Question

【题目】

Of all the reasons, cloning for medical purposes has the most potential to benefit large numbers of people. How might cloning be used in medicine?

Much of what researchers learn about human disease comes from studying animal models such as mice. Often, animal models are genetically engineered to carry disease-causing mutations (变异) in their genes. Creating these transgenic animals is a time-intensive process that requires trial-and-error and several generations of breeding. Cloning technologies might reduce the time needed to make a transgenic animal model, and the result would be a population of genetically identical animals for study.

Stem cells are the body's building blocks, responsible for developing, maintaining and repairing the body throughout life. As a result, they might be used to repair damaged or diseased organs and tissues. Researchers are currently looking toward cloning as a way to create genetically defined human stem cells for research and medical purposes. To see how this is done, see Creating Stem Cells for Research, a component of the Stem Cells in the Spotlight module.

Farm animals such as cows, sheep and goats are currently being genetically engineered to produce drugs or proteins that are useful in medicine. Just like creating animal models of disease, cloning might be a faster way to produce large herds of genetically engineered animals. Find out more about this research in the feature article Pharming for Farmaceuticals.

Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this feature film, scientists use DNA preserved for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and fiercer than expected.

In reality? Probably not. It's not likely that dinosaur DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. However, scientists have tried to clone species that became extinct more recently, using DNA from well-preserved tissue samples.

To clone or not to clone: that is the question. The prospect of cloning humans is highly controversial and raises a number of ethical, legal and social challenges that need to be considered.

【1】 Of all the reason of cloning, which do people think is the most benefit to people?

A. Medicine purpose. B. protecting endangered animal

C. Cloning for some families. D. Purifying human beings

【2】 By the passage we can infer that the side effect people would research human disease using animal models is __________.

A. the sample is not the same with human

B. the sample has less function than human

C. the sample often carries disease in the genes

D. the results can't adapt to human

【3】 What function do stem cells play in body?

A. Breeding. B. Repairing. C. Replacing. D. Reproducing.

【4】 According to the passage, which statement of the following is not right?

A. Cloning animals have achieved now.

B. By cloning people can cure some deadly diseases.

C. Dinosaurs in the future film are smarter.

D. Cloning can bring human only happiness.

【5】 The title of this passage probably is __________.

A. Why clone? B. The benefit of cloning.

C. Cloned animals. D. Cloning in the future.

Answer 1

【答案】【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【5】A

【解析】【1】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句Of all the reasons, cloning for medical purposes has the most potential to benefit large numbers of people可知，克隆的目的之一“医药目的”对人类的好处最大，而其他几个原因文章中没有阐述，故答案选A。

【2】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句Often, animal models are genetically engineered to carry disease-causing mutations(变异)ta their genes. 可知，动物模型常会携带由于基因变异而导致的一些疾病，故答案选C。

【3】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Stem cells are the body's building blocks, responsible for developing, maintaining and repairing the body throughout life. 可知，干细胞的主要功能就是生长发育、维护和修复人体机能，故答案选B。

【4】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段最后一句They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and fiercer than expected. 可知，尽管克隆动物比人们想象的要聪明，但是同时也会带来灾难，而不仅仅是快乐，故答案选D。

【5】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，主要讲述了克隆的部分目的，以及他可能给人类带来的灾难，直到目前，人们对克隆仍持有异议，故题目why clone?能有引起读者的关注， 符合意境。