题目内容
From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away. The animal is, in fact, playing a very dangerous game with its environment, a game in which it must make decision—a matter of life or death.
Animals’ ability to act reasonably is believed to come partly from what we may call “genetic learning”, which is different from the individual learning that an animal does in the course of its own lifetime. Genetic learning is learning by a species —animals of the same kind—as a whole , and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to act in the right way. However, the role of genetic learning depends upon how similar the future environment is to the past. The more important individual experience is likely to be , the less important is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game .Because most animals live in ever changing environments from one generation to the next, it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning.
In the great majority of animals , their particular ways of acting in a new environment are a compound (复合体) of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with .That is why animals can survive.
1.The animal’s life will come to an end_____.
A.if the animal makes a wrong decision B.if the animal plays a dangerous game
C.when the animal attacks its enemy D.when the animal runs too slowly
2.Very few species depend entirely on genetic learning because_____.
A.each generation has its own way of learning
B.their environments change all the time
C.they can act reasonably on their own
D.it takes their whole life to learn
3.When the environment doesn’t change much,_____.
A.animals cannot act in a right way
B.genetic learning is less important for animals
C.individual learning plays a less important role
D.animals cannot get over problems on their own
4.Animals’ living on generation after generation depends on_____.
A.their natural action pattern with their own experience
B.the lessons they have learnt during their lifetime
C.their experience in particular environments
D.the knowledge passed on by their parents
ABCA
Transport Guide
The Brisbane City Council (BCC) is responsible for bus and ferry services with in the city limits and suburbs. Most buses will either arrive at the city or an interchange where connecting buses can be caught.BCC buses operate from 5:30 am to 11:00 pm Monday to Thursday and 5:30 am to 12:00 a m on Fridays. On weekends and public holidays buses operate less frequently Pre-paid bus tickets can be purchased from the QUT (Queensland University of Technology)bookshop, the campus news agency, most other news agencies and general stores, and any BCC Customer Service Centre. Short-term students at QUT cannot use their ID cards to gain a discount fare on BCC public transport. You will need to buy an adult ticket to travel. Bus fares are dependent on the number of zones you have to travel. There are several types of ticket:
Zone | Cost (AUD) | |||||
Single | Daily | Off-peak Daily | Ten-Trip Saver | Weekly | Monthly | |
1 | 2.50 | 4.20 | 3.50 | 16.80 | 16.80 | 67.20 |
2 | 2.90 | 5.00 | 4.10 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 80.00 |
3 | 3.30 | 5.80 | 4.70 | 23.20 | 23.20 | 92.80 |
Daily: unlimited travel within the zones.
Off-peak Daily: discounted unlimited travel between 9:00 am and 3:30 pm and after
7:00 pm Monday to Friday, and all day on weekends and public holidays.
Weekly: unlimited travel within the zones for one week from the date of issue.
Monthly: unlimited travel within the zones for one calendar month from the date of issue.
Ten-trip Saver: 10 trips at any time within the zones on buses and ferries only.
Transport routes, timetables and fare information are available from:
Public Transport Information Centre
69 Ann Street (corner of George St)
Brisbane City
Phone l3 12 30(Transport Information Service)
【小题1】 The transport guide above is most likely provided by .
A.Public Transport Information Centre | B.the Brisbane City Council |
C.Queensland University of Technology. | D.BCC Customer Service Centres |
A.buses are scheduled as usual on weekends and public holidays |
B.regular students at QUT need to buy adult tickets |
C.Pre-paid tickets can be bought from the Public Transport Information Centre |
D.Ten-trip Savers can be used at off-peak time |
A.Single. | B.Weekly. | C.Off-peak Daily. | D.Ten-trip Saver. |
I had the meanest mother in the world. While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal, eggs and toast. Others had cakes and candy for lunch, while we had to eat a sandwich. As you can guess, my supper was different from the other kids’. But at least I was not alone in my suffering. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.
My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times. She had to know who our friends were and what we were doing. We had to wear clean clothes every day. Other kids always wore their clothes for days. We reached the height of disgrace(耻辱) because she made our clothes herself, just to save money.
The worst is yet to come. We had to be in bed by 9:00 each night and up at 7:45 the next morning. So while my friends slept, my mother actually had the courage to break Child Labor Law. She made us work. I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things to do to us. Through the years, our friends’ report cards had beautiful colors on them, black for passing, red for failing. My mother, however, would only be satisfied with black marks. None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout(退学者).
She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults. Using this as a background, I’m now trying to bring up my three children. I’m filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank God every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world.
【小题1】From the passage we can learn that the writer’s mother was __________.
A.not generous at all |
B.very strict with her children |
C.very mean with money matters |
D.very cruel to her children |
A.Eating differently from other kids. |
B.Wearing clean clothes made by mother . |
C.Going to bed early and getting up early . |
D.Letting mother know where they were . |
A.the writer worked hard and usually got good grades in studies |
B.mother was punished for breaking the Labor Law |
C.all the other kids studied better than the writer |
D.the writer’s family lived a miserable life |
A.Mother practised economy in running her home . |
B.The writer is very thankful for her mother . |
C.The writer is strict with her children when bringing them up . |
D.The wrier has a deep hatred for her mother . |
A.humorous | B.hateful | C.ridiculous | D.critical |
It was a hot summer day. My dad and I were getting ready to go out for a ride on the boat with my friend Katie and the dog when the phone call came, the call that made that bright, beautiful day a cold, dark, gloomy one.
I had just put on my suit, shorts, and tank top, and packed my bag with sunscreen and everything else I would need for the day. I ran into my parents' room to find Dad. When I saw him on the phone, he was crying. I'd never seen my dad cry before. My heart sank. What possibly could have happened?
"Max, I'm so sorry," I heard him say. That's when it hit me. I knew that Suzie had died.Max has been my dad's best friend for years. Suzie, his daughter, had a rare disease that mainly affected her body. Her brain was OK. She knew what was going on; she knew that shehad problems and was different from other kids. Once she told her dad that she wished she could die and be born in a different body. Yet although she couldn't live a normal life ,she was still happy.
When Suzie and I were little, we spent quite a bit of time together. As we grew up, we grew apart. She lived in New York, and I lived in the Midwest. When Suzie was ten she had to live ina hospital in Virginia. About eight months before she died, Max gave us her number at the hospital and we talked at least twice a week until the end. Suzie was always so excited to talk to us and wanted to know every detail about my life. She wanted to know everything I did and every thing I ate. In a way, she lived through me.
After we found out about her death, we made our plans to go to New York for the funeral. When she was alive, I sent her a Beanie Baby and she sent one back to me. I had bought her another one but never had the chance to send it to her, so I took it to put in her casket(棺材).
Her funeral was very different from any funeral I'd ever been to. After they lowered her casket, each one of us put a shovelful of dirt over her. I remember crying so hard, I felt weak. My cheeks burned from the tears. My whole body was shaking as I picked up the shovel, but I'm glad I did it.
When Suzie and I first started calling one another, I thought it would be more of a burden on me, but I was completely wrong. I learned so much from her. She gave me more than I could ever give to her. I will never forget her or the talks we had. I now know that I must never take anything for granted especially my health and the gift of life.
【小题1】The author's family cancelled their ride because______.
A.Katie couldn't join them for the ride |
B.the weather was too terrible for a ride |
C.they couldn't find their dog |
D.Max's daughter passed away |
A.Suzie got to know what life outside hospital was like by sharing my experience. |
B.Suzie was financially dependent of me. |
C.Suzie managed to pull through her illness with the help of my family. |
D.Suzie was too weak to live her own life. |
A.Suzie was the only person helping the author with difficulties. |
B.The author feared that she might also get the same disease as Suzie. |
C.The author benefited a lot from talking on the phone with Suzie. |
D.The author didn't understand Suzie was her true friend until Suzie's death. |
A.Never let go of a friend even if you are apart. |
B.Be thankful for what we have in our life. |
C.Talking with a friend can cure your illness. |
D.We can learn more from our friends than they do from us. |