［选修3:20世纪的战争与和平］材料 1919年1月.战胜国在巴黎凡尔赛宫召开和会.处理一站的遗留问题.德国等战败国未被允许参会.5月.草案传到德国后.全国上下群情激奋.柏林等地举行了抗议示威,艾伯特总统.谢德曼总理等人.都以激烈的词句抨击和约.但是.鉴于战败国的处境.德国还是同意接受大部分条款.同时提出加入国际联盟.公正调查战争责任题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

［选修3：20世纪的战争与和平］（15分）

材料 1919年1月，战胜国在巴黎凡尔赛宫召开和会，处理一站的遗留问题，德国等战败国未被允许参会。5月，《凡尔赛和约》草案传到德国后，全国上下群情激奋，柏林等地举行了抗议示威；艾伯特总统、谢德曼总理等人，都以激烈的词句抨击和约。

但是，鉴于战败国的处境，德国还是同意接受大部分条款，同时提出加入国际联盟、公正调查战争责任及修改和约等要求。战胜国出于私利，拒绝德国的所有要求，还限其在5天内必须作出答复，否则将诉诸武力。6月，德国政府最终被迫签署和约。签约后，德国许多报纸都在第一版加上了表示哀悼的黑色镶边，并号召准备复仇。

——摘编自郑寅达《德国史》

（1）根据材料并结合所学知识，概括德国针对巴黎和会与《凡尔赛和约》的诉求。（8分）

（2）根据材料并结合所学知识，简析《凡尔赛和约》对德国的影响。（7分）

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China is a land of bicycles.At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country.Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle.Cars were fare.Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year,I've found there are millions of cars. However,bicycles are still popular nowadays.People still use their bicycles to get around.For many,it's the most convenient and cheapest way to travel today.

It's rush quickly through crossroads,move skillfully through traffic,and ride even on sidewalks（人行道）. Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about,which cars just can't provide.Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture,I decided to buy a bicycle.Immediately I got my new bike I jumped up on the seat and started home.

My first ride home was orderly（守秩序的）.To be safe, I stayed with a "pack" of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times.I didn't want to get hit.So I took the ride carefully.Crossing the streets was the biggest problem.It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States.The streets here were wide,so crossing took time,skill and a little bit of luck.

I finally made it home.The feeling on the bicycle was amazing.The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful.I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people.Biking made me feel alive.

1.According to the author,why are bicycles still popular in China today?

A. Because they are traditional and safe.

B. Because they are convenient and inexpensive.

C. Because they are colorful and available.

D. Because they are fast and environment friendly.

2.The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended_______.

A. to ride it for fun B. to use it for transport

C. to experience the culture D. to improve his riding skills

3.How did the author feel about his street crossing?

A. It was boring. B. It was difficult.

C. It was lively. D. It was wonderful.

4.Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience?

A. The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.

B. The author was annoyed by the air while riding.

C. The author was praised by the other bikers.

D. The author took great pleasure in biking.

Nowadays, especially in China, everything seems to favor social intercourse, such as gatherings of friends, KTV, group travel, dining tighter, playing cards and Mahjong, plus the Chinese-style “street-crossing group.” Back home, discussions can still be boisterously carried on within the “circle of friends” of WeChat.

However, these scenes cannot always ease a sense of loneliness. Zhu Ziqing, a well-known professor of Tsinghua University, signed with emotion: “My loneliness increases as scene becomes much busier.” One popular song today is also called “A lonely man in crowds.” Actually, engaging in social intercourse requires ability, while being alone involves the whole character.

These days, it is not easy to calm down totally and return to one’s true self. Willpower, intellect and discipline are required. Einstein said: “It is not your working time but your spare time that determines the possibility of whether you will be successful or not.” The “spare time” he referred to could be taken as “spending time by yourself.”

Lonely life could be either dull, boring and tasteless or abundant, interesting and colorful, depending on one’s quality, ambition and inspiration.

Just as the body constantly requires energy, the mind and soul also demand unceasing inputs. However, information, to processed and integrated(融入)into knowledge, thoughts and feelings, instead of bustle(忙碌)seems to be the right condition. Successful careers in all walks of life worldwide have proved that “the soul grows in peace and talent is nurtured in loneliness”. In a sense, it may be reasonable to say that “Happiness tends to be shallow while loneliness involves profundity”.

Man, in fact, needs loneliness more than happy time, and only abundant loneliness can produce quality happiness.

1.Which of the following can replace the underlined the word “boisterously” in paragraph 1?

A. surprisingly

B. sadly

C. busily

D. peacefully

2.What can we infer from the second paragraph?

A. Being alone marks people depressed.

B. Social intercourse improves our happiness.

C. One may feel lonely even when surrounded by people

D. We should attend social intercourse to decrease our loneliness.

3.What can we know from Einstein’s words?

A. You should be successful if you spend all your time by yourself.

B. You should exercise more if you want to keep your minds healthy.

C. You will not become successful if you join in more social intercourse.

D. You will be more successful if you can make your lonely time meaningful.

4.Which may be the best title for this passage?

A. Live On Your Own

B. Happiness and Loneliness

C. The secret of success

D. Practice Your Social Ability

When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran along the edge of cliff( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.

Her owner Mike Holden panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds . Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.

Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.

For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken . Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder if he would like his dog bark.

A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.

The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said , “It was a very dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.

It was ,as Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor miracle(奇迹)”.

1.The dog Jody fell down the cliff when she was

A. rescuing her owner B. caught in a hurricane

C. blocked by a rock D. running after a sheep

2.Who spotted Judy after the accident?

A. A birdwatcher

B. A student from Leeds

C. Six volunteers

D. The coastguard of Cornwall

3.What can we infer from the text?

A. People like to travel with their pets.

B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting.

C. Luck plays a vital role in Judy's survival.

D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Miracle of the Coastguard.

B. Surviving a Hurricane.

C. Dangers in the Wild

D. Coming Back from the Dead.

1964年，中法建立外交关系。1966年，法国总统戴高乐访问苏联，两国发表了联合声明，强调由欧洲人来考虑和解决欧洲事务，还达成了空间技术合作协定，进一步扩大了合作领域。这表明

A．西方资本主义阵营出现分化 B．欧洲一体化向纵深发展

C．世界多极化趋势进一步加强 D．法国改变战略目标与价值取向

1992年，我国公有制经济以外的其他经济成分增长较快，国家直接管理的农业、工业、外贸等出口产品计划指标减少1/3，其中指令性计划指标减少近一半。这表明我国

A．市场在国民经济中的地位增强 B．总体上已经达到小康水平

C．确立了社会主义市场经济体制 D．实现与世界经济的全面接轨

In 1929, a peasant in Sichuan Province uncovered jade (玉器) and stone artifacts(手工艺品) while repairing a ditch(沟渠) located about 24 miles from Chengdu. But their significance wasn’t understood until 1986, when archaeologists unearthed two pits(大坑) of Bronze Age treasures. The discovery suggests an impressive technicality(手工技艺), said Peter Keller, a geologist and president of the Bowers Museum in California, which is currently hosting an exhibit of some of these treasures.

The treasures came from a lost civilization, now known as the Sanxingdui, a city on the banks of the Minjiang River.

“It’s a big mystery,” said Keller, who is not involved in the current study.

“Archaeologists now believe that the culture disappeared sometime between 3,000 and 2,800 years ago,” Niannian fan, a river science researcher at Tsinghua University in Chengdu, China, said.

“The current explanations for why it disappeared are war and flood, but both are not very convincing,” Fan told Live Science.

But about 14 years ago, archaeologists found the remains of another ancient city called Jinsha near Chengdu. The Jinsha site, though it contained none of the bronzes of Sanxingdui, did have a gold crown covered with fish, arrows and birds similar to golden objects found at Sanxingdui. That has led some scholars to believe that the people from Sanxingdui may have relocated to Jinsha.

Fan wondered whether an earthquake may have caused landslides that dammed the river high up in the mountains and rerouted it to Jinsha. That catastrophe may have reduced Sanxingdui’s water supply, spurring its people to move.

And some historical records support their assumptions. In 1099 B.C., ancient writers recorded an earthquake in the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, in Shanxi Province, Fan said. Though that spot is roughly 250 miles from the historic site of Sanxingdui, the latter culture didn’t have writing at the time. So it’s possible the earthquake epicenter(震中) was actually close to Sanxingdui－but it just wasn’t recorded there.

Around the same time, geological sediment(沉积物) suggest massive flooding occurred, and the later-han Dynasty document The Chronicles of the Kings of Shu records ancient floods pouring from a mountain in a spot that suggests the flow being rerouted, Fan said.

Together, the findings hint that major earthquake triggered a landslide that dammed the river, rerouting its flow and reducing water flow to Sanxingdui, Fan said.

1.In the first paragraph, the author wants to _____.

A. introduce the topic of a lost civilization

B. tel us how beautiful the jade and stone artifacts look

C. remind us to pay attention to the earthquake

D. inform us we can easily find treasures in a ditch

2.According to the passage, the following statements are true EXCEPT that ______.

A. Bowers Museum is exhibiting some of Bronze Age treasures

B. Peter Keller is the lead researcher on the study of Sanxingdui

C. some scholars think that the people from Sanxingdui may have moved to Jinsha

D. some findings support the idea that an earthquake caused a landslide, which dammed the river, rerouting its flow and reducing water flow to Sanxingdui

3.Which of the following is the most probable explanation of mystery of the disappearance of Sanxingdui’s civilization?

A. War. B. Flood.

C. Earthquake. D. Hurricane.

4.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “spurring” in the seventh paragraph?

A. Forcing. B. Allowing.

C. Supporting. D. Favoring.

5.What type of writing is this passage?

A. Science fiction. B. An official document.

C. A newspaper report. D. A research report.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

There are many hurricanes occur around the world every year. Knowing what to do during a hurricane is of great important to survive.

Listening to the weather forecast so that you know when a hurricane is coming. If a hurricane warning is issued, stop doing whatever you’re busy with, which is always the most efficient way to avoid caught in a hurricane. If you were walking outside, stop and find a shelter under which can protect you from a hurricane. If you are in your car when a hurricane comes, remain in it and turn on the engine, waiting until the hurricane dies down. If you are inside your house, do remember to close the windows and doors until you are sure when the wind is not that strong enough to blow it open.

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