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As I entered womanhood，mom told me that no matter what happened and no matter what I did，I could always come home. Because of what those words meant to me，I said the same thing to my .

My childhood was filled with —a lot of kisses，lots of hugs，and lots of spoken “I love you”．Because of what those meant to me，I my sons the same things.

My mom came from a family and had a difficult childhood，yet she never about how unlucky she was my mom，I saw love’s ability to forgive.

I saw my sweet mom love my Grandpa， he had abandoned her and my Grandma and failed to them with basic necessities；I never saw mom treat Grandpa any way but lovingly，even though he was far from . I learned how love behaves and forgives.

I watched my mom my 100?year?old grandma who，in her blindness，deafness and feebleness(虚弱)，needed almost care. When I was in her home，I heard what I’ve heard all my life，“I love you，mom.” They would each other this at least five times a —when mom got Grandma up，made her comfortable in bed，or prepared her . And I would hear love’s when Grandma said，“And I love you too.”

Love forgives and not focusing on what has happened ，love’s focus is on what needs to be done and on doing it the we can.

My mom taught me to love；she told me to it on to my children，and she forgiveness herself.

1.A. children B．friends C．classmates D．neighbors

2.A.confusion B．imagination C．happiness D．attraction

3.A. gave B．ordered C．paid D．bought

4.A. famous B．peaceful C．rich D．broken

5.A. thought B．complained C．learned D．wondered

6.A. With B．Like C．In D．Before

7.A. although B．because C．so D．if

8.A. prepare B．run C．hope D．provide

9.A. special B．kind C．normal D．smart

10.A. wait for B．laugh at C．turn to D．look after

11.A. little B．free C．early D．total

12.A. call B．tell C．ask D．encourage

13.A. year B．month C．day D．second

14.A. books B．money C．meal D．travel

15.A.response B．question C．solution D．measure

16.A. walks on B．moves on C．falls behind D．runs away

17.A. Besides B．Therefore C．Also D．Instead

18.A. quickest B．least C．best D．longest

19.A. look B．pass C．put D．write

20.A. showed B．expected C．remembered D．doubted

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The oldest and most common source(来源) of renewable energy known to man, biomass is one of the most important forms energy production in the United States and elsewhere. Since such a wide variety of biomass materials is everywhere ---- from trees and grasses to agricultural and city ---- life wastes ----biomass promises to play a continuing role in providing power and heat for millions of people around the world.

According to the Union of Concerned Scientists(UCS), biomass is a kind of renewable energy source that produces no carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), because the energy it contains comes from the sun. When plant matter is burned, it gives off the sun’s energy. In this way, biomass serves as a sort of natural battery(电池) for storing the sun’s energy. As long as biomass is produced continuously ----with only as much grown as is used--- the “battery” lasts forever.

According to the Energy Information Administration, biomass has been one of the leading renewable energy sources in the United States for several years running through 2007, making up between 0.5 and 0.9 percent of the nation’s total electricity supply. In 2008----although the numbers aren’t all in yet----wind power probably took over first place because of the rapid development of wind farms across the country.

Producing power from biomass helps reduce some 11 million tons of carbon dioxide each year. Some homeowners also try to make their own heat by using biomass materials. Such practice may save homeowner’s money, but it also produces a lot of pollution. So, the best way is to encourage power plants to use it.

1.Why is biomass considered as “ a sort of natural battery”?

A. It burns merely plant matter.

B. It keeps producing electricity.

C. It stores the energy from the sun.

D. It produces zero carbon dioxide.

2.We learn from the text that in 2008 ______.

A. Wind power would be the leader of renewable energy.

B. there was a rapid growth of electricity production

C. biomass might become the main energy source

D. 0.5~0.9 of power supply came from biomass

3.Why does the author encourage power plants to use biomass?

A. To prevent the waste of energy.

B. To increase production safety.

C. To reduce pollution.

D. To save money.

4.Where does the text probably come from?

A. A research plan. B. A science magazine

C. A book review. D. A business report.

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dentists often ask questions when it is impossibly to answer. My dentist had pulled out one of my tooth and told me to rest for a while. I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton. He knew I collected match box. He advised that I devote myself to collect what it was worth. He then asked me that I liked my new job in London. To these questions, I either nodded and made strange noises. Meanwhile, my tongue was busy search the hole where the tooth had been. I suddenly felt very worried about , but I could not say anything. When the dentist finally finished his job, I told him that it was the wrong tooth which he had pulled out .

Ouch, it was the first time that I suffered such pain in my life.

As more and more Chinese tourists travel abroad, some of their behavior is raising eyebrows.

According to the latest 2012 LivingSocial survey, Chinese tourists were recently ranked second behind US citizens in a global poll of the worst travelers.

Liu Deqian, researcher and deputy director of the Tourism Research Center at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that Chinese visitors often lack an awareness of being polite or behaving appropriately. “On their first or second time abroad, Chinese visitors tend to forget that they are visiting other people’s homeland and overlook the manners of their hosts,” he said.

Zhang Guanren, 28, who helped organize package tours to Australia, observed that on international flights, the first passengers to stand up and reach for luggage while the plane is still landing are often Chinese. “Our compatriots (同胞) seem to lack patience, and they’re forever in a rush to do things and fear lagging behind others.”

Some disregard (漠视) rules in local wildlife parks: They disturb koalas in their natural habitats by touching them, even though the local guide has warned them against doing so. “This is far from being eco-friendly,” said Zhang.

【写作内容】

1、以约30个词概括短文的内容要点。

2、然后以约120个词谈谈你对“文明旅游”的看法，内容包括：

（1）你在旅游时遇到过不文明的行为吗？请举例说明；

（2）请你谈谈“文明旅游”的重要性；

（3）呼吁大家积极践行“文明旅游”。

【写作要求】

作文中可用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

If it really is what’s on the inside that counts, then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.

Some doctors now think that the internal(内部的) fat surrounding important organs like the heart or liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.

“Being thin doesn’t surely mean you are not fat,” said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial College. Since 1994, Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.

According to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat, even if they are slim.

Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. Of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. Among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.

According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.

Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病). They want to prove that internal fat damages the body’s communication systems.

The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no shortcut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle.” Bell said.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A. Thin people may be fat inside.

B. Internal fat is of no importance.

C. Internal fat leads to many diseases.

D. Thin people don’t have diabetes.

2.According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?

A．Exercise can help to reduce the internal fat.

B．People can get rid of internal fat by improving diet.

C．Men are more likely to have too much internal fat.

D．People with heart disease all have internal fat.

3.From the last paragraph, we can find that ______.

A．internal fat leading to disease has been proved

B．exercise plays an important role in people’s life for keeping healthy

C．thin people usually have internal fat even if they are slim

D．it is easier to burn off internal fat than external fat

4.The underlined part in the last paragraph means ______.

A．a long road

B．a clear difference

C．an easy way

D．a short distance

Why do people feel so rushed? Part of this is a perception (认知) problem. Generally, people in rich countries have more free time than they used to. This is particularly true in Europe, but even in America free time has been inching up. Women's paid work has risen a lot over this period，but their time in unpaid work，like cooking and cleaning, has fallen even more significantly, thanks in part to dishwashers, washing machines and microwaves, and also to the fact that men shift themselves a little more around the house than they used to.

The problem, then, is less how much time people have than how they see it. Ever since a clock was first used at a workplace to record labor hours in the 18th century, time has been understood in relation to money. Once hours are financially quantified (量化), people worry more about wasting, but tend to save or use them more profitably. When economies grow and incomes rise, everyone's time becomes more valuable. And the more valuable something becomes, the rarer it seems.

Once seeing their time in terms of money, people often grow stingy with the former to maximize the latter. Workers who are paid by the hour volunteer less of their time and tend to feel more upset when they are not working.

The relationship between time, money and anxiety is something Gary Becker noticed in America's post-war boom years. "If anything, time is used more carefully today than a century ago," he noted in 1965. He found that when people are paid more to work, they tend to work longer hours, because working becomes a more profitable use of time. So the rising value of work time puts pressure on all time. Leisure time starts to seem more stressful, as people are forced to use it wisely or not at all.

1.Women's time in unpaid work has fallen partly because ______.

A. men's ability to support a family has been improved

B. men's involvement in housework has increased

C. women's leisure time was taken up by heavy housework

D. women become more skilled at household equipment

2.From the second paragraph, we learn that ______.

A. labor hours were recorded with a clock

B. people haven't realized the value of time

C. more work hours bring in more money

D. The rise of incomes makes time less valuable

3.The underlined phrase grow stingy with can probably be replaced by "______".

A. refuses to delay B. intend to kill

C. try to accumulate D. hesitate to spend

4.According to Gary Becker, what causes people feel anxious about time?

A. The wrong way of time being spent.

B. People's willingness to work hard.

C. The increasing value of work time.

D. More and more leisure time.

Many people believe that all ice cubes are created equal, but they are not. At least that’s what the folks at California’s Glace Luxury Ice Company would like us to believe. The Davisbased company says that the ice cubes they make are healthier and last longer than the ones that we throw into our drinks on a daily basis. What’s more, the company also says that their ice cubes do mot leave behind an aftertaste(余味)in drinks, like regular ones do.

In order to create these unique ice cubes, Glace Luxury begins with water that has been rid of the hazardous impurities(杂质)that the company says can lead to cancer and exist in regular ice. They then freeze it in large blocks. Once ready, the ice is carved into perfect cubes and each cube measures 2.5 inches across. Besides being healthier, these ice cubes apparently also take longer to melt. The company says that each ice cube can last up to 30 minutes.

Of course, those ice cubes do not come cheap. Those that wish to have a taste of this “tasteless” frozen perfection will have to pay $325USD for a bag of 50 ice cubes. That comes to $6.50USD for a single cube of ice!

The unique product is the brainchild of Robert Sequeira, a former business school lecturer who said that he wanted to establish a profitable business that could be easily scaled. Given that he can make as mush Glace Luxury ice as he needs for as little as $0.12USD per cube, he thinks that the idea certainly meets the standard. Now, if he can find that the few people can afford to buy this Glace Luxury ice, life would be great!

1.People at California’s Glace Luxury Ice Company probably want consumers to believe that _____.

A. ice cubes are healthy for people to use

B. their ice cubes add tastes to drinks

C. all ice cubes are created the same

D. their ice cubes are different

2.What does the underlined word “hazardous” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Active B. Regular C. Dangerous D .Powerful

3.Compared with regular ice cubes, the ice cubes created by Glace Luxury Ice Company_____.

A. taste much bette

B. look much more beautiful

C. have more different shapes

D. are healthier and melt more slowly

4.What does the author think of the ice cubes created by Glace Luxury Ice Company?

A. They will be a big success

B. They are too costly to make.

C. They are just regular ice cubes.

D. They are too expensive for consumers

A powerful earthquake struck Nepal in South Asia on April 25, 2015, _______ government appealed for assistance from the international community.

A. where B. which C. whose D. when

Never go into a supermarket hungry! This is a good piece of advice. If you go shopping for food before lunchtime, you’ll probably buy more than you plan to. Unfortunately, however, just this advice isn’t enough for consumers these days. Modern shoppers need an education in how and how not to buy things at the store. First, you check the weekly newspaper ads. Find out the items that are on sale and decide if you really need these things. In other words, don’t buy anything just because it’s cheaper than usual! “New and Improved!” or “All Natural” on the front of a package influence you. Instead, read the list of ingredients (contents) on the back. Third, compare prices: that is, you should examine the prices of both different brands and different sizes of the same brand.

Another suggestion for consumers is to buy ordinary items instead of famous brands. Ordinary items in supermarkets come in plain packages. These products are cheaper because producers don’t spend much money on packing or advertising. The quality, however, is usually as good as the quality of well-known name brands. In the same way, in buying clothes, you can often find high quality and low prices in brands that are not famous. Shopping in discount clothing stores can help you save a lot of money. Although these stores aren’t very attractive, and they usually do not have individual dressing rooms, not only are the prices low, but you can often find the same famous brands that you find in high-priced department stores.

Wise consumers read magazine ads and watch TV commercials, but they do this with one advantage: knowledge of the psychology behind the ads. In other words, well-informed consumers watch for information and check for misinformation. They ask themselves questions: Is the advertiser hiding something in small print at the bottom of the page? Is there any real information in the commercial, or is the advertiser simply showing an attractive image? With the answers to these questions, consumers can make a wise choice.

1.All the following statements are true about the phrase “ordinary items” in Paragraph 2 except _____.

A. ordinary items never say “New and Improved” or “All Natural”

B. ordinary products are usually cheaper than famous brands

C. producers spend less money on packaging of ordinary items

D. the quality of ordinary items is usually as good as that of famous brands

2.What does the writer think about ads?

A. They are believable.

B. They are helpful to consumers.

C. They are full of misinformation.

D. They are attractive.

3.One of the author’s suggestions to consumers is ____________.

A. not to buy items with words like “New and Improved” or “All Natural”

B. to make full use of advertisements

C. to buy high quality items such as famous brands after lunch

D. to buy any ordinary items instead of famous brands

4.The author implies that _________________.

A. going into the supermarket hungry, you may buy more than you plan to

B. the quality of ordinary items is usually high and the prices are relatively low

C. discount clothing stores are good places to go to

D. ads sometimes don’t tell the truth

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