题目内容
7.Psychologists have discovered that even the most independent-minded of us will conform to social pressure when we are with a group of people.In one classie experiment,people were shown a vertical line and asked to find a line of identical length from a selection of three.You might think that this is an absurdly easy task,and when people perform it by themselves they do it very well.However,psychologists have discovered that we are very easily swayed by the opinions of other people when we do this task in a group.In one study,a group of three people was set up,where two of the people were confederates(同伙)of the experimenter.When the confederates deliberately gave wrong answers,people were often swayed to give the wrong answer also.In fact,75% of people gave at least one wrong answer,with some people conforming to peer pressure on every occasion.
But why do people conform in this way?In an easy task like this,it seems that people do not want to step out of line with the prevailing opinion of the group.On more difficult tasks,people also conform because they lose〔onfidence in their own ability to make decisions and prefer to trust the majority opinion instead.
A typical example of this kind of conformity arises when we come across people in distress.
Would you help a woman who has been attacked in the street?It turns out that you are much more likely to go to her assistance if you are alone.When other people are also around,a diffusion of responsibility occurs.People are paralysed into inaction,because everyone assumes that someone else will go to the woman's assistance.
28.In Paragraph 1,the underlined word"conform"probably means"D"
A.seek independence
B.disobey orders
C.seek pleasure
D.follow what others do
29.What is the purpose of the experiment described in Paragraph 2?ToB
A.explain why people would be influenced by the opinions of others
B.prove that people are easily influenced by the opinions of others
C.train the confederates of the experimenter as independent-minded
D.describe how people would be influenced by the opinions of others
30.In the last paragraph,according to the author,why wouldn't one help the woman?HeD.
A.thinks he has no responsibilities to give a hand
B.thinks he has has nothing to do with it
C.is too shy to give his helping hand
D.thinks someone else will offer assistance
3l.What method does the author mainly use to develop the text?A
A.Giving examples.
B.Cause-effect analysis.
C.Comparative analysis.
D.Process analysis.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了心理学家发现,即使是最有主见的人当与一群人相处时也会顺应社会压力,并通过实验证明了人们很容易受到他人意见的影响,因此作者告诉我们要有主见,有自己的决策权.
解答 28.D 词义猜测题,根据第一段Psychologists have discovered that even the most independent-minded of us will conform tosocial pressure when we are with a group of people.可知心理学家发现,即使是最有主见的人当与一群人相处时也会顺应社会压力,根据前后文可推断有主见的人与大多数人是一样的,因此推知"conform"为顺应,顺从,所以D选项是正确的.
29.B 推理判断题,根据第二段However,psychologists have discovered that we are very easily swayed by the opinions of other people when we do this task in a group.可知本段所描述的实验是为了向我们证明人们很容易受到别人的意见的影响,所以B选项是正确的.
30.D 细节理解题,根据最后一段When other people are also around,a diffusion of responsibility occurs.People are paralysed into inaction,because everyone assumes that someone else will go to the woman's assistance.可知作者认为一个人不去帮助在街上被袭击的女人是因为旁边还有很多人,他认为其他人会去帮助这个女人,所以D选项是正确的.
31.A 推理判断题,通读全文可知本文中作者主要通过举例子的方式展开对本文的描述,所以A选项是正确的.
点评 本文是一个科教类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.
A. | a,a | B. | a,the | C. | /,a | D. | the,the |
When I arrived in Hamburg Germany,my colleague who worked there arranged a welcome party for me in a(1)D.We noticed a few customers including several old ladies,were having their meal.When a dish is (2)C,the waiter would distribute the food for them,and they would(3)Cevery bit of the food on their plates.
As I was hungry,my local colleague (4)Bmuch food for me.Since there were other things to do,we did not (5)Dmuch time dining.When we planned to leave,there was still about one third of (6)Afood left.When we were leaving the restaurant,we (7)Bsomeone calling us.When the old ladies spoke to us in English,we understood that they were (8)Aabout us wasting so much food.
"We (9)Bfor our food; it is none of your (10)Cno matter how much food we left behind",my colleague told the old ladies.They got angry,and one of them (11)Bmade a call to someone.After a while,an officer in (12)Carrived.Upon finding what had happened,he issued us a 50-euro (13)A.The officer told us in a stern(严厉的)voice:"order (14)Cyou can consume.Money is yours,(15)Dthe resources belong to the society.You have no (16)Dfor wasting them."Our face turned red.
We all agreed with him in our (17)C.My colleague took out a 50-euro note and repeatedly(18)Dto the officer.
My colleague copied the fine ticket and gave a copy to each of us as a souvenir.We all(19)Dit to remind us that we should never be(20)B.
1.A.bank | B.company | C.family | D.restaurant |
2.A.cooked | B.gathered | C.served | D.missed |
3.A.desert | B.refuse | C.finish | D.oppose |
4.A.kept | B.ordered | C.sold | D.made |
5.A.save | B.find | C.divide | D.spend |
6.A.unconsumed | B.undeveloped | C.undiscovered | D.undetermined |
7.A.appointed | B.heard | C.realized | D.knew |
8.A.unhappy | B.curious | C.nervous | D.optimistic |
9.A.asked | B.paid | C.applied | D.accounted |
10.A.matter | B.mind | C.business | D.question |
11.A.passively | B.immediately | C.excitedly | D.regularly |
12.A.rags | B.fashion | C.uniform | D.dream |
13.A.fine | B.food | C.award | D.souvenir |
14.A.how | B.it | C.what | D.that |
15.A.so | B.and | C.or | D.but |
16.A.ability | B.problem | C.power | D.reason |
17.A.words | B.faces | C.hearts | D.ears |
18.A.approved | B.accused | C.admitted | D.apologized |
19.A.stuck | B.broke | C.threw | D.kept |
20.A.hopeful | B.wasteful | C.merciful | D.grateful |
never actually(41)Dyou.Everything they know about you (42)Athrough this device,sometimes from hundreds of miles away.(43)Bthey feel they can know you (44)Cfrom the sound of your voice.That's how powerful the (45)Ais.
Powerful,yes,but not always (46)D.For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.Mary,my faceless agent whom I'd never met (47)A,got me rock-bottom prices on airfares,cars,and hotels.But her cold voice really (48)Ame.I sometimes wished to (49)Canother agent.
One morning,I had to (50)Dan immediate flight home for a family emergency.I ran into Mary's office(51)A.The woman sitting at the desk,(52)Bmy madness,sympathetically jumped up.She gave me a(53)B smile,nodded while listening patiently,and then printed out the(54)C immediately."What a wonderful lady!"I thought.Rushing out(55)C I called out over my shoulder,"By the way,what's your name?""I'm,Mary"she said.I turned around and saw a (56)Dwoman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.I was(57)D!Why had I thought she was cold?Mary,was,well,so (58)B.
Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport,I figured it all out.Mary's (59)C---her warm smile,her nods,her‘I'm here for you'(60)B---were all silent signals that didn't travel through wires.
41.A.accepted | B.noticed | C.heard | D.met |
42.A.came | B.moved | C.ran | D.developed |
43.A.Thus | B.Yet | C.Then | D.Indeed |
44.A.rather | B.also | C.just | D.already |
45.A.Telephone | B.voice | C.connection | D.impression |
46.A.direct | B.useful | C.easy | D.accurate |
47.A.in person | B.by myself | C.in public | D.on purpose |
48.A.annoyed | B.interested | C.discouraged | D.confused |
49.A.promote | B.train | C.find | D.know |
50.A.arrange | B.postpone | C.confirm | D.book |
51.A.for the first time | B.at any time | C.from time to time | D.in good time |
52.A.expecting | B.seeing | C.testing | D.avoiding |
53.A.shy | B.comforting | C.familiar | D.forced |
54.A.bill | B.form | C.ticket | D.list |
55.A.hopefully | B.disappointedly | C.gratefully | D.regretfully |
56.A.careful | B.serious | C.nervous | D.pleasant |
57.A.amused | B.worried | C.helpless | D.speechless |
58.A.calm | B.nice | C.proud | D.clever |
59.A.forgiveness | B.eagerness | C.friendliness | D.skillfulness |
60.A.explanation | B.attitude | C.concept | D.Behavior |
subscribe to come in handy take the view in disbelief of interest light up in addition to meet the needs of place emphasis on be sure to break out no fewer than |
75.Some educatorstake the view that the experience of children in their early years largely determines their character.
76.When the Anti-Japan Warbroke out in 1937,he moved to Yunan University and became a professor.
77.I don't like this book since there is nothingof interest in it.
78.Be sure to check whether there are spelling mistakes in your answers before you hand in your test papers.
79.Our English teacher asked us tosubscribe to Shanghai Students'Post and read it after supper.
80.She appeared to bein disbelief when the judge ordered her to go to jail,and cried as people left the courtroom
81.In addition to giving a general introduction to computers,the course also provides practical experience.
82.Keep these coins,and they willcome in handy when you buy the ice cream.
83.Even the best cook can'tmeet the needs ofeveryone,so don't complain of the test paper any longer.