from people to people.The more melanin a person has,the (74)darkerhis or her skin will be. Vitamin D is another source (75)affectingskin colour.Vitamin D is necessary for humans to build bones.Sunlight contributes to vitamin D production in the skin. |
(76)Historical reasons | The earliest people in Africa had dark skin with hair covering it because the sunlight is very strong.. When they moved to places where they could not get enough sunlight to (77)producevitamin D,their skin colour became lighter. Generally speaking,people in areas with strong sunlight,have darker skin (78)whilepeople in other areas have lighter skin. |
(79)Conclusion/Summary | Melanin (80)playsan important role in our skin colour.With our living environment changing,melanin production is changed,which leads to the changes in our skin colour. |