When the world was a simpler place ,the rich were fat ,the poor were thin ,and right-thinking people worried about how to feed the hungry .Now ,in much of the world ,the rich are thin ,the poor are fat ,and right-thinking people are worrying about fatness.?
Evolution(进化)is mostly to blame. It has designed mankind to deal with lack ,not plenty .People are perfectly fit to store energy in good years to see them through lean ones. But when bad time never comes ,they are stuck with that energy ,stored around their expanding bellies.?
Thanks to rising agricultural productivity ,lean years are rarer all over the globe .According to the UN ,the number of people short of food fell from 920 m in 1980 to 799 m 20 years later ,even though the world's population increased by 1.6 billion over the period .This is mostly a cause for celebration .Mankind has won what was ,for most of his time on this planet ,his biggest battle:to ensure that he and his offspring had enough to eat. But every silver lining has a cloud ,and the result of prosperity is a new trouble.?
Fatness is the world's biggest public-health topic today—the main cause of heart disease ,which kills more ?people? these days than AIDS ,malaria(疟疾),war; the major risk factor in diabetes(糖尿病);heavily connected with cancer and other diseases .Since the World Health Organization labeled fatness an “epidemic(流行病)”in 2000,?reports? on its fearful results have come thick and fast.?
Will public-health warnings ,combined with media pressure ,persuade people to get thinner ,just as they ?finally? put them off tobacco? Possibly .In the rich world ,sales of healthier foods are booming and new figures suggest that over the past year Americans got very slightly thinner for the first time in recorded history .But even if Americans are losing a few ounces ,it will be many years before the country solves the health problems caused by half a century's dining to overload .And ,everywhere else in the world ,people are still piling on the pounds .That's why there is now an agreement among doctors that governments should do something to stop them.?
1.What's the main idea the writer intends to tell us in this passage??
A.It's harmful to have enough to eat.?
B.It's better to be thin than fat.?
C.Fatness is the greatest danger in the world.?
D.Fatness has become a great health problem.
2.It can be inferred from the passage that the biggest problem in history is_______.
A.people were thin?
B.people smoked heavily?
C.there was not enough food to eat?
D.people stored energy in good years
3.Why does the author compare smoking with the fat problem in this passage??
A.Because they are both difficult problems to be settled.?
B.Because they both lead to the same diseases.?
C.Because they are both bad habits.?
D.Because they are both harmful to health.
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage??
A.Man has got rid of lean years by increasing agricultural productivity.?
B.Though fatness is a difficult problem ,man may break away from it.? C.Fatness may cause many diseases such as heart disease ,AIDS and cancer.?
D.The fat problem won't be settled until governments take measures.

 


第二卷
Ⅳ 单词拼写(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
请根据句子的逻辑含义,所给的单词或短语的首字母提示、所给中文提示或用所给词的正确形式完成句子,把完整的单词或短语写在答题卷相应的空格上。
Unfortunately, Charlie’s father died, leaving the family even ______________(badly off).
The tramp, a poor, _____________(home) man with a moustache, wore large trousers worn-out shoes and a small round black hat.
In ______________(总的来说), though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today’s world of cultural crossroads.
Yesterday, another student and I, ___________ (represent) our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.
The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile---its function is to show happiness and put people __________ _________(舒适,自然 )
With all these _______(attract), no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.
There are _________ (vary) kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything.
Classes or other large groups that let Futuroscope know their plan ____ _____(提前,预先) can
get the group admission rate.
T_______ ______  his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They ______ ______ (集中于) keeping their soil rich and free from disease.


●The first double hand transplant patient in the US has left a hospital after medicine cleared up
small red spots on his skin that signaled he might be rejecting his new hands. Jeff Kepner, a 58-year-old former chief cook in a restaurant, lost his hands and feet a decade ago to a bacteria infection. The donor was a 23-year-old man.
●A second major storm in less than a week was blowing yesterday toward the Washington area, where federal government offices were closed for a second day and workers struggled to restore power knocked out by a weekend heavy snowstorm. The storm could leave as much as 20 inches (50 centimeters) of new snow in Washington and nearly as much near Philadelphia –a Northeast travel-hub by tonight.
●British Prime Minister Gordon Brown will give evidence to a public inquiry into the Iraq War in early March, officials for the inquiry said yesterday. Brown’s appearance, just weeks before an election expected in May, could hit the ruling Labour Patry’s attempts to catch up in the polls (民意调查)behind the opposition party Conservatives. Brown, who will be questioned about his time as prime minister, will be a witness in the highest position at the inquiry since former Prime Minister Tony Blair’s appearance last month.
●The head of the UN agency aiding Palestine refugees (难民)is warning a funding shortfall and appealing for another $100 million. Filippo Grandi says the money is necessary for education, health and social services for 4.7 million Palestinian refugees scattered across Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The agency’s 2010 budget is $620 million, and it expects a shortfall of $140 million. The agency says $100 million is necessary for basic services.
64.The passage is most probably adapted from        .
A.new items in a newspaper       B.descriptions of the world situation
C.discussions on foreign affairs  D.statements of a government report
65.It can be inferred from the passage that        .
A.the man lost his hands for an unknown reason
B.the result of the transplant operation seems satisfying
C.another storm will hit Washington area in less than a week
D.the electricity supply was cut off in Philadelphia a week ago
66.According to the passage, Gordon Brown          .
A.is the leader of the ruling Labour Party in Britain
B.will send army to the Iraq War in March this year
C.will compete with former Prime Minister Tony Blair
D.is now gaining more support from voters than others
67.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the fourth news?
A.$100 million should be needed for the survival of the refugees.
B.At least $100 million is to be raised for Palestinian refugees.
C.The refugees mentioned in the passage are in the Middle Africa.
D.It is a tough job for the UN agency to get money for the refugees.

As you climb into the hill country, the roads get dustier and rougher, and fewer cars can be seen. Phonxay is one of the poorest districts of Laos, and many of its villages are only accessible by footpath. Our destination this hot morning is a concrete water tank that can be found just off the road. A UK organization helped to build it six years ago, and in the nearby village of Thapho, where clean drinking water is scarce, it has made a big difference. The tank feeds six taps which in turn give water to over 800 people---it has improved things for almost every family, from schoolchildren to grannies.

        But lately, we were told, the clean water supply has come under pressure from new arrivals, people who have come down from the hill areas, and there are concerns that there will not be enough clean water to go round.

There are also serious worries about resources in Laos. The Chinese are building a 400km railway link, which could transform the landlocked country. About 150,000 Chinese workers will be involved. What will this do to local clean water supplies? How will the workers be fed?

The vast majority of Laotians live on farms. But with foreign investors wanting to buy up land, local people will have to be moved to make room for them. Heavily dependent on both foreign aid and foreign investment, Laos still falls well behind its neighbours, although its economy has grown at about 6% a year in the last decade. Its biggest economic problem is the lack of locally trained skilled workforce.

But there are reasons to be hopeful for the future. Laos is beautiful, and foreign tourism continues to grow: fortunately so far the fast-food chains and coffee bars common elsewhere are nowhere to be seen. Although all local media are government-run, the Internet is not controlled and the BBC and CNN are available to those with satellite dishes.

The government has also achieved impressive results in rural development, with communities benefiting not just from cleaner water but the construction of new schools and regular visits from medical teams. Poverty will not be history in Laos within the next decade, but with small steps forward and a bit of outside help, the country could find itself out of the UN’s least-developed category by 2020.

1.What is putting pressure on the local supply of clean water?

A. Dust from the road is making the water dirtier.

B. There are too many taps accessing the water.

C. The population of the area is growing fast.

D. The coming summer will dry up rivers and lakes.

2.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for Laos to be hopeful?

A. There are no fast-food restaurants in the country.

B. Laos has a variety of tourist attractions.

C. Information on the Internet is freely accessible.

D. The government owns all local media.

3.What is the most serious limitation on Laos’ economic growth?

A. The lack of local skilled workers.

B. A poor transportation system.

C. Too much foreign aid.

D. Too many foreign workers.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A. Laos: slow-developing nations

B. Laos: small steps forward

C. Laos: least-developed land

D. Laos: landlocked country

 

“People should have one meat-free day a week if they want to make a personal and effective sacrifice that would help deal with climate change,” the world’s leading authority on global warming has told The Observer.

Dr Rajendra Pachauri, chair of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, said that people should then go on to reduce their meat consumption even further.

Pachauri, who was re-elected the panel’s chairman for a second six-year term last week, said diet change was important because of the huge greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and other environmental problems associated with raising cattle and other animals. “It was relatively easy to change eating habits compared to changing means of transport,” he said.

The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organisation has estimated that meat production accounts for nearly a fifth of global greenhouse gas emissions. These are produced during the production. For example, ruminants (反刍动物), particularly cows, give off a gas called methane, which is 23 times more effective as a global warming agent than CO2.

Pachauri can expect some opposite responses from the food industry to his advice, though last night he was given unexpected support by Masterchef presenter and restaurateur John Torode. “I have a little bit and enjoy it,” said Torode. “Too much for any person is bad. But there’s a bigger issue here: where the meat comes from. If we all bought British and stopped buying imported food, we’d save a huge amount of carbon emissions.”

Professor Robert Watson, the chief scientific adviser for the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, said government could help educate people about the benefits of eating less meat, but it should not regulate. “Eating less meat would help, there’s no question about that,” Watson said.

However, Chris Lamb, head of marketing for pig industry group BPEX, said the meat industry had been unfairly targeted and was working hard to find out which activities had the biggest environmental impact and reduce them. “Some ideas were contradictory,” he said. “For example, one solution to emissions from cattle and other animals was to keep them indoors, but this would damage animal welfare. Climate change is a very young science and our view is there are a lot of simple solutions being proposed.”

1.What is directly related to global warming?

A.Consumption of meat.

B.Growth of cattle.

C.Methane from ruminants.

D.Processing of meat.

2.Who holds a view opposite to the others’ in the passage?

A.Rajendra Pachauri.

B.John Torode.

C.Robert Watson.

D.Chris Lamb.

3.It is implied in the passage that _____.

A.we should try to keep away from cattle

B.ruminants should not be left outdoors

C.the meat industry will soon close down

D.we must do our duty to save the earth

4. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A.Less meat, slower global warming

B.More animals, more greenhouse gas

C.Less imported food, better our environment

D.Greater diet change, smaller climate change

 

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