题目内容

People from Great Britain brought the English language to North America in the 16th and 17th centuries. And in the __36__ 300 years, there were so many___37__ in both places that now people can easily___38__ an English person from an American in the___39__ he or she talks.

Many old words___40__ in England but were kept in America．For example,300 years ago people in Great Britain got their water from something they__41__either a“faucet”,“spigot”,or a“tap”.All these words are___42__ heard in different parts of America, but only “tap”is still___43_ in England．Americans often make___44__ new words or change old ones. “Corn”is one kind of plant in America and__45__ in England．

Also, over the last three centuries the English language has___46__ thousands of new words for things that weren’t___47__ before. And often, American and English people used two__48__ names for them. A tin can is called“tin”for short in English, but a “can”in America．The word “radio”is__49__all over the world, including America．But many English people call it a “wireless”.And almost anything___50__ something to do with cars, railroads, etc．has different___51__ in British and American English.

But now American and British English may be___52__ closer together. One thing is that__ 53_ people can hear a large amount of American speech daily in___54__, on television, or from travelers. Because of this, Americans___55__ to be influencing the British more and more. So some day, English may even be the same on both sides of the Atlantic．

1.A. past                        B．recent                  C．oldest                  D．latest

2.A. citizens                        B．inventions           C．changes              D．advances

3.A. pick                         B．tell                        C．take                      D．judge

4.A. voice                            B．place                    C．language             D．way

5.A. disappeared               B．stayed                 C．returned             D．formed

6.A. said                         B. talked                     C．spoke                   D．called

7.A. then                   B．hardly                  C．clearly                  D．still

8.A. necessary                       B．native                  C．common              D．lively

9.A. of                             B．into                       C．up                         D．out

10.A. another               B．the other            C．none                     D．something

11.A. discovered               B．added                  C. improved               D．learned

12.A. accepted                      B．known                  C．introduced                   D．understood

13.A. new                            B．short                    C．different              D．surprising

14.A. produced                  B．made                   C．developed           D．used

15.A. having                  B．bringing               C．getting                D．making

16.A. types                         B．names                 C．degrees               D．parts

17.A. putting                B．staying                C．living           D．growing

18.A. British                  B．American            C．educated            D．ordinary

19.A. families               B．buses                            C．movies                 D．newspapers

20.A. need                          B．expect                 C．seem                    D．happen

 

【答案】

 

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.A

6.D

7.D

8.C

9.C

10.A

11.B

12.B

13.C

14.D

15.A

16.B

17.D

18.A

19.C

20.C

【解析】略

 

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Parkour (跑酷) is a new sport that is developing quickly in the world. The aim of parkour is to jump, climb or run over any all stair, or fence on your path easily. Usually, it is done in a city environment. Practicers take very wall or roof as their training place. If you have seen the beginning of the James Bond movie Casino Royale, then you have seen an excellent example of parkour.
David Belle, a young Frenchman, developed parkour in the 1990s. His father's experiences as a fireman as well as an acrobat(杂技演员)influenced him a lot. His childhood friend, Sebastien Foucan, is the actor in the movie Casino Royale with his parkour performance. Foucan is thought to have developed free-running, which is a more artistic and skillful type of parkour. David belle traveled to India and said one way he trained was by watching a physical one. The aim is to become so skillful, and it is almost unnecessary for you to think about the different actions in running through a path full of barriers(障碍物).
Parkour is not exactly a sport. It is not developed fro competition. It is more about learning to control mind and body in difficult situations. There are many basic movements in parkour. One example is where practicers swing through the narrow space between two bars while keeping their body level with the ground. This is called the underbar. Other movements are the tic-tac and the kong vault jump. Skillful practicers seem to get out of control of gravity.
The popularity has spread largely because of parkour videos and organizations on the Internet. And if you search on the Web, you will find parkour groups performing their skills near you.
【小题1】The author wrote this text to _______

A．introduce a new sport parkourB．show how parkour is popular in the world
C．Tell the history of parkourD．explain the basic movements in parkour
【小题2】Who performed parkour in the movie Casino Royale?
A．David Belle.B．James Bond.C．Sebastien Foucan. D．David Belle's father.
【小题3】People learn about parkour mainly for ______.
A．the newspaperB．the InternetC．the radioD．TV
【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Children should not be allowed to do parkour.
B．Casino Royale is a movie introducing parkour
C．Most of the lovers of parkour are Internet users.
D．Parkour is a mental exercise as well as a physical one

The economic growth that many nations in Asia and increasingly Africa have experienced over the past couple of decades has transformed hundreds of millions of lives – almost entirely for the better. But there’s a byproduct to that growth, one that’s evident – or sometimes less than evident – in the smoggy, smelly skies above cities like Beijing, New Delhi and Jakarta. Thanks to new cars and power plants, air pollution is bad and getting worse in much of the world, and it’s taking a major toll (伤亡人数，代价) on global health.

How big? According to a new analysis published in the Lancet, more than 3.2 million people suffered deaths from air pollution in 2010, the largest number on record. That’s up from 800,000 in 2000. And it’s a regional problem: 65% of those deaths occurred in Asia, where the air is choked by diesel soot (内燃发动机烟雾) from cars and trucks, as well as the song from power plants and the dust from endless urban construction. In East Asia and China, 1.2 million people died, as well as another 712,000 in South Asia, including India. For the first time ever, air pollution is on the world’s top – 10 list of killers, and it’s moving up the ranks faster than any other factor.

So how can air pollution be so damaging? It is the very finest soot – so small that it roots deep within the lungs and then enters the bloodstream – that contributes to most of the public – health toll of air pollution including death. Diesel soot, which can also cause cancer, is a major problem because it is concentrated in cities along transportation zones affecting overpopulated areas. It is thought to contribute to half the deaths from air pollution in urban centers. Fro example, 1 in 6 people in the U.S. live near a diesel – pollution hot spot like a rail yard, port terminal or freeway.

We also know that air pollution may be linked to other non – deadly diseases. Fortunately in the U.S. and other developed nations, urban air is for the most part cleaner than it was 30 or 40 years ago, thanks to regulations and new technologies like the catalytic converters (催化式排气净化器) that reduce automobile emissions. Govemments are also pushing to make air cleaner – see the White House’s move last week to further tighten soot standards. It’s not perfect, but we’ve had much more success dealing with air pollution than climate change.

Will developing nations like India eventually catch up? Hopefully – though the problem may get worse before it gets better. The good news is that it doesn’t take a major technological advance to improve urban air. Switching from diesel fuel to unleaded (无铅燃油) helps, as do newer and cleaner cars which are less likely to send out pollutants. Power plants – even ones that burn mineral fuels like coal – can be fitted with pollution – control equipment that, at a price, will greatly reduce smog and other pollutants.

But the best solutions may involve urban design. In the Guardian, John Vidal notes that Delhi now has 200 cars per 1,000 people, far more than much richer Asian cities like Hong Kong and Singapore. Developing cities will almost certainly see an increase in car ownership as residents become wealthier – and that doesn’t have to mean deadly air pollution. Higher incomes should also lead to tougher environmental regulations, which is exactly what happened in the West. We can only hope it happens before the death toll from bad air gets even higher.

1.What tends to give rise to the highest death toll according to the passage?

A．The lack of tight environmental protection standards.

B．The increasing numbers of the diesel cars and trucks.

C．The frighteningly high death rate from deadly cancer.

D．The world’s serious air pollution such as soot and dust.

2.The “byproduct” (Paragraph 1) most probably refers to     .

A．consequence      B．solution       C．reform         D．design

3.The basic reason why so many people die from air pollution is that       .

A．the diesel soot is too small to be seen

B．the diesel soot is much too poisonous to breathe

C．the diesel soot roots in lungs and gets into blood

D．the diesel soot can also contribute to deadly cancer

4.According to the passage, the writer actually wants to convince the readers that        .

A．the global economic growth is mainly to blame for air pollution and climate change

B．the developing countries are repeating the same mistakes as the developed ones made

C．the ecological situation and air pollution in India are becoming worse and worse

D．the unbeatable air is increasingly becoming a major killer throughout the world

5.By describing urban design as “the best solution” in the last paragraph, the writer means that        .

A．the making of tougher environmental regulations alone is of little use

B．more sever regulations should be made to handle air pollution

C．the urban construction in western developed countries is the best choice

D．the pace of development has to be slowed down to reduce air pollution

 

Exchanging music over the Internet is fun and easy. Better yet, it's free, which means you don't have to pay for any more expensive music CDs. Several online file-sharing services make it easy for music lovers to exchange their favorite tunes with one another.

However, this illegal sharing of music — a form of music piracy(盗版)— is doing harm to the music industry. Industry experts estimate (估计) that US$4.3 billion in worldwide sales was lost to music piracy last year. These lost profits could force record companies to stop producing the music of many popular artists. That would hurt both musicians and music fans alike.

Music producers are puzzled about how to fight music piracy. Their efforts to fight piracy using the law have had only limited success. The music industry did win a legal victory against Napster, a famous music website. The courts ordered Napster to stop giving away copyrighted music from their site. But a number of other music-sharing networks have sprung up in its place.

These new networks are made up of thousands, or even millions, of individuals. Unlike Napster, there's no one company controlling the distribution(发行)of music over each network. So it's nearly impossible to stop the illegal activities.

Now people in the music industry have decided that " if you can't beat them, join them." They've begun to offer legal alternatives to online music piracy. Major music producers have given companies like Apple Computer permission(许可) to sell their music online. Apple's iTune Music Store allows computer users to legally download any song for 99 cents.

Will these new measures save the music industry from piracy? That depends on whether music fans are willing to pay 99 cents fro a song that they can download illegally for free. Unfortunately, many people believe music should be free. The music industry, however, hopes to persuade these music fans to change their tune.

1.This text is written to _____.

A．discuss music piracy on the Internet

B．introduce the popularity of online music

C．persuade music fans to give up downloading music

D．protect copyrighted music from being downloaded illegally

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Some online file-sharing services are responsible for music piracy.

B．Napster, a famous music website, broke down because of its piracy.

C．There have been no perfect measures to put an end to piracy.

D．Legal sharing of music is available at Apple's iTune Music Store.

3.Which of the following statements would the author agree with?

A．The only effective way to fight music piracy is to stop it by law.

B．Music lovers will be persuaded to pay for online music in time.

C．It is certain that no one will be willing to pay for online music.

D．There is a long way for music industry to go in fighting piracy.

4.The underlined word "illegal" in Paragraph 2 probably means _____.

A．being protected by the law                B．popular           C．being against the law  D．surprising

 

It has been argued that an infant under three who is cared for outside the home may suffer because of the separation from his parents．The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar （留下疤痕） a child's personality and incline to emotional problems in later life．Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three, and many people do believe this．But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion．

Firstly, anthropologists （人类学家） point out that the hidden love between children and parents found in modem societies does not usually exist in traditional societies．For example, we saw earlier that among the Ngonis the father and mother of a child did not raise their infant alone．But traditional societies are so different from modern societies that comparisons based on just one factor are hard to understand．

Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents and caretakers found that children had problems with it．But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects．The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be noticed by the use of statistics．Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial．

Thirdly, in the last decade, there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have reported that day care had a neutral of slightly positive effect on children's development．But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue．

1.This passage is mainly talking about________．

    A．children's personality                     

B．advantages of infants' early care

    C．infants' education                    

D．negative effect of infant school

2.The phrase "day care   in the first paragraph probably means_____.

    A．nursing school                          B．baby-sitter

    C．boarding school                         D．primary school

3.According to Bowlby, children under the age of three______．

    A．should not be sent to school

    B．should be cared for outside the home

    C．will not suffer fro m parental separation

    D．don't mind who will look after them

4.The argument against Bowlby's conclusion shows that___．

    A．children have problems with day care

    B．there is no negative effect on infants who go to school before three

    C．there is a long-term effect on infants who go to school before three

    D．children who are sent to school before three are sent to mental illness

 

One year ago, I traveled 15,000 kilometers from Australia to the US. I am from a beachside town in the   16  of Sydney, and thought there would be almost no   17  differences between my home country and my 18  . I was surprised at how wrong I was, and at  19  different the two countries could be.

The United States is   20  in almost every aspect. The buildings are gigantic (巨大的) and so are the people who   21  and work in them. At mealtimes, the portions (份额) often   22  to me to be big enough for three or four people. I once   23  a baked potato which turned out to be bigger than my head! This was a big   24  for me.

The longer I spent in the US, the more I started to   25  smaller differences like the culture of   26  in restaurants. In Australia we don’t tend to give a tip   27  the service has been really excellent. In the US you tip for   28  everything, even at the hairdresser. Waiters and shop assistants   29  to be given 15 percent of the bill, although in places   30 New York or Washington DC, a tip can be as much as 20 percent.

  31 , I also became more wary (谨慎的) of believing the stereotypes (成见) I had heard at home as I traveled. Not all Americans are ignorant of geography, for example.

Despite this, certain stereotypes about places did seem to   32  true for me. There is an immense (强烈的) sense of speed in New York. Everyone   33  to and fro, and very seldom takes time to   34  the moment. This is very different from the Australian lifestyle. Australians are laid back. Even in a major city like Sydney, we “Aussies” take time to “stop and smell the roses”---very different from our American counterparts.

Navigating (驾驭) the culture divide between Australia and the US was challenging at times. But I took up that   35  and learned a lot from it. It was an adventure.

1.                A．heart          B．city            C．center   D．suburbs

 

2.                A．cultural         B．commercial      C．economic D．scientific

 

3.                A．home town      B．departure       C．location  D．destination

 

4.                A．how           B．why            C．however  D．where

 

5.                A．big            B．modern         C．small D．fashionable

 

6.                A．travel          B．survive         C．live  D．serve

 

7.                A．happened       B．seemed         C．proved   D．managed

 

8.                A．brought        B．ordered        C．designed  D．fetched

 

9.                A．laughter        B．pleasure        C．shock    D．embarrassment

 

10.               A．prefer         B．notice          C．tell   D．appreciate

 

11.               A．serving         B．tipping         C．donating   D．toasting

 

12.               A．unless         B．if             C．when D．since

 

13.               A．rarely          B．mostly         C．almost D．hardly

 

14.               A．try            B．wait           C．think D．expect

 

15.               A．like            B．along          C．for   D．in

 

16.               A．So            B．Therefore       C．However  D．But

 

17.               A．come          B．become        C．turn  D．get

 

18.               A．walks          B．drives          C．wanders   D．rushes

 

19.               A．depend on      B．reflect on       C．spy on D．watch on

 

20.               A．experience     B．job            C．challenge  D．business

 

 

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