题目内容
4.Kong Zi,also called Confucius(551-479B.C.),and Socrates(469-399B.C.) lived only a hundred years apart,and during their lifetimes there was no contact between China and Greece,but it is interesting on look at how the world that each of these great philosophers came from shaped their ideas,and how these in turn,shaped their societies.Neither philosopher lived in times of peace,though there were more wars in Greece than in China.The Chinese states were very large and feudal,while the Greek city-states were small and urban.The urban environment in which Socrates lived allowed him to be more radical(激进的)than Confucius.Unlike Confucius,Socrates was not asked by rulers how to govern effectively.Thus Socrates was able to be more idealistic,focusing on issues like freedom and knowledge for its own sake,on the other hand,advised those in government and many of his students went on to government service.
Confucius suggested Rule as a principle for the conduct of life:"Do not do to others what you would not want others to do to you."He assumed that all men were equal at birth,though some potential than others,are that it was knowledge that set men apart.Socrates focused on individual,and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom.He believed that some had more potential to develop their reason than others did.Like Confucius,he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes.
For Socrates,the family was of no importance,and the community of little concern.For Confucius,however,the family was the centre of society,with family relations considered much more important than political relations.
Both men are respected much more today than they were in their lifetimes.
64.Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?C
A.Socrates and Confucius and much in common.
B.Confucius had a influences on Socrates ideas.
C.The societies were influenced by the philosophers'ideas.
D.There were culture exchanges between China and Greece.
65.Socrates shared with Confucius the idea thatB.
A.all men were equal when they were born.
B.the lower classes should be ruled by the upper class.
C.the purpose of man was to seek freedom and wisdom.
D.people should not ask others to do what they did not want to.
66.What made some people different from others according to Confucius?C
A.FamilyB.PotentialC.KnowledgeD.Community
67.This passage is organized in the pattern ofB.
A.time and events.
B.comparison and con contrast.
C.cause and effect.
D.definition and classification.
分析 本文采用对比的写作手法,介绍了生活在不同时代,不同国家的两位伟大的哲学家孔子和苏格拉底.尽管在生活背景,家庭观念,社会观念以及对待教育的态度等方面他们有着不同的看法,但是他们的思想观念都对社会有着很大影响.
解答 64.C 细节理解题.根据文章第一段的"how these ideas in turn,shaped their societies."可知,哲学家们的观点无疑对社会有着很大影响,故选C.
65.B 细节理解题.根据文章第三段的""Socrates focused…Like Confucius,he believed that the superior class should rule the inferior(下层的)classes.."可知,他们都认为上层阶级应该统治下层阶级.故选B.
66.C 细节理解题.根据文章第三段的"…that it was knowledge that set men apart."可知,孔子认为是知识造成了人们之间的差别,故选C.
67.B 推理判断题.纵观全文可知,文章的每一段都是通过比较和对比来说明这两位哲学家的生活背景,思想观念等各个方面的,故选B.
点评 本篇是政治经济类阅读,主要考查细节理解题.在做事实细节题时,首先看题目要求我们理解什么细节,找出关键词,然后以此为线索,运用寻读的技巧迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语.认真比较选项和文中细节的区别,在正确理解细节的前提下,确定最佳答案.
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