题目内容
【题目】How to Make Small Talk
There’s nothing small about small talk. Many great friendships and relationships have started with small talk. Small talk helps you build a meaningful relationship with a person. 【1】If you want to know how to master small talk, just follow these steps.
【2】 If you want to make a person feel comfortable, the best thing to do is to have an ＂open attitude＂ and to direct your body toward that person without being too forceful. Just make eye contact, don’t cross your arms, and face your shoulders toward that person. This will make the person feel like you’re giving him all of your attention.
Put away your phone. There’s nothing more annoying than talking to a person who is constantly checking his cellphone.
Though you should look eager to talk to the person, don’t look too eager. Don’t lean(倚靠) so close that you scare him away. 【3】
Give a friendly greeting. If you’re seeing someone you already know, just say hello and greet her by her name, ＂Hi, Jen, it’s good to see you.＂【4】 If you don’t know the person, introduce yourself first so you feel more confident and in control of the conversation.
【5】 Just a simple ＂I love your shoes — where did you get them?＂ can get you into a fun conversation about shoe shopping. Even if the praise(称赞) doesn’t lead anywhere, it will still make the person feel more appreciated before you start discussing other subjects.
A. Have friendly body language.
B. Start with a small compliment.
C. Focus your attention on their shoes.
D. Many people are turned off by a close-talker.
E. It also benefits you in the professional world.
F. You will feel uncomfortable when close to others.
G. This is simple and direct and lets the person know you’re excited to talk.
【答案】
【1】E
【2】A
【3】D
【4】G
【5】B
【解析】闲聊是一种重要的交际活动，它有助于人们与他人建立起一段有意义的关系，但闲聊也需要技巧。
【1】E
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文谈到了闲聊可以“helps you build a meaningful relationship”，而E项“It also benefits you in the professional world.”与此对应，故选E项，说明闲聊的好处。
【2】A
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。从文章的结构分析，本空应当选择一个主题句。下文中的“…eye contact, don’t cross your arms”等都是肢体语言，因此选A项“要有友好的肢体语言”符合语境。
【3】D
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文中的“Don’t lean(倚靠) so close that you scare him away.”说明不要过分靠近别人，你会把人吓跑的。而D项（近距离交谈会使许多人感到厌烦的）符合语境，故选D项。
【4】G
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文举例说明，遇到认识的人要主动向他人问候，G项中的This指代上文的例子，“lets the person know you’re excited to talk.”说明与他人打招呼的好处。故选G项。
【5】B
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本句是尾段的主题句，尾段举的例子“I love your shoes—where did you get them?”都是如何开始一次small talk的例句，故选B项。
该题型对学生的考察能力总体从两个方面来考察；第一，把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系。第二把握微观信息间关联性。（即空格前后句间关系。该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容），过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。正确的解题思路分为两步：
（1）首当其冲看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。
（2）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。如第2小题，下文中的“...eye contact, don’t cross your arms”等都是肢体语言，因此选A项“要有友好的肢体语言”符合语境。
（3）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义、近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其他选项完全不同意思的句子，这样我们就可以直接将该选项排除。正确选项的特点：复现，包括同义反复，反义反复。如第5小题
（4）解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。如第１小题运用but表示前后的转折。因果关系如so.because, therefore 等，如第5小题，使用了一个even if来作假设。
