题目内容

【题目】短文改错

Dear schoolmates,

In order to get high school students to attaching importance to the environment and improve our sense to protect the environment, and China Daily is planning to hold an interestingly knowledge contest. A contest starts on October 14th and end on 31st.Remember, you can take the contest in China Daily newspaper, that is very popular among high school student. The answer sheet must cut from the newspaper and sent to China Daily after the deadline.

Please pay more attention to the related information of the contest and take an active part in them on time.

Students' Union

【答案】

【1】attaching→attach

【2】第二行and去掉

【3】interestingly改为interesting

【4】A改为The

【5】end后面加s

【6】that改为which

【7】student后面加s

【8】must 后面加be

【9】after改为before

【10】最后一句话中them改为it

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一个通知：为提高保护环境意识，中国日报正计划举办一个有趣的知识竞赛。

【1】attaching改为attach考查动词不定式。句意：为了提高引起学生对环保的注意力，get sb. to do 让某人做某事。

【2】第二行and去掉考查句子结构。根据句意，中国日报计划举办一场有趣的知识竞赛，这是主句，故去掉and。

【3】interestingly改为interesting，考查形容词。“an interesting knowledge contest”一场知识竞赛。修饰名词contest应该用形容词interesting有趣的。故将interestingly改为interesting。

【4】A改为The 考查冠词。上文已经提到过这场比赛，第二次提到要特指用the，故A改为The。

【5】end后面加s考查动词的时态。and连接starts 与ends并列的。

【6】that改为which考查非限制性定语从句 which引导非限制性定语从句，that没有这个功能。

【7】student后面加S考查名词复数。句意：在高中生中很受欢迎，应用复数形式。

【8】must 后面加be考查被动语态。句意：答案被裁剪下来。

【9】after改为before考查连词。句意：答案被裁剪下来寄到中国日报，在截止日期之前。

【10】最后一句话中them改为it考查代词。句意：请注意相关信息，积极参与。it代指这个活动。

【学法指导】

在短文改错中常出现的错误主要有以下几类：

1.名词单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。比如第2句A contest starts on October 14th and end on 31st.and连接starts 与ends是并列的，应用复数形式故把end改为ends。比如第3句that is very popular among high school student在高中生中很受欢迎，应用复数形式，故把student改为students。

2.动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接ing形式的接了to，或相反等。比如第1句In order to get high school students to attaching importance to the environment考查动词不定式。句意：为了提高引起学生对环保的注意力，get sb. to do 让某人做某事，故把attaching改为attach。

3.形容词副词：常出现需形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词where，when，why等的缺失或错用。比如第1句China Daily is planning to hold an interestingly knowledge contest，“an interesting knowledge contest”一场知识竞赛。修饰名词contest应该用形容词interesting有趣的。故将interestingly改为interesting。

4.介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。

5.主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

6.冠词：定冠词the的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the。冠词a和the的误用。比如第2句，A contest starts on October 14th and end on 31st. 句上文已经提到过这场比赛，第二次提到要特指用the，故A改为The。

7.数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用。

8.连词：不符合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so)，或相反等等。比如第1句…protect the environment(这一部分是目的状语，不是一个句子), and China Daily is planning to hold an interestingly knowledge contest.中国日报计划举办一场有趣的知识竞赛，这是主句，故去掉and。比如第4句The answer sheet must cut from the newspaper and sent to China Daily after the deadline.答案被裁剪下来寄到中国日报，在截止日期之前，故after改为before 。

9.代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。比如最后一句话中Please pay more attention to the related information of the contest and take an active part in them on time.句意：请注意相关信息，积极参与。it代指这个活动，用单数代词，them改为it。

10.常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。

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增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

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