Yu Pengnian is an 88-year-old real estate Chinese businessman. He amassed (积聚) a fortune of$1. 3 billion during his career but in?stead of keeping the money and living like an emperor,he decided to give it all away. All of his fortune will be spent in helping poor Chi?nese students get a better education.

  And Yu isn't the only superrich person in China who has this spirit of giving. Chen Guangbiao,a Jiangsu recycling tycoon,has given millions of dollars to charity (慈善) and promises to give all of his money to charity when he dies.

  Yu and Chen are among the many businessmen who have become prosperous during China's economic rise. An American business magazine,Forbes,estimates that there are 117 billionaires in China and hundreds of thousands of millionaires. What sets Yu and Chen apart from the rest,though,is their tremendous generosity (慷慨,大方) when it comes to donating money to charity.

  One day Bill Gates and Warren Buffett came to Beijing. Gates and Buffett,two of the world's richest men,are also the world's biggest philanthropists. They invi?ted fifty of China's richest people to have dinner with them and talk about the spirit of giving. At first,only a few people accepted their invitation. It seemed some of the invited guests were afraid that Buffett and Gates were going to pressure them into giving their wealth to charity.

  A lot of people are angry at the billionaires who are not willing to give away their fortunes. They criticize them for not caring about the poor and the less fortu?nate. But I think this criticism is wrong. A gift,any gift,should come from the heart. Instead of criticism,these reluctant billionaires should be encouraged to fol?low the examples of Yu Pengnian and Chen Guangbiao. Encouragement is always a better strategy than criticism. As we say in English, "You can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar."

1. Yu Pengnian will spend all of his fortune in       .

   A. helping poor Chinese students get a better education

   B. helping the students in earthquakestricken areas

   C. helping his offsprings lead a rich life in the future

   D. achieving his aim of living like an emperor

2. According to the passage,why does the author end the passage with the English saying "You can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar."?

   A. The author wants to tell us that flies prefer honey to vinegar.

   B. The author wants to prove that encouragement is always a better strategy than criticism when it comes to charity.

   C. The English saying expresses the main theme of the passage.

   D. The author wants to criticize those billionaires who are not willing to give away their fortunes and not caring about the poor and the less fortunate.

3. Which of the following phrases can be used to take the place of the underlined word "criticize" in the last paragraph?

   A. Show their respect to.

   B. Have bad comments on.

   C. Show their thanks to.

   D. Have good comments on.

 [2015年辽宁省重点中学协作体三模]

  While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly,scien?tists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna,Austria,we finally have some convincing evidence.

  For their study,biologist Corson Mill?er and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewar?ded for touching the screen when showing a happy face,while the other half given their treat for selec?ting those that appeared angry.

  Interestingly,the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. That's because the sci?entists believe humans show their eruptions on their entire face.

  After some training on how to recognize small differ?ences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expres?sions* the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.

  They also found those being trained to read angry ex?pressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting,causing them to withdraw quickly. However,once the smart dogs realized they were getting the reward,the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact,the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" that scientists had a hard time keep?ing them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.

  The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touching screen models were all fe?males,this confirmed what had been observed in previous studies―dogs are more efficient at reading facial expres?sions of people that are the same gender as their owner.

18. How did the scientists conduct the experiment?

   A. By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.

   B. By mixing the selected dogs together.

   C. By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen.

   D. By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces.

19. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

   A. The dogs were all provided with the entire face.

   B. According to their size,the dogs were given either upper or lower halves.

   C. The dogs could read even small changes that ac?company facial expressions after some training.

   D. The dogs couldn't read strangers' facial emotions.

20. The underlined word " trepidation”in Paragraph 5 probably means "      ".

   A. horror   B. curiosity

   C. excitement   D. doubt

21. How might the results change if the dogs with female owners are shown pictures of male faces?

   A. They could only tell emotions on partial faces rather than on entire faces.

   B. They found it hard to tell the moods on the faces of a different gender.

   C. They found it easy to tell the emotions on the en?tire face.

   D. They would be scared away at the sight of the pic?tures.

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