题目内容

One often hears that children should arrive at school “ready to learn.” For most children, the acquisition of reading and math skills starts in the first grade. In states where kindergarten is compulsory, it begins even earlier.

Many parents, teachers, and politicians maintain that preschool is the best way to prepare children to learn. There is no real consensus, however, about how this preparation should be achieved.

For some, early childhood education relates to the development of the whole child. They think that preschool should encourage exploration and discovery. Group activities teach positive social behaviors such as sharing, kindness, and patience. Time spent alone encourages independence. Learning letters and counting is important only for children who show an interest in them. Advocates of this approach stress that each child is unique and should learn at his or her own pace.

Other people refer to research showing that children are ready to absorb basic academic concepts by age 3 or 4. They claim that early introduction to letters and numbers lays the foundation for later academic excellence. Since the 1980s, many people have stressed the value of preschool and point to the success of programs -such as Head Start - that target low-income children.

Is there proof that an academic curriculum in preschool will lead to academic success? Studies have not been conclusive. In the short term, evidence suggests that middle-class children who attend preschool are ahead of their peers in maths and language skills as well as in social skills, when they enter school. However, the same studies show that the gap narrows considerably by the time children reach age 8.

Children living in poverty are a different matter. Those enrolled in programs such as Head Start seem to do better than impoverished children who do not attend a preschool. For instance, youngsters in one group enrolled in the program, tracked until the age of 21, earned higher scores on intelligence tests, were more likely to graduate from high school, and demonstrated more interest in higher education.

The idea of public preschool raises many issues. Providing Head Start for all children would be a financial burden on communities that already struggle to fund current school programs. Also, where would a sufficient number of teachers trained in early childhood development be found?

1.

 Advocates of the development of the whole child believe school readiness is______ .

A. showing eagerness in exploration and discovery

B. learning basic skills, such as knowing letters and counting

C. showing great interest in basic academic concepts

D. demonstration of intellectual , social and emotional skills

2.

 According to the passage, Head Start is most probably______ .

A. a preschool program that supports disabled children

B. a program that helps impoverished children attend a school

C. an organization that aims to improve current school programs

D. a program that helps design the academic curriculum in preschool

3.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Preschool benefits middle-class children more than poor children.

B. Most children start school with similar language and social skills.

C. Providing Head Start for all children has encountered great difficulties.

D. All children are ready to absorb basic academic concepts by age 3 or 4.

4.

Which of the following may best summarize the main idea of the passage?

A. An academic curriculum in preschool will lead to academic success.

B. Preshool is helpful, despite the disagreement about what it should offer.

C. Children enrolled in preschool demonstrate more interest in learning.

D. Preschool education shouldn't be a financial burden on communities.

 

【答案】

 

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.B

【解析】 略

 

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Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people,but I also explain that there's a big difference between “being a writer” and writing.In most cases these people are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You've got to want to write, ”I say to them, “not want to be a writer”.

    The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coat Guard to become a freelance writer, I had no hope at all.What I did have was a friend who found me a room in a New York apartment building.It didn't even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom.I immediately bought a used typewriter and felt like a real writer.

    After a year or so.However, I still hadn't gotten a break and began to doubt myself.It was so hard to sell a story that I hardly made enough to eat.But I knew I wanted to write,l had dreamed about it for years.I wasn't going to be one of those people who die wondering, what if? I would keep putting my dream to the test—even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure.This is the shadow land of hope,and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.

1.The purpose of the passage is to         

A.warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience

B.advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer

C.show young people it's unrealistic for a writer to seek wealth and fame

D.encourage young people to be a writer over a long period of time

2.What can be concluded from the passage?

A.Real writers often find their work interesting and rewarding.

B.A writer's success depends on luck rather than on effort.

C.Famous writers usually live in poverty.

D.The chances for a writer to become successful are little.

3.Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?

A.He wasn't able to produce a single book.

B.He hadn't seen a change for the better.

C.He wasn't able to have a rest for a whole year.

D.He found his dream would never come true.

4.“…people who die wondering,what if?” refers to “those          ”.

A.who think too much of the dark side of life

B.who regret giving up their career halfway

C.who think a lot without making a decision

D.who are full of imagination even upon death

5.“shadow land” in the last sentence means         

A.the wonderland one often dreams about

B.the bright future that one is looking forward to

C.the state of uncertainty before one's final goal is reached

D.a world that exists only in one's imagination

 

阅读下面短文,根据短文内容用完整的句子回答问题。(请将答案写在答题卷上相应番号后的横线上)。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

You will probably try harder to get more sleep once you see how much better you feel with even 30 minutes more sleep.

Getting more sleep is sometimes merely a matter of scheduling. In the next couple of weeks, try to get rid of one or two things from your morning and evening routine. If morning is your downfall, shift(转移) some of your morning routines to the night before or putting something off until your break at lunch. If late afternoon and night are your downfalls, do the same.

You don’t really need to watch the news. It’s depressing. If something important happens today, you will find out tomorrow at work. At least skip(略过) the weather. Right after dinner, go to a major search engine, and type in “national weather” and the name of your town. You will see a two-line weather report from the National Weather Service. This will save you several minutes of watching the weather on television.

If reading helps you, take a boring book or magazine to bed with you. Paperbacks(平装本) are not as heavy and are easier to read in bed. 

If you have a partner or roommate, maybe you can take turns with a neck and shoulder massage at night instead of television.

Make sure you are ready for sleep when you go to bed. __________ such as televisions, computers, and video games wake us up. Avoid them for at least an hour before you plan to go to bed. 

1.What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

2.Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 5 words.)

3.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Often, sleeping more depends on how you manage your time.

4.Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

5.As a senior student, how can you make sure you get enough sleep?  (Please answer within  30 words.)

 

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