题目内容
Directions：Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage．
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．
What is a correct way to take medicine? Reading the question you might think it ridiculous．Actually, how to take medicine means a lot．Knowing it will not only help you preserve the full benefit of your valuable medicine, but also save yourself from potential side effects．For many reasons, no prescription or over-the-counter(非处方的)drug is 100 percent effective in all people or situations．To preserve the full benefit of your medicine, experts say to follow these key steps：
Ask doctors for help．Discuss drug effectiveness with a doctor before getting a prescription．The doctor can help you explain effectiveness data in product instructions．You can also consult a chemist when buying over-the-counter medications．
Store drugs properly．For instance, never store aspirin in the bathroom or the refrigerator．That^s because aspirin, like other drugs, can lose effectiveness in damp conditions．Most prescription drugs today come with special storage instructions．Also, some drugs, such as the antibiotic tetracycline, become ineffective when they are exposed to sunlight．
Do you know how long you should use a certain medicine? Our human body is very smart．It doesn't like any foreign chemical．That's why the body builds up tolerance to many drugs, such as some sleeping pills, and pain medications．If a drug that once was effective no longer seems to help you, consult a doctor before you want to increase the amount of it．
Cutting a sustained-release(药效持久的)pill can make a drug ineffective or even dangerous．That's because too large a dose of a medicine will be distributed quickly．Also avoid emptying capsules into drinks, say coca cola, milk, juice or food like porridge and soup．So take the pill in a correct way．
Do you know when to use medicine? You are advised to use medicine at the right time of the day．The instruction of the medicine Renova recommends applying the product at night．The active drug can be destroyed by sunlight．Also, applying two medicines to your skin at the same time might make them both ineffective．Taking drugs at recommended times, such as before meals, can increase absorption．
Some people may store medicine they bought years ago．In actual fact, over time, many drugs experience chemical changes．So pay attention to expiration(截止)dates listed on labels or ask your chemist a drug ^ s shelf life．Don ^ t hesitate to throw old pills if possible．
As you can see, taking medicine correctly is very important for many reasons, so make sure you follow these tips．
Title： 1 ．
Ⅰ．Purposes ：
·To preserve the full benefit of medicine．
· 2 ．potential side effects．
·Ask doctors for help．
★Understanding 4 ．from doctors and chemists．
·Store drugs properly．
★Some drugs can be 5 ．in wet conditions．
★Others can lose effectiveness when 6 ．
· 7 the amount unless consulting a doctor．
·Never empty capsules into 8 ．
Ⅲ． 10 ．Taking medicine correctly is very important．
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blankets by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Like our body, our memory needs regular exercise to be in good condition. Like the sportsman who must train to allow the body to respond to difficult times, the memory needs its own special training in order to stay in “shape” and improve.
There are many factors that can cause poor memory like insomnia (失眠), depression and alcohol. However, there are simple ways which you can follow to keep your memory in shape and actually help you to improve your memory’s condition and performance.
Never stop learning. Look for topics that interest you and really get involved in learning new information about them. Reading and attending lectures or programs are sources of continuous education of your brain with beneficial results to your memory.
Develop your social and family relationships. The more social you are, the better it is for your brain. Studies have shown that the brain and heart have a lot to gain from good family and social relationships.
Exercise your mind with games. The more you use your brain, the more you help your memory stay in shape. There are many games that can make you an intelligent person as well as entertain you such as chess, puzzles and board games.
Exercise physically can improve your memory. This type of exercise improves the circulatory （血液循环的） system. Even the simple but regular daily exercise such as fast walking can improve the heart and oxygenation（供氧） of the brain. The benefits of exercise affect positively many body systems, as well as our memory and other cognitive（认知的） capabilities.
Eat more fruit and vegetables. What we eat every day affects the performance and long-term condition of our memory. Fruit and vegetables are an excellent source of antioxidants（抗氧化剂） and vitamins that can help and benefit the nervous system.
So our memory is like a sportsman. The more we practice our brains and memory, the better their performance will be.
Title: How to improve memory
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Topic |
1. like insomnia, depression and alcohol can lead to poor memory. We should exercise 2. to keep memory in good condition. |
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Ways to improve memory |
Never stop learning |
3. like reading and attending lectures or programs does good to your memory. |
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Develop social and family relationships |
Good family and social relationships are beneficial to your brain and contribute to 4. as well. |
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Exercise mind with games |
Play chess, puzzles or board games, which is of great benefit to your intelligence and also offers you5. . |
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Take6. exercise |
Physical exercise improves the 7. of the brain, which leads to better memory. |
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Eat more fruit and vegetables. |
Fruit and vegetables are 8. in antioxidants and vitamins that can help and benefit the nervous system. |
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9. |
If we practice brains and memory more, they will 10. . |
The concept of health holds different meanings for different people and groups. These meanings have also changed over time. This change is no more evident than in Western society today, when notions of health and health promotion are being challenged and expanded in new ways.
For much of recent Western history, health has been viewed in the physical sense only. That is, good health has been connected to the smooth mechanical operation of the body, while ill health has been attributed to a breakdown in this machine. Health in this sense has been defined as the absence of disease or illness and is seen in medical terms.
In the late 1940s the World Health Organization challenged this physically and medically oriented (导向的) view of health. They stated that health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and is not merely the absence of disease (WHO, 1946). Health and the person were seen more holistically (mind / body / spirit) and not just in physical terms.
The 1970s was a time of focusing on the prevention of disease and illness by emphasizing the importance of the lifestyle and behaviour of the individual. Specific behaviours which were seen to increase risk of disease, such as smoking, lack of fitness and unhealthy eating habits, were targeted. Creating health meant providing not only medical health care, but also health promotion programs and policies which would help people maintain healthy behaviours and lifestyles. While this individualistic healthy lifestyle approach to health worked for some (the wealthy members of society), it was of little benefit to people experiencing poverty, unemployment, underemployment or who had little control over the conditions of their daily life.
During the 1980s and 1990s there has been a growing swing away from seeing lifestyle risks as the root cause of poor health. While lifestyle factors still remain important, health is being viewed also in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live. This broad approach to health is called the socio-ecological view of health.
At the Ottawa Conference in 1986, a charter was developed which outlined new directions for health promotion based on the socio-ecological view of health. This charter, known as the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, remains as the backbone of health action today. In exploring the scope of health promotion it states that:
Good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension (尺度) of the quality of life. Political, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural and biological factors can all favour health or be harmful to it. (WHO, 1986)
1.From the passage, we can infer that _________.
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A．good health means not having any illness |
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B．health has different meanings for different people in different periods |
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C．health has always been viewed in terms of the social, economic and environmental contexts in which people live |
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D．health has always been considered a major resource for social, economic and personal development and an important dimension of quality of life |
2.In the late 1940s, if you ___________, that meant you were healthy.
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A．were strong enough |
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B．were strong, optimistic and happy |
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C．had enough money |
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D．had a good lifestyle |
3. of society benefited most from the healthy lifestyle approach to health.
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A．Rich people |
B．Poor people |
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C．Old people |
D．Young people |
4.The socio-ecological view of health includes the following broad areas EXCEPT ________.
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A．the social contexts |
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B．the environmental contexts |
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C．the economic contexts |
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D．the area of personal development |
5.This passage mainly tells us that .
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A．wealth is health |
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B．health means different things in different periods |
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C．it’s getting harder to be healthy |
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D．people should change their understanding of health over time |
---How did you do in the test yesterday?
-----Not so well. I ______ much better but I misread the directions for writing。
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A．will have done |
B．could have done |
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C．must have done |
D．may have done |
Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
As we all know, all the governments in the world collect taxes（税）, but what are they and what are they used for? Some people may not know about them.
There are two kinds of taxes. One of the most important taxes is income-taxes which a person pays according to the amount of his income. Whatever he is, he must pay tax if income is more than a certain amount. This is called a “direct” tax, because it is paid in money directly to the government.
Another tax is paid on goods. When they are brought into a country, such a tax is paid as part of the price of these goods if they are later sold in shops. We call it “indirect” tax, because it is paid indirectly through the shopkeepers.
People usually complain about having to pay taxes, but they forget that the money is spent on what they need. On one hand, we need policemen and soldiers to protect us from danger. Meanwhile, we also need schools and teachers for our children. On the other hand, we need officials and workers to serve us. Above all, we need money to develop our nation.
Taxes, therefore, can’t be avoided. We have no real reason to complain when we are asked to supply money to be spent for the good of ourselves and for our fellow-citizens.
Title: 1. are necessary in our life
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Sources |
People→Taxes |
_2.__of taxes |
Tax-payers |
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3. |
People whose income is over a certain amount |
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Indirect tax |
___4.__ |
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5. |
Taxes→ 6. |
On safety— 7. |
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On education— 8. |
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9. —Officials and workers |
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On development— 10. |