题目内容

【题目】—If only I__________ morning exercises regularly earlier!

—Yes. Be quick to join us now.

A. do B. did C. have done D. had done

【答案】D

【解析】句意:——如果我早一点养成定期晨练的好习惯就好了!——是啊,现在快点加入到我们当中来吧。根据句意和信息词earlier提示是虚拟过去,故用过去完成时。

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【题目】

Of all the reasons, cloning for medical purposes has the most potential to benefit large numbers of people. How might cloning be used in medicine?

Much of what researchers learn about human disease comes from studying animal models such as mice. Often, animal models are genetically engineered to carry disease-causing mutations (变异) in their genes. Creating these transgenic animals is a time-intensive process that requires trial-and-error and several generations of breeding. Cloning technologies might reduce the time needed to make a transgenic animal model, and the result would be a population of genetically identical animals for study.

Stem cells are the body's building blocks, responsible for developing, maintaining and repairing the body throughout life. As a result, they might be used to repair damaged or diseased organs and tissues. Researchers are currently looking toward cloning as a way to create genetically defined human stem cells for research and medical purposes. To see how this is done, see Creating Stem Cells for Research, a component of the Stem Cells in the Spotlight module.

Farm animals such as cows, sheep and goats are currently being genetically engineered to produce drugs or proteins that are useful in medicine. Just like creating animal models of disease, cloning might be a faster way to produce large herds of genetically engineered animals. Find out more about this research in the feature article Pharming for Farmaceuticals.

Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this feature film, scientists use DNA preserved for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and fiercer than expected.

In reality? Probably not. It's not likely that dinosaur DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. However, scientists have tried to clone species that became extinct more recently, using DNA from well-preserved tissue samples.

To clone or not to clone: that is the question. The prospect of cloning humans is highly controversial and raises a number of ethical, legal and social challenges that need to be considered.

【1】 Of all the reason of cloning, which do people think is the most benefit to people?

A. Medicine purpose. B. protecting endangered animal

C. Cloning for some families. D. Purifying human beings

【2】 By the passage we can infer that the side effect people would research human disease using animal models is __________.

A. the sample is not the same with human

B. the sample has less function than human

C. the sample often carries disease in the genes

D. the results can't adapt to human

【3】 What function do stem cells play in body?

A. Breeding. B. Repairing. C. Replacing. D. Reproducing.

【4】 According to the passage, which statement of the following is not right?

A. Cloning animals have achieved now.

B. By cloning people can cure some deadly diseases.

C. Dinosaurs in the future film are smarter.

D. Cloning can bring human only happiness.

【5】 The title of this passage probably is __________.

A. Why clone? B. The benefit of cloning.

C. Cloned animals. D. Cloning in the future.

【题目】No one likes to make mistakes. But a new study says organizations learn more from their failures than from their successes, and keep that knowledge longer.

One of the researchers was Vinit Desai, an assistant professor at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. He worked with Peter Madsen from the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University in Utah.

They did not find much long-term "organizational learning" from success. It is possible, they say. But Professor Desai says they found that knowledge gained from failure lasts for years. He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore them.

The study looked at companies and organizations that launch satellites--and other space vehicles. Professor Desai compared two shuttle flights.

In two thousand two, a piece of insulating(隔热的) material broke off during launch and damaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still, the flight was considered a success.

Then, in early two thousand three, a piece of insulation struck the Columbia during launch. This time, the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew members died. NASA officials suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes.

Professor Desai says the search for solutions after a failure can make leaders more open-minded. He points to airlines as an example of an industry that has learned from failures in the past.

He advises organizations to look for useful information in small failures and failures they avoided. He also urges leaders to encourage the open sharing of information. The study appeared in the Academy of Management Journal.

The mistakes we learn from do not have to be our own. We recently asked people on our Facebook page to tell us a time they had done something really silly.

Fabricio Cmino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV, but it wouldn't turn on, so I did everything I could to start it. Thirty minutes later my mum showed up and, passing by, said to me "Did you try plugging it'? I’m just dusting, Mum!”So she wouldn't notice how dumb I am sometimes!

Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a time he looked everywhere for his key. It was in his pocket. He wrote: I always promise I will never do it again, but after-a few weeks,where is my wallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place.

【1】From the passage, we can infer that________.

A. The insulating material problem in 2002 didn't arouse enough attention

B. There were no astronauts on Columbia

C. In spite of the problem, Atlantis was considered a success

D. Columbia exploded during its launch time

【2】The writer gives the last two paragraphs to show that________.

A. many people make mistakes in the world

B. mistakes were a very embarrassing thing when found by others

C. we can also draw a lesson from others' mistakes

D. making mistakes was a necessity

【3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Only organizations can learn from mistakes

B. We can also learn from failures that have been avoided.

C. Lessons from the shuttle flights are more important.

D. Leaders often lack an open mind and seldom share information.

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