In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, radio stations are privately owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would not be these private businesses.

Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of "keeping your name before the public" And some people thought that advertising was "truth well told" Now more and more people consider it in this way; Advertising is the paid, non-personal, and usually persuasive presentation of goods, services and ideas by some certain sponsors (发起人) through various media

First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the advertisements we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is non-personal. It is not face-to-face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it asks people to do something. All advertisements try to make people believe that the product, idea, or service advertised can benefit them. Fourth, the sponsors of the advertisement must show their names. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a company, or a single person. Fifth, advertising reaches us through old and modem mass media. Included in the old media are newspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Modem media include emails, matchbox covers, and boards on top of buildings.

9. The existence of the privately owned mass media depends on the support of ________.

A. the government     B. their owners’ families      

C. advertisements       D. the TV stations

10. The passage seems to say that different ideas of advertising are given due to ________.

A. the change of time                       B. the subject of the advertisements

C. people’s age difference                     D. people’s different opinions

11. Which of the following is considered modem mass media?

A. Newspapers.       B. Emails.        C. Magazines.          D. Films.

12. According to the passage, which of the following statements about advertisements is NOT true?

A. The sponsors are always mentioned.       

B. Advertising must be honest and humorous.

C. There is the description of things advertised.         

D. Advertising is meant for large groups of people.

It was not yet eleven o’clock when a boat crossed the river with a single passenger who had obtained his transportation at that unusual hour by promising an extra fare.

While the youth stood on the landing-place searching in his pockets for money, the ferryman lifted a lantern, by the aid of which, together with the newly risen moon, he took a very accurate survey of the stranger’s figure. He was a young man of barely eighteen years, evidently country bred(长大的), and now, as it seemed, on his first visit to town. He was wearing a rough gray coat, which was in good shape, but which had seen many winters before this one. The garments under his coat were well constructed of leather, and fitted tightly to a pair of muscular legs; his stockings of blue yarn must have been the work of a mother or sister, and on his head was a three-cornered hat, which in its better days had sheltered the grayer head of the lad’s father. In his left hand was a walking stick, and his equipment was completed by a leather bag not so abundantly stocked as to inconvenience the strong shoulders on which it hung. Brown, curly hair, well-shaped-features, bright, cheerful eyes were nature’s gifts, and worth all that art could have done for his adornment(装饰).

The youth, whose name was Robin, paid the boatman, and then walked forward into the town with a light step, as if he had not already traveled more than thirty miles that day. As he walked, he surveyed his surroundings as eagerly as if he were entering London or Madrid, instead of the little metropolis(都市)of a New England colony.

What time of the year was it in this story?

A. Winter.           B. Fall.       C. Summer.    D. Spring.

The boatman was willing to take Robin across the river because ________.

A. he was going to row across the river anyway

B. he saw that Robin was young and rich

C. he would give extra money

D. he felt sorry for him because Robin looked poor

The stockings that Robin wore were obviously _________.

A. well worn         B. very expensive       C. handmade         D. much too big

From the text we can learn that Robin had traveled __________.

A. from London              B. from Madrid

C. from a nearby city                D. over thirty miles

At what time of day did Robin cross the river?

A. Night.      B. Late afternoon    C. Midday.          D. Morning.    

Trudy, an American girl, tried swimming across the English Channel. That was August 6, 1962. Her father had ___1___ her two things. One was not to pull her out of the water ___2___ she asked. The other was to give her a red sports ___3___ if she made it.

In gay spirits Trudy ___4___ out, swimming strongly. All the swimmers started at 7:09 in the morning. Her father and the trainer were going along in a boat beside her. At ten o’clock, rain began falling.

___5___, Trudy trod(踩) water while drinking and eating a chicken leg. Then she started swimming ___6___. The wind was ___7___ and the sea became rougher. Late ___8___ the wind became even worse. The trainer ___9___ it was useless trying to finish. He called to Trudy to ___10___.

“No human being could do it in this weather,” he said. “It’s ___11___ to go on. “however, her father shouted, “Don’t grab her. Let her ___12___. “At seven o’clock the tides(潮水) turned ___13___ her. It was more difficult to move a- head. But Trudy still swam on. She ___14___ victory was possible now, for the English coast was in ___15___.

It was getting dark. A sound could be heard ___16___ the wind;hundreds of car horns(喇叭) were cheering her on. With ___17___ strength, she finished the last 200 yards. At 9:35p. m., Trudy got out of water. She had swum some 35 miles in ___18___ the 21-mile-wide Channel ___19___ a strong storm. But she had made it in 14 hours and 30 minutes. “Well, Pop,” she said to her father. “I ___20___ I get my car this time, don’t I?”

1. A. given     B. refused       C. allowed      D. promised

2. A. as   B. unless C. even if       D. when

3. A. suit B. shoe    C. hat      D. car

4. A. rushed    B. left     C. started D. worked

5. A. At midday     B. In the morning   C. In the evening    D. In the late afternoon

6. A. faster     B. better  C. again  D. across

7. A. stopping B. rising  C. changing    D. increasing

8. A. morning B. afternoon   C. evening      D. night

9. A. thought  B. considered  C. decided      D. felt

10. A. keep up       B. slow down  C. give up      D. take a rest

11. A. difficult       B. stupid C. impossible  D. unnecessary

12. A. go B. decide C. come out    D. go on

13. A. towards       B. with    C. at       D. against

14. A. realized       B. noticed       C. found out   D. thought

15. A. the distance        B. reach  C. sight   D. hand

16. A. over     B. in       C. with    D. from

17. A. fresh    B. greater       C. weakening  D. remaining

18. A. flying   B. swimming  C. crossing     D. passing

19. A. in spite of    B. because of  C. against       D. during

20. A. demand       B. am afraid   C. hope   D. guess

It was not yet eleven o’clock when a boat crossed the river with a single passenger who had obtained his transportation at that unusual hour by promising an extra fare.
While the youth stood on the landing-place searching in his pockets for money, the ferryman lifted a lantern, by the aid of which, together with the newly risen moon, he took a very accurate survey of the stranger’s figure. He was a young man of barely eighteen years, evidently country bred(长大的), and now, as it seemed, on his first visit to town. He was wearing a rough gray coat, which was in good shape, but which had seen many winters before this one. The garments under his coat were well constructed of leather, and fitted tightly to a pair of muscular legs; his stockings of blue yarn must have been the work of a mother or sister, and on his head was a three-cornered hat, which in its better days had sheltered the grayer head of the lad’s father. In his left hand was a walking stick, and his equipment was completed by a leather bag not so abundantly stocked as to inconvenience the strong shoulders on which it hung. Brown, curly hair, well-shaped-features, bright, cheerful eyes were nature’s gifts, and worth all that art could have done for his adornment(装饰).
The youth, whose name was Robin, paid the boatman, and then walked forward into the town with a light step, as if he had not already traveled more than thirty miles that day. As he walked, he surveyed his surroundings as eagerly as if he were entering London or Madrid, instead of the little metropolis(都市)of a New England colony.
【小题1】What time of the year was it in this story?

A.Winter.B.Fall.C.Summer.D.Spring.
【小题2】The boatman was willing to take Robin across the river because ________.
A.he was going to row across the river anyway
B.he saw that Robin was young and rich
C.he would give extra money
D.he felt sorry for him because Robin looked poor
【小题3】The stockings that Robin wore were obviously _________.
A.well wornB.very expensiveC.handmadeD.much too big
【小题4】From the text we can learn that Robin had traveled __________.
A.from LondonB.from Madrid
C.from a nearby cityD.over thirty miles
【小题5】At what time of day did Robin cross the river?
A.Night.B.Late afternoonC.Midday.D.Morning.

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