Question

【题目】Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Chinese medical expert have warned that antibiotics （抗生素）are “ 【1】 overused” in hospitals, which may cause serious side-effects for the health of an entire generation.

According to the ministry, 70 percent of Chinese inpatients have received antibiotics, while the maximum number set by the World Health Organization is 30 percent. About 97 percent of 【2】 patients used antibiotics but research showed that a large number of them could avoid the need if hospitals conducted proper sanitation（公共卫生）measures.

Particularly, antibiotics are overused in the 【3】 of children. Nearly one third of the daily 10,000 outpatients at the Beijing children’s Hospital take intravenous drips（静脉输液）that largely contain antibiotics.

“Some doctors might lack proper training on how to 【4】antibiotics in a more precise way and avoid 【5】risks. Some simply want to play it safe,” said Zhu Zhenggang, president of Shanghai-based Ruijin Hospital.

The ministry 【6】 a nationwide campaign over the past six months to 【7】 the use of antibiotics. Vice Health Minister Ma Xiaowei admitted that the government faces great challenges as many public hospitals have 【8】 supervision on prescription（处方）safety under heavy pressure from patients.

Insiders also noted that the overuse of antibiotics was partly 【9】by profit-seeking pharmacy （制药）firms.

About 60 percent of the newly 【10】 medicines by the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) last year were antibiotics. According to the SFDA, the country reported 690,000 cases of adverse drug reactions caused by abuse of medicine, including 600 deaths in 2010.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】G

【4】E

【5】I

【6】J

【7】D

【8】F

【9】C

【10】K

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了抗生素在中国的过度使用现象并分析了原因以及规范抗生素使用的措施。

【1】考查副词。句意：中国医学专家警告说，抗生素在医院“大量过度使用”，可能会对整整一代人的健康造成严重的副作用。修饰动词overused用副词，根据“which may cause serious side-effects for the health of an entire generation.”可知此处表示“大量地”，故填A。

【2】考查形容词。句意：大约97%的外科病人使用抗生素，但研究表明，如果医院采取适当的卫生措施，他们中的许多人可以避免使用抗生素。修饰名词patients用形容词，surgery patients表示“外科病人”，故填B。

【3】考查名词。句意：尤其是抗生素在儿童治疗中被过度使用。作介词in的宾语用名词，根据“antibiotics are overused”可知此处表示“治疗”，故填G。

【4】考查动词。句意：一些医生可能缺乏如何更精确地使用抗生素和避免潜在风险的适当培训。空前的to是不定式符号，此处需要填动词原形，根据“antibiotics in a more precise way”可知此处表示“应用、使用”，故填E。

【5】考查形容词。句意同上，修饰名词risks用形容词，potential risks表示“潜在风险”，故填I。

【6】考查时态。句意：在过去的六个月里，卫生部在全国范围内发起了一场规范抗生素使用的运动。此处用动词作谓语，时间状语“over the past six months”表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，根据“a nationwide campaign”可知此处表示“发起”，故填J。

【7】考查动词。句意同上。空前的to是不定式符号，此处需要填动词原形，根据“the use of antibiotics”可知此处表示“规范”，故填D。

【8】考查时态。句意：卫生部副部长马晓伟承认，在患者的巨大压力下，许多公立医院放松了对处方安全的监管，政府面临巨大挑战。空前的have表明是现在完成时，此处需要填过去分词，根据“supervision on prescription（处方）safety under heavy pressure from patients.”可知此处表示“放松”，故填F。

【9】考查被动语态。句意：业内人士还指出，抗生素的过度使用部分上是由追求利润的制药公司推动的。空后的by表明为被动语态，此处使用过去分词，根据“by profit-seeking pharmacy （制药）firms.”可知此处表示“推动”，故填C。

【10】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年国家食品药品监督管理局新证实的药品中，约60%是抗生素。

此处作定语修饰medicines，根据“medicines by the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) last year were antibiotics”可知此处表示“被证实的”，故填K。