题目内容

19.Humans are among the very few animals that form a threat to elephants.Yet not all people are a danger-and elephants seem to know it.The giants have shown a remarkable ability to use sight and smell to distinguish between African racial groups that have a history of attacking them and groups that do not.Now a study shows that they can even tell these differences from words spoken in the local tongues.
Biologists Karen McComb and Graeme Shannon at the University of Sussex in Brighton,UK,guessed that African elephants might be able to listen to human speech and make use of what they heard.To find out whether this was true,they recorded the voices of men from two Kenyan racial groups calmly saying,"Look,look over there,a group of elephants is coming,"in their native languages.One of these groups was the Maasai,some of whom regularly kill elephants during fierce competition for water or cattle-grazing(放牧) space.The other was the Kamba,a crop-farming group that rarely has treated elephants violently.
The researchers played the recordings to 47elephant family groups at Amboseli National Park in Kenya and monitored the animals'behavior.The differences were remarkable.When the elephants heard the Maasai,they were much more likely to cautiously smell the air or crowd together than when they heard the Kamba.Indeed,the animals bunched together nearly twice as tightly when they heard the Maasai.
"We knew elephants could distinguish the Maasai and Kamba by their clothes and smells,but that they can also do so by their voices alone is really interesting,"says Fritz Vollrath,a zoologist at the University of Oxford,UK.
Attracted by their findings,McComb,Shannon and their colleagues wondered whether the Maasai language on its own was a danger signal,or whether the animals were responding to the combination of the language and the voice of an adult male who was likely to hold a spear.To find out,they recorded Maasai women and boys saying the same phrase,and monitored elephant-family responses to them.They found that the differences were similar to what they saw with the Kamba.

47.What is the main idea of the passage?B
A.Elephants can distinguish their enemies by sight and smell.
B.Elephants can recognize the voices of their Enemies.
C.Elephants have a remarkable ability to distinguish their enemies.
D.Elephants know that not all people are their Enemies.
48.Why did the biologists record the voices of the Maasai and the Kamba?C
A.To find out whether elephants have a good listening ability.
B.To find out the differences in voices between the Maasai and the Kamba.
C.To find out whether elephants can recognize the voices of their Enemies.
D.To find out the different characters between the Maasai and the Kamba.
49.How did the biologists come to the final conclusion in the study?A
A.By comparison.
B.By listing.
C.By discussion.
D.By argument.
50.What may be mentioned right after the last paragraph of this passage?D
A.The elephants were more likely to flee from the voices of Maasai women and boys
B.The elephants did not show any concerns about the voices of Maasai men.
C.The elephants may remain calm while hearing the voices of Maasai men.
D.The elephants were less likely to flee from the voices of Maasai women and boys.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了大象有非凡的辨别敌人的能力,他们能依靠声音辨别出自己的敌人,对于无害的声音则不会逃离.

解答 47.B.主旨大意题.根据文章第一段"The giants have shown a remarkable ability to use sight and smell to distinguish between African racial groups that have a history of attacking them and groups that do not"可知文章主要讲了大象有非凡的辨别敌人的能力;故选B.
48.C.推理判断题.根据文章第二段"To find out whether this was true,they recorded the voices of men from two Kenyan racial groups calmly saying"可知生物学家记录马赛的声音和坎巴是为了找出大象是否能认出敌人的声音;故选C.
49.A.细节理解题.根据文章最后一段"To find out,they recorded Maasai women and boys saying the same phrase,and monitored elephant-family responses to them.They found that the differences were similar to what they saw with the Kamba"可知生物学家是通过比较得出这项研究的最终结论的;故选A.
50.D.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段"To find out,they recorded Maasai women and boys saying the same phrase,and monitored elephant-family responses to them.They found that the differences were similar to what they saw with the Kamba"可知这篇文章之后会提到大象不可能逃离马赛族妇女和孩子的声音;故选D.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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A.With anxiety you are far away from traffic accidents.
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C.Almost everybody has a certain degree of anxiety in certain situations.
D.When you feel stressed out,scared or worried,you are surely suffering from anxiety.
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A.Illness.            B.Experience.
C.Genetics.           D.Environment.
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B.Those suffering from anxiety need others'understanding badly.
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D.Once you suffer from anxiety,you'd better seek for medical treatment.
70.The author will most probably talk aboutC following this passage.
A.what is about anxiety          B.what causes anxiety
C.how to handle anxiety          D.when anxiety becomes serious.

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