题目内容

Dear Editor,

Recent reports have indicated an additional 1, 400 Marines(海军陆战队)are being sent to Afghanistan in the coming weeks. This means it costs over $1 million annually on the ground over there. I do place a higher level of blame on the policymakers who send soldiers off to kill and be killed in the field. I think the human race needs to think more about killing.

One needs to do the introspection: “Are these wars JUST?” I believe that all of our wars since 1945 have been illegal, under international law as well. I suggest that all your readers examine their conscience as it relates to the matter of making war. The fact that many soldiers are motivated by a strong sense of duty does not give them some unqualified(绝对的) moral right to support these wars or any other. It’s responsible for all the troops, and the entire population, to determine whether the Afghan or Iraq wars are in accordance with(符合) the development of the state.

I wish someone would give me one or more logical reasons why we are still fighting in Afghanistan and what our goals are. I certainly don’t understand it and neither do many who are more knowledgeable than I.

Outsiders have tried unsuccessfully for centuries to conquer Afghanistan, and we seem to be no more successful. We are trying to develop a stable central government, but the country is badly divided into ethnic and tribal groups, and the current government is corrupt(腐败的). Moreover, we are apparently regarded as undesirable occupiers by many of its people, most notably(尤其) the Taliban(塔利班).

If we are to continue spending billions every year in Afghanistan and killing hundreds of our people and many of theirs, our government must provide us with a reasonable explanation of why we are doing so and what we can expect to accomplish.

George Myers

1.What caused the author to write the letter?

A. His conscience of being a citizen.

B. His relatives being killed in the war.

C. Reports about sending soldiers to Afghanistan.

D. Getting no reasonable explanation.

2.The underlined word “introspection” in the passage means ______________________.

A. self-awareness B. self-examination

C. self-confidence D. self-defence

3.The soldiers go to Afghanistan because______________________________.

A. they can contribute to the development of America

B. they have the moral right to do so

C. they want to become heroes in the war

D. they are performing their duty as a resident

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The U.S.A has developed a stable central government.

B. Most people can’t understand why the States makes wars.

C. The Afghan considered Americans as undesirable occupiers

D. American government should make an explanation to the public.

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A machine that takes sweat-laden clothes and turns the moisture(分子) into drinking water is in use in Sweden. The device spins and heats the material to remove the sweat, and then passes the vapor through a special membrane(膜) designed to only let water molecules get through.

Since its Monday launch, its creators say more than 1,000 people have “drunk others’ sweat(h汗液)" in Gothenburg. They add the liquid is cleaner than local tap water.

The device was built for the United Nation's child-focused charity UNICEF to promote a campaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean water.

The machine was designed and built by engineer Andreas Hammar, known locally for his appearances on TV tech show Mekatronik. He said the critical part of the sweat machine was a new water purification component developed by a company named HVR in collaboration with Sweden's Royal Institute of Technology.

"It uses a technique called membrane distillation(膜蒸馏)," he told the BBC."We use a substance that's a bit like Gortex that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria, salts, clothing fibers and other substances out."They have something similar on the International Space Station to treat astronaut's urine(尿液) - but our machine was cheaper to build. Volunteers have been sampling the treated sweat since the start of the week in Gothenburg .“The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is - but one person's T-shirt typically produces 10ml , roughly a mouthful."

The equipment has been put on show at the Gothia Cup - the world's largest international youth football tournament. MattiasRonge, chief executive of Stockholm-based advertising agency Deportivo - which organized the stunt(惊人的表演) - said the machine had helped raise awareness for UNICEF, but in reality had its limitations.

"People haven't produced as much sweat as we hoped - right now the weather in Gothenburg is lousy," he said."So we've installed exercise bikes alongside the machine and volunteers are cycling like crazy."Even so, the demand for sweat is greater than the supply. And the machine will never be mass produced - there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pills."

1.What can we infer from the passage ?_______.

A. The water processed by the machine is cleaner than local tap water .

B. The machine can help raise awareness of lacking water in the world .

C. The machine is cheaper than the similar one on the International Space Station

D. The amount of water the machine produces is roughly a mouthful.

2.What is the main idea of the fifth paragraph ?

A. How the machine works.

B. Who developed the machine.

C. How the machine was invented.

D. Why the machine was invented..

3.What does Mattias Ronge think of the machine?____

A. The machine can solve the severe water shortage in the world.

B. People do not like the water the machine processes

C. The machine should be used in rather hot areas in summer.

D. The machine is not worth popularizing.

Mr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished for it. And he lost his job. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him.

It was New Year’s Day. Mr. Lang didn’t go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside. They waited for a long time and didn’t think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.

“I saw there weren’t any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.”

1.Mr. Lang was paid much because _______.

A. he was a driver

B. he worked in a factory

C. he had a lot of work to do

D. he had worked there for a long time

2.Mrs. Lang did all housework because _______.

A. she couldn’t find any work

B. she thought her husband was tired

C. her husband spent all time in gambling

D. she wouldn’t stop her husband gambling

3._______, so he was put into lockup.

A. Mr. Lang often gambled

B. Mr. Lang was late for work

C. Mr. Lang didn’t help his wife at home

D. Mr. Lang wasn’t polite to the police

4.The woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _______.

A. he didn’t love her any longer

B. he wouldn’t stop gambling

C. he had been put into lockup

D. he was hardly sent away by the factory

5.Which of the following is right?

A. The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again.

B. The boy thought his father needed some policemen.

C. The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon.

D. The boy hoped his mother to come back.

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